Under the series of offensives in Jiagu, nearly half of the rice growers in Jiangyou Province have "embraced" Jiagu.

Jiagu's rice strategy in Jiangyou Province seems to have made a good start.

But God doesn't always have someone to go smoothly, and a test comes quietly.

"The temperature has risen particularly quickly in early spring this year, and now there are signs that the occurrence of rice borer is ahead of schedule, and a pest epidemic is imminent. Du Weimin of Jiagu Agricultural Materials synthesized the intelligence of all parties and got this bad news.

China's insect plague is known as the "northern locust and southern borer", and the "locust" is naturally a familiar locust; the borer mainly comes from the two and three borers.

Since 96, there has been a big borer disaster, and since then there have been consecutive outbreaks, and the situation has worsened in recent years.

At present, the main characteristics of borer plague in China are high insect population density, many generations per year, heavy damage and long duration. At present, the rice borer has replaced the rice planthopper in the 80s and the cotton bollworm in the 90s and has become the number one pest affecting China's grain production and even agricultural development.

After Qi Zheng learned the news, he did not dare to slack off and went to the Poyang Lake Plain in Jiangyou Province to find out.

The occurrence of the borer was more serious in the mixed rice area, single cropping rice area and intercropping rice area, while the occurrence was relatively light in the Poyang Lake Plain, which was a double cropping continuous rice area. The insect infestation that occurs at the moment is mainly the three-insect borer.

The three chemical borer is an important pest of rice in China, and it is only for the sake of pesting rice. It is widely distributed in the main rice areas in the south of the Yangtze River Basin, especially in the coastal and Yangtze River basin plain areas.

Qi Zheng was at the edge of the rice field, and it could be seen that the larvae of the three chemical borers were mainly at the base of the rice stalks, and the wounds were relatively neat.

The larvae eat the rice stems, and the seedling stage to the jointing stage can lead to dry hearts, and the booting stage to the heading stage can lead to "dead boots" or "white ears", so that the grains are not harvested.

Seeing this, Qi Zheng couldn't help frowning.

Du Weimin said, "Generally speaking, the two growth periods of tillering stage and booting to breaking and opening are the 'dangerous growth period' of rice borer damage. However, this year's temperature has risen, and the rice borer has been able to hatch and invade earlier. ”

The past 20 years have been the warmest in 100 years or even 10,000 years. In the main rice areas of China, in recent decades, there have been obvious warm winters, hot autumns, long autumns, and spring droughts, which lead to the prolongation of the activity period of rice borer, the increase of generations, and the increase of overwintering survival rate, which is conducive to population growth.

"The growers who cooperate with us in Jiagu, under the guidance of the company, have done super dowry medicine before transplanting seedlings, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of field rice blast and rice borer insect pests. ”

Speaking of this, Du Weimin is also quite depressed: "Unfortunately, not all farmers cooperate with us, and the decentralized operation has caused a large number of rural areas to be delayed and some fields to be neglected. In addition, many farmers do not grasp the insect situation, so they cannot apply pesticides in a timely manner, resulting in delayed treatment, missing the appropriate period of medication, or the wrong varieties of pesticides, the effect is sharply reduced. As a result, the number of insect populations is staggering, and it has become an important source of insects. ”

"Rice borer larvae can be transferred to harm, and many cultivated areas that have reached cooperation with us are now also facing the threat of rice borer disasters......

Qi Zheng couldn't help but support his forehead, he was really afraid of his pig-like teammates, it was too pitiful.

"I don't know if I don't check, I'm shocked when I check. Take Jiangyou Province as an example, the average number of eggs per hectare in early rice fields last year was 30,000, an increase of eight times compared with 97 years, indicating that the hidden danger of rice borer pests is quite large, and it is simply terrible. As soon as Du Weimin analyzed the government's information, he saw that there were serious problems.

In this regard, Dong Qijun, the owner of the rice field, has a deep understanding that "when the rice borer pest broke out, the damage to rice was unprecedentedly serious, and some fields were shocking. A considerable part of the severely damaged fields look like autumn reed flats, but it is difficult to see the healthy ears. ”

"Just the year before last, the fourth generation of the second generation of borer in our province occurred, and the rice harvest area was thousands of hectares. Because there are too many larvae of the two borers, not only can the rice not be harvested, but also the straw cannot be used as forage, so there are not a few farmers who have been affected by the disaster. ”

The big outbreak of rice borer is not accidental.

Rice farming system is an important factor affecting the population growth and decline of rice borer. In recent years, drastic changes have taken place in the rice farming system in China's main rice areas. Specifically, the area of double-cropping rice has decreased, the area of single-cropping rice has expanded, a large proportion of "four rice" and "five rice" mixed planting layout has appeared in the pure double-cropping rice area, and the "bridge field" of rice borer food and habitat has increased, resulting in a sharp rebound and even an outbreak of the number of three chemical borers.

Rice varieties also significantly affected the occurrence of rice borer. The widely hybridized rice vigorously promoted in China is the most suitable for the boring feeding, growth and development of rice borer.

Even if it is conventional rice, the main varieties are of good quality, rich in nutrition, late maturing, and have a longer growth period in the whole season, which is very conducive to the growth and development of rice borer larvae and their pupation - such as "Jia Indica No. 1" promoted by Jiagu.

So in a sense, rice borers are man-made pests.

According to the food chain view, the positive and negative forces that determine the number of biological populations are "life" and "death".

Since humans have inadvertently fallen for such a rich food from rice borers, it is not surprising that they eat more, give birth to more, and grow faster. "Death" comes from the inhibition force, and the main lethal factor of rice borer is mainly manual control.

It is a pity that since the reform and opening up, the planting method of the household contract responsibility system has greatly promoted the development of China's agriculture, but the overall level of insect control has declined significantly.

Decentralized operation has led to a decline in the overall level of pest control in rural areas—first of all, the transmission of insect information is not in place.

"I still remember that in the 70s, a national team of peasant plant protection workers emerged from Jiangnan Province and the 'two checks and two determinations' -- checking the density of insects and determining the target fields for control, and checking the development progress to determine the appropriate period for prevention and control; Dong Qijun regretfully recalled the past.

Nowadays, with hundreds of thousands to hundreds of thousands of households in a county, and the scale of each household is a few tenths of a hectare, no one can generally notify and guide the insect situation in a timely manner - from this point of view, the times are not always advancing.

Du Weimin is still angry about Jiagu being implicated, "decentralized operation is not conducive to the application of ecological control technology......"

After the field is divided into households, the decentralized operation leads to a single control method, and even the abuse of chemical pesticides.

At present, a variety of types and high-dose insecticides are frequently used, and the types even include highly toxic and highly toxic dichlorvos and other mixtures.

Most seriously, these pesticides are basically used without technical guidance, and their insect control effects and risks are obvious.

Dong Qijun said calmly: "Treating pesticide residues will cause a serious decline in rice quality." In fact, even I don't eat home-grown japonica rice, I'd rather eat indica rice that doesn't taste good. Because japonica rice is late rice, there is more medicine to treat borer, while indica rice is early rice and less medicine. ”

According to Dong Qijun, he is not alone, in many rice areas, livestock products have a serious problem of excessive pesticide residues, because japonica rice is the main feed.

However, those biological, agricultural, information chemical and other ecological control measures with good environmental and social benefits generally require large-scale unified action. Due to the time-consuming and laborious organization and coordination, it is often impossible to organize or difficult to implement, and as a result, chemical poisoning agents are popular, which not only causes frequent outbreaks of target pests and rice borer, but also causes potential pests such as rice leaf borer to rise sharply, accelerating the vicious circle.

In this regard, Qi Zheng waved his hand and said, "It's useless to talk more now." However, an outbreak of pests is not the same as a disaster, and a disaster is an outbreak and loss of control. Our top priority is to prevent the rice borer from getting out of control. Otherwise, once an insect plague occurs, this season of rice will be lost. ”

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