Chapter 414: Where is the "Glue Ball".
Although these words came out of the mouth of Cross.
It was also the intern he himself mentioned who was not an intern.
But in the face of Chen Zhou's rhetorical question of repeating this sentence, Cross looked a little embarrassed.
He can't tell Chen Zhou clearly, saying that he is miscellaneous, right?
Chen Zhou looked at Cross strangely and called, "Professor Cross?"
Cross came back to his senses and explained with a strange expression, "That's it...... Internship, you know?"
Chen Zhou nodded and asked, "You mean interns during the internship period?"
Cross nodded hurriedly: "Yes, yes, that's what it means!"
Chen Zhouhu glanced at Cross suspiciously, and said casually: "I didn't expect SLAC to have such rules, did you actually come for two internship periods?"
"Ahem......" Cross said instead of continuing the topic, "let's go meet Professor Friedman now, the examination of the experiment is basically done." ”
When Chen Zhou heard this, he followed Cross to find Friedman.
Cross's mission is not just to take Chen Zhou around.
He took Chen Zhou to learn about the experimental device, and also learned about the device inspection before the experiment.
At this point, it's time to report back to Friedman.
Chen Zhou and Cross find Friedman in the control room.
Before Cross could speak, Friedman took out something first.
This thing was given to Chen Zhou, but it made Cross extremely embarrassed and puzzled.
"Chen Zhou, this is your work card. ”
Chen Zhou took the work card handed over by Friedman and glanced at it.
This is not what Cross is talking about as an intern.
Not even an intern.
Directly a research assistant!
As for whose assistant it is, it goes without saying.
However, Chen Zhou simply said "thank you" to Friedman, and did not grab Cross and say anything about it.
Turning his head, Friedman began to ask Cross about the inspection of the device before the experiment began.
Cross replied truthfully.
Friedman nodded slightly: "Then start the experiment on time according to the plan!"
Cross looked serious, "Okay, Professor Friedman. ”
The official start of the experiment was set at 11 a.m.
As for why it is easier to succeed at this point near noon, it is said that the experiment at this point is more successful.
Of course, this is a bit metaphysical.
Before the experiment began, Chen Zhou carefully observed everything in the control room.
Whether it's a particle emission button or a signal collector for feedback devices.
Chen Zhou looked at it very carefully.
They all correspond to the impressions in my mind one by one.
The so-called positron collider is a device that causes positrons and electrons to collide.
It accelerates all kinds of particles, such as protons, electrons, and the like, to extremely high energies.
Then, the particles bombard the stationary target.
By studying the various reactions generated when high-energy particles collide with the target particles, the properties of their reactions are studied.
Such as discovering new particles, observing new phenomena, etc.
Speaking of which, in nature, there is also a mechanism of positive and negative electron collisions.
In the falling meteorite, there is.
It is also an example of science discovering nature, and nature verifying science.
As for the idea of the birth of the collider, it was based on traffic accidents.
A car in a traffic accident that hit a car parked on the side of the road.
A large part of the energy of the collision is consumed to "make the car parked on the side of the road rush forward", and the power of the collision is not large enough.
Based on this, if two high-speed cars driving in opposite directions collide head-on, the force of the collision will be many times greater.
It has to be said that science also comes from life.
Shortly after 11 a.m., all the staff returned to the control room.
Everyone looked nervously at Friedman, who was about to press the launch button.
SLAC has been preparing for this experiment for a long time.
It was also a significant experiment.
If the "rubber ball" can be successfully discovered, SLAC will surely return to the forefront of particle physics.
Even if it is pulled away by CERN quite a bit, it will at least provide the courage to catch up.
As the countdown ended, Friedman slowly pressed the button on the generator.
Experimentation is the beginning!
Everyone's eyes also shifted from Friedman's body to the console.
Here, the phenomena and experimental data in the experimental equipment will be transmitted back.
Chen Zhou is the same, this may be a moment to witness history.
Although this hope, only a faint point.
The current Standard Model of particle physics has been told.
The elementary particles in the world can be divided into three categories, namely quarks, leptons, and mediums that transmit interactions.
And the interactions between particles are well known, electromagnetic interactions, weak interactions, strong interactions, and gravitational interactions.
Gravity plays a vital role in the macrocosm of the world.
But in the microscopic world, the effect of gravity is very weak.
In the medium of transmission interaction, according to the unified theory of weak electricity, the Higgs mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking of the SU(2)XU(1) localized norm is used.
So that the three gauge bosons corresponding to the broken symmetry gain a large mass, and they become intermediate bosons W±, Z, which transmit short-range weak interactions??。
And the boson corresponding to the remaining symmetry is a massless photon that transmits electromagnetic interactions.
Under quantum chromodynamics QCD, gluons are the mediums that transmit strong interactions.
Gluons act like "glues" that "glue" quarks together to form mesons and baryons.
At the same time, the gluons themselves can also gather into a lump to form a binding state of gluons, that is, rubber balls.
To put it bluntly, the rubber ball does not contain quark components, and is a pure glue "element".
Quantum chromodynamics, quantum summation rules, and lattice quanta all predict the existence of glue balls, mixed states, and polyquark states.
But whether the rubber ball really exists has also become a litmus test of whether the theory is correct.
For rubber balls, according to the results of theoretical calculations, the mass range of ground state scalar rubber balls is approximately distributed in the range of 1000~1800 MeV.
The mass of the tensor and pseudo-balls is distributed in the higher mass range.
As a research hotspot, there are not too many theoretical articles on calculating and calculating rubber balls.
Moreover, there are many methods and ways of calculation.
But no matter what the method and approach, as far as the literature and materials Chen Zhou has read are concerned.
Most of the calculations give approximate results.
That is, the quality of the rubber ball should be between 1000~1800MeV.
Moreover, the theoretical study of the surface, through the existing collider technology, is fully capable of reaching the level of energy that the rubber ball can be generated.
However, it is still difficult to detect whether the rubber ball can really be detected due to the detection method.
Chen Zhou thinks that this is probably one of the reasons why Friedman is the person in charge of this experiment.
As an experienced and leading Nobel laureate, Friedman has the ability to improve the way he detects.
Chen Zhou's eyes were staring at the device on the console tightly, and he didn't even dare to blink.
He was afraid that he had missed some crucial information.
It's the kind of detail that is hidden deep in the data and is the most easily overlooked.
Although the time chosen for this experiment was at 11 a.m.
But this experiment started quickly and ended quickly.
It doesn't affect everyone to go to lunch.
As for the results of the experiment, which everyone cared about, no one dared to say the answer with certainty.
Because from the nature of the particles, it is not possible to determine this answer very well.
That is, the question of "where is the glue ball" has not yet been solved.
This is actually the result of everyone's earlier and more guesses.
This is because in experiments, the accuracy of unstable composite particles, which are usually recognized, is about 10 MeV/c^2.
However, it is not possible to determine the properties of the particles precisely.
In many experiments, some possible particles are detected.
But they are considered suspicious in some studies.
It can only be said that, although the evidence is unequivocal, some candidate particle resonance states.
Probably, glue balls.