Chapter 58: Shanghai New Area (11)
The first episode mainly introduces the big aspects, while the second episode enters the Shandong region of the club.
First of all, it is to introduce the land situation in Shandong, because the traveler has done a lot of investigations, so a large number of detailed data can be enumerated, such as the proportion of the number of landlords and peasants, the proportion of land owned by landlords and the proportion of land owned by peasants, the proportion of yeoman farmers and tenant farmers, the proportion of peasants' harvest and expenditure, etc., and all of them are expressed in the form of charts and animations, which are vivid and interesting, and make people deeply impressed.
Moreover, a large number of data show that the phenomenon of land annexation in Shandong is very serious, with landlords who account for less than 10 percent of the population owning more than 70 percent of the land, while the number of yeoman farmers only accounts for more than 20 percent of the total number of peasants; because the government does not dare to levy taxes on the landlords, it can only raise the tax amount by a large margin, and also levies taxes on tenant farmers, but the errand servants handle it from the middle, further increasing the burden on the peasants; and after the government, the errand service, After the landlords' exploitation at all levels, the tenant peasants had to hand over at least about 70 percent of their labor income; but despite this, the annual tax that the government could receive was still extremely low, and the taxes received by the counties such as Jiaozhou, Gaomi, and Jimo were only a few hundred taels of silver each year.
If you just watched the last episode, there is still a little relaxation, when you see this, many people's hearts are heavy, although many people know that the harm of land annexation is great, but China has always not paid attention to the statistics of data, so the harm is to what extent, but it can only rely on imagination, in the last episode of the film to introduce land annexation led to the demise of the dynasty, some people still think it is alarmist, but now the data listed is a real show, the harm of land annexation, far beyond people's imagination. Although everyone knows that the overseas Chinese analyze the harm of land annexation in detail and find rationality for the land system they have promoted, they have to admit that the land system that has been circulating in China for more than 2,000 years really needs to be changed.
The film goes on to cite several examples of large landlords in Shandong, of course, all of whom are bullies who brutally exploit and oppress the peasants, and several of them have attacked the traverser in the newspaper.
The film uses a large number of live-action shots, the landlord eats chickens, ducks and fish, wears silk and satin, lives in a spacious and tall courtyard with white walls and gray tiles, and the furniture used is all exquisite and beautiful, and is leisurely every day; The depressing picture effect, and in the picture, it is also interspersed with interviews with some famous villagers, through these yellow-faced muscles, full of wind and frost, at a glance you know that it is the personal narration of people living in extreme poverty, to expose the exploitation and oppression of the peasants by the landlords, some people say that they were killed by the landlords, and when their wives are separated, they can't help crying.
In addition, there are also some scenes showing the landlord's oppression of the peasants, such as forcibly collecting rent from the peasants and snatching the last bit of surplus grain or property from the peasants' families; forcibly forcing the peasants to buy land to pay off their debts, or arresting the peasants' sons and daughters to pay their debts; arresting the peasants who cannot repay their debts and taking them into their own homes and torturing them; there is even a close-up of the landlord feeding the meat that he can't eat to his own dog, and a peasant child stealing half of the meat from the dog's food bowl to eat, and after being discovered by the landlord, he beats him violently, what else?" Don't cry poor in front of the master, there can be three taels of oil in the stone, let alone people", "That can't be done, you have to do it according to the contract, and the landlord's family has no surplus grain!", "If I don't ask you for money, do you want my family to drink the northwest wind", "The dogs of the old man's family are also more noble than you mud-legged people" and other extremely hateful lines.
Of course, these shots are performed and filmed by the traverser's organization, and it is also the part that takes the most effort and time, because there are basically no professional actors in the traverser, and many of them are local farmers to appear, although they are acting in their true colors, but after all, there is still a considerable difference between them and the real performance, from the perspective of the traverser, these performances are obviously a bit contrived, and they can be seen at a glance to be fake, but in this era, even if this kind of performance is very low-level in the old time and space, the lethality is still extremely huge, and everyone knows that such a thing may be different in details, but it is generally true, so many people shook their heads and sighed.
Through land reform, the peasants have their own land and no longer have to pay rent to the landlords, so that not only the government's income increases, but also the peasants' own harvest is far higher than before, and after the government's fiscal revenue increases, it also has money to build water conservancy, develop agricultural production, improve public facilities, and invest in the development of industry and commerce, so as to promote the development of the entire social economy.
At the same time, it also tells about the treatment of the landlord, the traverser is not blindly suppressing the landlord, only the landlord who is angry with the people, is light and harsh to the peasants, or refuses to obey the landlord of the land system of the traverser, will be strongly suppressed, and for the general landlord, as long as the excess land is honestly handed over, not only can ensure the safety of the whole family, but also the non-land property can be retained, and can get a certain amount of compensation, and the traverser will also guide them to invest in industry, start construction of factories, and invest funds in industry and commerce.
The picture of the film reflects the joy and joy of the peasants after obtaining their own land; they are full of enthusiasm to work in the fields, and they are resting and comfortable in the fields; the crops in the fields are growing vigorously; the traversers command and organize the peasants to dig ditches and ditches, build water conservancy, and the schools and factories opened by the traversers, and so on, and there are also some scenes of chatting and laughing and living in harmony between the landlords and the traversers who have handed over the land, and the colors of the pictures are also bright and bright, showing a vigorous and prosperous appearance.
When the film is completely over, the audience is full of thoughts and mixed feelings, some people have completely agreed with the land policy of the traversers, and have become the staunchest supporters of land reform, these people are mainly students and young people, because they are still young, so they are simple-minded, there are not so many interests entangled, and they are full of enthusiasm and drive, as long as there is a reason to convince them, they will be immediately recognized; and there are still people who still oppose the land policy of the traversers, but they can't find a reason to oppose them, most of these people are elderly, and their families have a lot of land, and the landlords shown in the film oppress, the means of exploiting the peasants, I have done some in the past, and I have a feeling that I have been exposed.
There is also a group of people who still do not agree with the land policy of the traverser emotionally, after all, it is difficult to get their approval for this practice of confiscating the landlord's land by coercive means, but intellectually they also have to admit that the current land system does have major defects, if it is not changed, the consequences will be unimaginable, but they can't think of how to change, it seems that only the land system of overseas Chinese does still have some feasible points, if not to use coercive means, but to use moderate means would be good, but they also know that this is an impossible thing, because without coercive means, will the landlords honestly hand over the land?
After the end of the film, everyone also got a free book, that is, the "Shandong Land Reform Report", the content is basically the same as the feature film, but it is more detailed, and there are more figures and examples listed, which further strengthens the persuasiveness of land reform with the huge influence caused by the film.
But in any case, the counterattack of the traverser finally kicked off, and then every morning and afternoon, a screening of [Shandong Land Reform] was arranged, and all of them were free tickets, and people from all walks of life in Shanghai were invited to watch and understand the land system implemented by the traverser.
The form of expression of the film is indeed very infectious, after three or four days, although the voices in favor of the land reform of the traverser have not increased too much, but the momentum of the speech attacking the traverser's land reform has obviously weakened. The scenes of the exploitation of the peasants left an extremely deep impression on people, and these people are naturally representatives, especially several of them are named in the movie.
As a result, many people think that although it is inappropriate for overseas Chinese to confiscate the land of landlords by coercive means, the behavior of these landlords is even more outrageous, and the confiscation of land is also self-inflicted, and it is no wonder that others are no wonder. Moreover, some people have already published articles in newspapers strongly criticizing the cruel oppression of the peasants by some landlords, and under such circumstances, it is natural that no one will speak out for the landlords at this time.
Moreover, Shanghai is one of the few developed industries and commerce in China in this era, and there is very little agriculture, and even there is almost no agriculture, most of the industrial and commercial people do not have too persistent pursuit of land, after all, the benefits of investing in industry and commerce are far greater than occupying a large piece of land and only collecting land rent, so they also agree with the evil consequences of land annexation pointed out in the film.
Although the industrialists and merchants of Shanghai also owned a large amount of land in their hometowns or villages, this was only a result of a traditional habit, but they did not really rely on the land, or only to settle the tribesmen, so that they would not interfere in their own business, and it was of course much easier to collect land taxes than to manage business. The attitude of the traverser who only collects land, but does not infringe on the interests of industrial and commercial people, and actively develops industry and commerce, has also been quite recognized.
In this way, the traverser can basically be sure that he has won this public opinion war, and after this public opinion war, the traverser can basically have a group of fixed supporters in Shanghai, and it is not so easy for someone to attack the traverser with public opinion.