Chapter 72 [Agreement] and [Declaration]
As for the agreement between the two sides to exchange colonies, although East China ** and Germany have this intention, the operation of the club is quite troublesome. Because both sides must first examine each other's colonies to determine that they want to get the other party's colonial land, and at the same time, the land that the two sides want to exchange must also have a reciprocal value, if it does not have the same value, it is necessary to negotiate compensation, so now East China and Germany can only reach a preliminary intention to agree with us, and the operation of the club can only wait for the end of this visit, and then arrange other personnel to negotiate and negotiate.
The German mission stayed in Qingdao for a total of 22 days, and the two sides held more than 10 talks, covering political, economic, military, cultural and other aspects, and most of the talks basically reached unanimous agreements or agreements of intent. Finally, the [East China**-Qingdao Friendship Agreement] was signed, and the [East China**-Qingdao Declaration of Germany] was jointly issued. Most of the content of the talks between the two sides was embodied in the [Agreement] and [Declaration], and clearly defined the relationship between the two sides as a comprehensive cooperative partnership, which set the tone for the political relations between East China and Germany.
However, there are also a few talks, such as military cooperation and exchange of colonies, which are private between the two countries and cannot be put on the table, so they will not be reflected in the [agreement] and [declaration].
Of course, the visit of the German mission to East China has also attracted the attention of the whole world, because it is the first important foreign affairs activity after the victory of East China in the Far East War, and it is also a sensitive period when Britain, France, Japan and Russia are gradually approaching and forming an alliance. After all, the two sides of this visit, Germany and East China, Britain, France, Japan and Russia are not very good, East China, of course, needless to say, has just fought with these four countries, and the four countries have been defeated, reparations for reparations, land for land cession, and Germany and Britain, France and Russia are almost in a hostile relationship, only the relationship with Japan is acceptable, so Germany sent a mission to visit East China at this time It is difficult not to wonder whether the two sides will form an alliance at this time against the union of Britain, France, Japan and Russia.
Britain, France, Japan, and Russia are naturally very nervous about this visit, so once Germany and East China conclude an alliance, it will inevitably cause tremendous pressure on the four countries. Germany is the world's first industrial power and the second economic power, and has a strong military power, and at the same time has such a hardcore ally as Austria-Hungary, Britain and France in the past 10 years, it can be said that they have worked hard and made compromises to build a three-power entente in Europe aimed at suppressing Germany, forming a strategic advantage over Germany, which will also come to naught.
Russia is the country that lost the worst in the Far East War, not only paid a large amount of reparations to East China, but also lost a large number of strategic points in the Far East, which can be said to be a great loss of vitality, so it had to compromise with Britain, on the one hand, it was unable to compete with Britain, on the other hand, it was also to find a friend, after all, after the defeat in the Far East, Russia could only return to the European direction, although Russia and Germany had no conflict of interest, but Austria-Hungary has always had fierce interest competition in the Balkans, and behind Austria-Hungary is Germany.
Russia eventually withdrew from the Three Emperors Alliance and chose to ally with France, that is, because Germany would basically choose to support Austria-Hungary between Austria-Hungary and Russia. But if East China and Germany form an alliance, plus Austria-Hungary, Russia will be caught in the middle of the East and the West, and such a situation will naturally be extremely unfavorable to Russia.
Although Japan's losses in the Far East War were a little better than Russia's, but also paid a heavy price, and because Japan's national strength is weak, it is actually a big injury, and Britain, France and Russia are all in Europe, and they can still take care of each other, only Japan is alone in the Far East, facing the pressure of East China alone, if East China and Germany form an alliance again, although Germany is unlikely to fight in Asia, but it can be a strong foreign aid in East China, Japan may never turn over.
Therefore, during the visit of the German mission to East China, Britain, France, Japan and Russia paid close attention to the visit on the one hand, and on the other hand, they also continued to consult with each other on countermeasures. However, it is clear that none of the four countries have the ability to influence East China** and Germany, so although there are many consultations, they cannot come up with any useful solutions.
However, after the signing of the [Agreement] and the [Declaration] between East China and Germany, Britain and France were also slightly relieved, because both countries have carefully studied the content of the [Agreement] and the [Declaration], although East China and Germany have determined that the relationship between the two sides is a comprehensive cooperative partnership, but they have not found any content about military agreements and strategic alliances, which also shows that the [Agreement] and [Declaration] signed by East China ** and Germany, whether it is a comprehensive cooperative partnership, are not military alliances.
As long as it is not a military alliance, it means that East China and Germany have not really joined hands to deal with Britain, France, Japan and Russia, of course, Britain has not signed an alliance treaty with France and Russia, and has only signed a friendship agreement, but in the past, Britain and France, Russia has many strategic conflicts of interest, and in the friendship agreement, both sides have made compromises, concessions and exchange of interests to resolve or ease the strategic conflicts of interest between them, so after the signing of the friendship agreement, it can actually mean that Britain, France, and Russia have put aside the past contradictions, and the main spearhead is aimed at Germany.
East China and Germany do not have any conflicts of interest, and the relationship between them in the past is not bad, so even the actual significance of signing a friendship agreement is much worse than that of Britain signing friendship agreements with France and Russia.
However, Britain and France should not be taken lightly because of this, first of all, East China and Germany do have the basis for concluding a military alliance, but the conclusion of a military alliance is not a simple matter, and the two sides need to conduct many communications and consultations, so the signing of a friendship agreement can also be called the first step in concluding a military alliance. And if Britain, France, Japan, and Russia do not take measures and allow East China and Germany to develop like this, then there is a high probability that the friendship agreement between East China and Germany will develop into a military alliance.
In fact, Britain and France have rich experience in dealing with this kind of thing, and the prerequisite for concluding a military alliance is that both sides must have a strong sense of insecurity, since they are two countries like East China and Germany, which are far apart, so as long as the insecurity of one of the parties is eliminated, then the military alliance cannot be concluded.
Of course, the so-called elimination of insecurity here is to make concessions to it, so that it does not feel threatened, and between East China ** and Germany, it is obvious that East China ** can only be chosen as a breakthrough, because it is impossible for Britain and France to make concessions to Germany.
Of course, although East China won the Far East War, it still has a lot of things, and the first thing to deal with is the Qing court, which is not a secret, because East China has publicly announced that it wants to overthrow the Qing court and unify China, so once Britain, France, Japan and Russia show goodwill to East China, East China will definitely accept it.
Now Britain and France can adopt the best way to show goodwill, that is, to strengthen economic and trade exchanges with East China, expand the scale of each other's economy, since the establishment of East China, has always attached importance to the development of the economy, and the development of economic and trade relations with other countries, which is also the biggest difference between East China and the Qing court. The expansion of the economic scale between the two countries means that a large number of interests will be generated, and these interests can eliminate the insecurity of East China; secondly, this is also beneficial to Britain and France, after all, East China has become a trend, and it will certainly be a pivotal economy in the Far East in the future, Britain and France are both countries based on commerce, and it is impossible to ignore such a huge regional economy. As a result, Britain and France decided to immediately hold commercial and trade negotiations with East China to expand their economic and trade exchanges and economic scale. At the same time, he also demanded that Russia and Japan not have a conflict with East China at this time, and even make some concessions in order to maintain a certain amount of good relations with East China.
Of course, Russia and Japan have no objections, after all, neither country has the ability to directly confront East China, and it also takes time and a relatively peaceful environment to restore national strength, so temporary concessions can also be considered.
Of course, Britain and France will not only show goodwill, will only make concessions, otherwise the two countries will not be able to dominate the world for more than 100 years, it is necessary to show goodwill and concessions to East China, but it is also necessary to restrict East China, and China cannot be allowed to expand in Asia without scruples, and Britain and France also believe that it is not difficult to restrict East China, because the Qing court is the best starting point, that is, it can support the Qing court and create trouble for East China; The overthrow of the Qing court and the unification of China only saw that it would be more beneficial to Britain and France in that way.
However, Britain and France also knew that the Qing court could only play a certain role in restraining East China, and it was impossible to really restrict the development of East China, after all, compared with the vigorous East China, the Qing court was too corrupt. And the way to better contain East China is to formulate rules. That is, to hold an international conference, at which some international rules are formulated, and these international rules are used to restrict East China**. This was a tried-and-true tactic for Britain and France, the most recent of which was the Algeciras Conference in Spain, which successfully resolved the first Moroccan crisis. Of course, it is not a simple matter to hold an international conference, and it requires multi-faceted communication and coordination to make the international conference go according to its own plan, but for Britain and France, this is the most effective way.