Chapter 126 Tianjin Conference (II)
Another title of Li Songchen's report is "Several Opinions on the Survey of Rural Conditions in Tianjin to Build Rural Areas". Although it was mainly written by Li Songchen, the signatures were Li Songchen, Wang Sheng, and Zeng Dong.
It turned out that all three investigation teams had submitted an investigation report to the Interim Executive Committee after completing their respective investigations. After reading these three reports, the five permanent executive committee members were also very satisfied, and among them, the report submitted by Li Songchen was the most auspicious and comprehensive, because he not only explained the rural situation in Tianjin, but also put forward some opinions on the construction and management of rural areas.
Therefore, the Provisional Executive Committee immediately met with the three of them, and not only decided to establish the Ministry of Agriculture, but also appointed Li Songchen as Minister of Agriculture, Wang Sheng and Zeng Dong as Vice Ministers, and asked them to merge the contents of the three investigation reports and write a new report for discussion at the enlarged meeting of the Provisional Executive Committee. So the three of them got together again, and Li Songchen took the lead in writing and completed a new report overnight.
The report first listed a number of figures to illustrate the current rural situation in Tianjin, the economic situation of large landlords, small landlords, yeoman farmers, tenant farmers, and so on. Although the burden of tenant farmers is relatively heavy, because the commerce in Tianjin is relatively developed, and the establishment of the concession has objectively promoted the urbanization process of Tianjin, and not only provided rich materials for the Tianjin area, but also provided relatively more employment opportunities for the peasants, which can make up for their lives. Therefore, the contradictions between the land and between the peasants and the landlords in Tianjin were relatively eased and did not develop to the point of intensification in an all-round way.
However, the outbreak of the Eight-Nation Alliance's war of aggression against China not only intensified the contradictions between peasants and foreigners in Tianjin, but also broke the balance and normal order in Tianjin, resulting in a large loss of agricultural population, the abandonment of a large amount of farmland, and the complete disruption of the rural system. This gave the crossing group the opportunity to redistribute land and establish a new order in the Tianjin area. Moreover, the successive victories of the Crossing Army in defeating the Eight-Nation Alliance, recovering Tianjin City, and the Tianjin Concession, coupled with strict military discipline, also left a good impression on the peasants in Tianjin, which are all advantages of the Crossing Group.
Therefore, Li Songchen suggested that five to eight working groups should be set up immediately, each with about 10 people, to be protected by a squad of fighters, and dispersed to work in the rural areas around Tianjin, and the content of the work would include four aspects:
First, use the existing captives to help the current peasants carry out the autumn harvest, and from the autumn harvest of the ownerless fields, the obtained grain can be distributed to the peasants and a part can be kept by themselves, so that they can not only win the support and sense of belonging of the peasants to the crossing group, but also increase the grain reserves of the crossing group itself.
Second, the remaining villages should be recombined and rebuilt, new houses should be built for the peasants, and new villages should be formed, and the newly built houses could be given to the peasants to live in first, and the repayment could be made in annual installments, so that the clan system in the rural areas could be broken, and the rural grassroots administrative management system could be established, and the working group could first assume responsibility for the administrative management of the rural areas, and then gradually transition to the establishment of its own management system by the villages.
3. Redistribute the land, collect all the ownerless land into the possession of the crossing group, and then lease the land to the peasants for cultivation according to uniform conditions, and try to find people with cultivation experience in the crossing group, and study and improve the cultivation technology, and the long-term intention is to manufacture new, automated agricultural furniture and produce chemical fertilizers to increase the yield of crops per acre. At the same time, a tax system acceptable to farmers should be formulated to ensure that the burden on farmers is reduced, and that the group has a stable source of financial income.
Fourth, gradually establish a guarantee system in the rural areas to ensure the ruling foundation of the crossing group in the rural areas, and if Tianjin City is abandoned in the future, or even the concession area, the crossing group can still rely on the rural areas to continue to exist in the Tianjin area.
The report on "Several Opinions on the Investigation of Rural Conditions in Tianjin with a Purpose of Building Rural Areas" caused quite a lot of controversy at the meeting.
Of course, the reorganization of the countryside, the redistribution of land, There is no objection to the establishment of a grassroots management system, because from the experience gained in the old time and space, these things are indispensable, and the controversy mainly focuses on two points: one is to collect all the ownerless land as owned by the crossing group and then lease it to the peasants for cultivation, because now there is a large loss of peasants in Tianjin, and there is a large amount of ownerless land, if all these lands are taken over by the crossing group, how to deal with the future farmers who come back and ask for land from the crossing group; in addition, how to deal with the existing peasants' own land, whether to forcibly collect these lands as the crossing group, if not forcibly collected, it means public land, the coexistence of private land, whether it will affect.
Second, at the end of Li Songchen's report, it was mentioned that in the future, it was possible to withdraw from Tianjin City or even the concession, which aroused the dissatisfaction of many people, because in the eyes of many people, the occupied places could never be withdrawn, and some people even shouted at the meeting that wherever the flag of the crossing group was planted, the flag should not be allowed to fall.
However, Li Songchen was prepared for these controversies, so he was able to answer them calmly. For the first question, Li Songchen first explained that the current situation in Tianjin is that there are few people and more land, and the existing number of peasants cannot digest all the land in Tianjin at all, and the distribution of the remaining land can be centrally managed and cultivated by the crossing group.
If ordinary peasants come back to Tianjin, they can be organized to re-establish the village and grassroots management system, and lease the land to them for farming, which is similar to what they used to do. And if the big or small landlords come back, they can only rent the land that has become a crossing group like other farmers, but if they want to return their former land, they don't even think about it. Because these lands can be regarded as being taken back from the Eight-Nation Alliance by the Crossing Group, if you want land, you can go to the Eight-Nation Alliance to ask for it.
As for the issue of land ownership, for the time being, the coexistence of public land and private land will be maintained, but the future development goal will definitely be to collect all land into public ownership. At present, the sale of private land is only prohibited, and can only be purchased by the crossing group, but it is not compulsorily purchased, after all, the crossing group has not yet established sufficient prestige, but has set up rural cooperation and mutual aid organizations among the farmers who lease land, and the crossing group provides them with guidance on cultivation technology and leases advanced agricultural furniture, so that the farmers who own land consciously and voluntarily transfer their land to the crossing group.
In response to the second question, Li Songchen's explanation is that this is just an assumption of his own, although he does not want to give up the place he occupies, but it is difficult for anyone to predict what will happen in the future, so there is also the possibility that under some special circumstances, Tianjin will be ceded, such as if the exchange of interests, or to concentrate forces, etc., there may be a situation of giving up Tianjin City and Tianjin Concession, but as long as it can take root in the countryside, it can maintain the existence of the crossing group in Tianjin.
Although there are still a few people who are stubborn and stubborn, firmly believing that the land system violates the principle of the inviolability of private property, and no matter what the reason, not an inch of land can be conceded, but after all, the number of people is too small to play a big role, so the report prepared by Li Songchen and others was also adopted, and the composition and work plan of the working group were arranged by the Ministry of Agriculture.
At this time, the enlarged meeting of the Interim Executive Committee was officially concluded, and then Wang Yunpeng and Xu Jichao co-chaired a meeting of the Administration Department to formulate the work plans of each department in detail.
Xia Bohai, Qin Zheng, and Xiao Jianjun presided over the meeting of the Military Commission to improve the structure of the Military Commission.
First of all, the Military Commission set up three departments: the Operational Command Department, the Equipment Logistics Department, and the Political Department, with Xiao Jianjun in charge of the Operational Command Department, Xia Bohai in charge of the Assembly Logistics Department, and Qin Zheng in charge of the Political Department.
In addition, under the operational command, the Navy Department and the War Department were set up, with Shang Jinfeng, commander of the Kunming warship, serving as the chief of the navy, Wang Hailong, captain of the Yueyang warship, serving as deputy minister; Zhu Yaping, commander of the Marine Corps, and Qin Yuhai as vice minister of the War Department, and all the marines were transferred to the army.
Originally, some people suggested that the existing helicopters and unmanned reconnaissance planes should be pooled and then set up an air force department, but they were vetoed by Xia Bohai, Qin Zheng, and Xiao Jianjun; after all, such a practice did not make much sense, so the helicopters and unmanned reconnaissance planes were still owned by the navy and belonged to the naval aviation unit. The Type 05 amphibious combat vehicles and warrior armored vehicles carried by the crossing troops are all classified as belonging to the army. The three H410 civilian helicopters carried by the other three RoPax ships were classified as Army's own, and the Army Aviation Corps was formed with these three helicopters.
At the same time, a military intelligence service has been established to collect military intelligence.
The second is to determine the recruitment of soldiers and expand the size of the army, the first batch of recruited troops planned to form three battalions, according to the three-three system, but the most basic combat squad consisted of twelve people, this was mainly because the rifle firepower of this era was not strong, and it could only be made up by numbers. The standard weapons of the army are the Japanese-made Type 30 Murata rifle and the Hanyang-made Type 88 rifle, which is also the rifle captured by the crossing group so far. However, due to the insufficient number of machine guns and artillery guns currently captured, the three newly established battalions have temporarily devoid of reinforced firepower companies or artillery companies to strengthen their units.
In addition, consideration could be given to recruiting some female soldiers to be responsible for the logistics of the army.
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