Chapter 175: Entering the Power Realm

After the dust settled in the Marr company, Bao Zixuan entered the research and development in the field of power. Now he not only has to complete his thesis on aerodynamics, but also to develop automobile engines, which is very simple for an aeropower engineer.

MIT students finally found some problems in the library, and Bao Zixuan, who had a huge influence in the school, is now back in school. Aside from his usual classes, the place he spends the most time now is in the library.

All the books Bao Zixuan read this time were about engines, and he mainly focused on automobiles and aviation power. It can be said that now is the time when he really enters the profession, and the products he developed before are all for making money. Now it's not just about making money, it's more about a hobby.

The first item to be developed is automobile power, Bao Zixuan has to find a lot of information, fortunately MIT has the best process basic information.

In 1769, the Frenchman N. J. Güniu built a three-wheeled car powered by steam from the combustion of coal gas. But the speed of this car is only 4 kilometers per hour, and it has to stop every 15 minutes to refuel the boiler, which is very troublesome. Later, the car crashed into a brick wall during a march and shattered into pieces.

German engineer Carl Benz successfully tested a two-stroke experimental engine for the first time. In October 1883, he founded the "Benz Company and the Rheingas Engine Plant", and in 1885 he built the first Benz patented motor car in Mannheim, which was a three-wheeled vehicle with a two-stroke, single-cylinder, 0.9 hp gasoline engine, which had some of the basic characteristics of a modern car, such as spark ignition, water-cooled circulation, steel tube frame, leaf spring suspension, rear-wheel drive, front-wheel steering, and brake handlebars. On January 29, 1886, German engineer Carl Benz filed a patent for his motor vehicle. In November of the same year, Karl Benz's three-wheeled motor vehicle was granted a German patent. This is what is recognized as the world's first modern car. For these reasons, 1886 is generally regarded as the first year of the automobile, and some scholars regard the year when Karl Benz built the first three-wheeled car (1885) as the year of the birth of the automobile.

In 1829, James of England invented a steam car with a speed of 25 kilometers per hour, which could be used as a large car. The cars, with bulky boilers and lots of coal, emitted black smoke, polluted the streets, and made rumbling noises, and accidents were frequent. In 1860, the French worker Lunoar invented the internal combustion engine, which used a gas engine of about 1 horsepower to drive the car, but it did not work well. However, the car was created under the influence of this internal combustion engine. Since then, there are many people who want to improve the internal combustion engine and use it in automobiles. In 1882, the German engineer Wilhelmheim Daimler began research on the internal combustion engine. He invented an automatic ignition device for igniting an engine with an electric spark, and then, on the basis of this invention, an excellent gasoline engine was created. At 900 rpm this engine, it is simple and compact, and it can produce a lot of power. In 1883, Daimler completed this gasoline engine, and the following year began to assemble it on two-wheelers, three-wheelers, and four-wheelers, making gasoline-engine cars. In particular, a gasoline-engined four-wheeled cargo car built in 1886 was equipped with an engine with l.5 horsepower and reached a speed of 18 kilometers per hour.

1885 was the year of a decisive breakthrough in the invention of the automobile. Benz, who was at the same plant as Daimler at the time, was also working on automobiles. He succeeded in 1885 when he built a gasoline engine, fitted it to a car, and traveled at a speed of 12 kilometers per hour, almost at the same time as Daimler. In this year, Butler in England also invented the automobile with a gasoline engine. In addition, Bernard of Italy also invented the automobile, and Puchlov and Vlopov of Russia invented the automobile with an internal combustion engine.

The world's first to study an electric car was a fly-by-wire device completed in the laboratory in 1828 by the Hungarian engineer Ányos Jedlik. The first electric car actually built was invented by American Anderson between 1832 and 1839.

The battery used in this electric car is relatively simple and non-rechargeable. In 1899, the German Bolscher invented a hub electric motor to replace the chain drive commonly used in automobiles at the time. subsequently

The Lohner-Porsche electric car was developed, powered by a lead-acid battery and driven directly by an in-wheel electric motor in the front wheels, which was also the first car to bear the Porsche name. At the 1900 Paris Exposition, the car was unveiled under the name Toujours-Contente and became a sensation.

Subsequently, Bolsche also equipped Lohner-Porsche with two in-wheel motors on the rear wheels, thus creating the world's first all-wheel drive electric vehicle. But the battery used in this car is large and heavy, and the top speed is only 60 kilometers per hour. To solve these problems, Bolscher added an internal combustion engine to the electric car in 1902 to generate electricity to drive the in-wheel motor, which was also the world's first hybrid car.

In 1620, the Italian Blanca invented the "counter-attack turbine steam turbine" to drive wheeled vehicles. In 1766, the first industrial revolution began when the British inventor James Watt (1736-1819) improved the steam engine.

The Jesuit Nan Huairen had designed a steam-powered car for the emperor of China in 1672, a 65-centimeter-long toy car that could not carry people or drivers, and it is uncertain whether the designed vehicle was later successful, which may have been the earliest car designed.

In 1769, the French army engineer Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot built the first automobile powered by a steam engine. The steering system failed during the test run and crashed into the wall of the Bunsennu Arsenal, which was the world's first motor vehicle accident. In 1771, Nikolai Joseph Güniu improved the steam car, which could reach speeds of up to 9.5000 meters per hour and tow 4-5 tons of cargo.

In 1794, the Englishman Stoart first proposed the idea of mixing fuel and air into a gas mixture for combustion. In 1796, Italian scientist Walz invented the world's first storage battery, which brought a historic turning point to the birth and development of the automobile. In 1801, the Frenchman Leben proposed the principle of the gas engine.

In 1803, the French engineer Trivico (1771-1833) adopted a new high-pressure steam engine, which could seat 8 people and travel at an average speed of 13 kilometers per hour.

In 1838, the British inventor Hennatt invented the world's first ignition device for internal combustion engines, which was called "a revolution in the history of the world's automobile development".

In 1860, the French electrical engineer Leno made the first gas engine to ignite gas with an electric spark. In 1862, the French electrical engineer Leno developed the two-stroke internal combustion engine. Others began to work on four-stroke engines.

In 1867, the German engineer Nicholos Otto (1832-1891) successfully developed the world's first reciprocating piston four-stroke gas engine. In 1876, Nicholas Otto built the first four-stroke internal combustion engine as a single-cylinder horizontal 3 kW internal combustion engine with a compression ratio of 2.5.

In 1885, it was the moment when the real modern car was born. In that year, the German engineer Carl Benz built a tricycle with a 0.85 hp gasoline engine in Mannheim. This car with an internal combustion engine is considered to be the real first car in the world, because it was the first car that really used gasoline as a power source, not a steam engine.

In 1886, the Mannheim Patent Office granted Carl Benz a patent for his 1885 three-wheeled car, which is known to most as the birth of the modern automobile. The following year, the German Daimler made the world's first four-wheeled car. Later, the German Nikolaus Otto announced that he had given up his patent for a four-stroke engine, which could be made by anyone as he wished.

On January 29, 1886, Carl Benz obtained the world's first patent for an automobile engine. In July of the same year, the world's first four-wheeled car was officially sold. In 1888, French bicycle merchant Émile Rogers obtained a license from Mercedes-Benz and began producing commercial cars.

In this era, these materials can only be found at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bao Zixuan entered the early stage of research and development of automobiles in the library, and some patents to be purchased must also be carried out simultaneously, and now it seems that there is still a long way to go in developing automobiles.

Entering modern civilization, all the patented technologies in the field of engines are in Germany, Britain, France, the United States, RB and a few other countries, and later generations of China are entering the 21st century in many fields to achieve corner overtaking. However, in the field of aviation power and automobile power, it still cannot catch up with developed countries.

The automobile industry is related to a country's comprehensive industrial strength, and the engine is the most demanding in this regard. However, there is still a great lack of basic materials, and it seems that it is still necessary to cooperate with the Soviets. In the field of basic materials, the Soviets have always been strong, there is just no room for play.

The excellent alloys of the Soviets are more used in the military field, and now Bao Zixuan should be feasible if he proposes cooperation. However, there is also a troublesome thing, once the Soviet Union sends troops to Afghanistan, there will be many restrictions on the Soviet Union in the international community.

The Black Cloud Group imported a large amount of its raw materials when the Soviet Union was under sanctions, and would provide the Soviet Union with a lot of foreign exchange. In that case, the United States will be very unhappy, and Bao Zixuan will definitely be unlucky at that time, and now it seems that he can only use this year to buy as many raw materials as possible. After the sanctions, there are stocks that can cope with it for a while. When the rumors are not so tight, he is smuggling a part, and now it seems that it is too difficult to rely on one person and one company to develop cars, but this is not a reason for Bao Zixuan to give up.

If you want to become an automotive giant, it is simply impossible without patent licensing. Now the car patents are in the hands of these car giants, and if they can't get it, it will be very difficult in the future. It seems that there are still a lot of ways to go in automobile research and development, and I don't know what problems will arise when the aircraft is developed.

However, thinking that Huaxia will launch some projects for economic development in the future, it can bring Yun-10 scientific researchers to Xiangjiang for the research and development of the Heiyun large aircraft. No matter how many difficulties he goes through, Bao Zixuan has to develop his own cars and airplanes. This goal will not change and cannot be changed.