Chapter 275: The Crisis on the Korean Peninsula (Part II)
Hirobumi Ito and Aritomo Yamaguchi were both from the Choshu domain, but Aritomo Yamaguchi has always followed the military path, and as early as the Shogunate period, Yamaguchi Aritomo commanded the odd soldiers to fight, and participated in the Boshin War, which was related to the success or failure of the Shogunate Restoration Movement. After the successful fall of the curtain, Yamaguchi Aritomo devoted himself to the construction and transformation of Japan's modern army for a long time, emphasizing the old virtues of bravery, loyalty, and obedience to the emperor, and opposing democratic and liberal tendencies, and was known as the "father of Japan's modern army".
Youpeng in Shan County has a very high prestige in the army, as long as he says a word, the red deer in the army dare not listen. Therefore, if you want to control the red deer in the army, you must get the support of Youpeng in Shanxian County.
So Ito Hirobumi personally made an appointment with Yamaguchi Aritomo, explained to him the righteousness, and knew the benefits and disadvantages, repeatedly explained the reason why he could not start a full-scale war with Russia now, and at the same time assured Yamaguchi Aritomo that next year's military budget would increase the share of the army, and when the crisis on the Korean Peninsula was over, he would resign from the post of prime minister, and support Yamaguchi Aritomo's disciple Katsura Taro as prime minister, and so on, hoping that Yamaguchi Aritomo would support his Korean policy and restrain the army's behavior.
In fact, Yamaguchi Aritomo also knows very well that the current war between Japan and Russia is indeed more auspicious, but the reason why he advocates a war against Russia in a high-profile manner is actually to deliberately put pressure on Ito Hirobumi, on the one hand, to obtain military spending for the army, and on the other hand, to aim at the position of the prime minister.
Now Ito Hirofumi is soft, and Yamaguchi Aritomo is naturally happy to borrow a ladder to go down the wall, so the two giants of Japanese politics have finally reached a unanimous agreement. And Ito Hirobumi also breathed a sigh of relief, and he was able to devote himself to the diplomatic battlefield by solving the army's gang of red deer. Therefore, Ito Hirobumi successively summoned the ambassadors of Britain, France, the United States, Germany, and other countries, asking them to mediate and ease the situation on the Korean Peninsula, and at the same time threaten other countries, once a war breaks out on the Korean Peninsula, Japan will unilaterally negotiate with overseas Chinese, and withdraw its troops from the Chinese battlefield, so that the Eight-Nation Coalition will collapse.
Although Britain, France, the United States, Germany, and other countries have their own evil intentions, they all know that after the crisis on the Korean Peninsula, it is impossible to change the situation in China by force, and they can only negotiate with overseas Chinese. However, at this time, the countries still do not want the Eight-Nation Coalition to completely dissolve the matter, because if the Eight-Nation Coalition is a whole, even if it is just a nominal discussion, then when facing overseas Chinese at the negotiating table, it will be able to have more bargaining chips and strive for more interests for itself.
At the same time, they also sent letters to the Russian government, demanding that Russia stop its aggressive activities on the Korean Peninsula and withdraw its troops from the Korean Peninsula to restore the balance on the Korean Peninsula. Telegrams of all kinds flew like snowflakes from all over the world to St. Petersburg, the capital of Russia, and then from St. Petersburg to the rest of the world.
And the Russian Tsar Nicholas II, who received various telegrams, also had a headache at this time, and now Russia is also quite difficult to ride a tiger. In Russia, there is also a strong controversy over the handling of the crisis on the Korean Peninsula.
The hardliners shouted that Russia must not retreat from the occupied lands, but the rationalists believed that it was a wrong decision for Russia to rashly change the balance of the Korean Peninsula and cause a crisis on the Korean Peninsula, because now Russia's primary target is China's northeast region, not the Korean Peninsula, and if Russia completely controls China's northeast region, a small Korean Peninsula will not be captured.
At this time, Nicholas II also felt that the original decision was indeed a little rash, and at that time he found that the Korean Peninsula had an opportunity, and Nicholas II always despised Japan, thinking that as long as the Russian army moved cleanly, the yellow-skinned monkey could only suffer a sullen loss, and endured this breath. Therefore, in a moment of greed, ignoring the fact that Northeast China was not yet stable, and did not consider the attitude of other countries, Nicholas II made a hasty decision without consulting his ministers carefully, and changed the situation on the Korean Peninsula.
But what Nicholas II didn't expect was that the yellow-skinned monkey did not endure this breath, on the contrary, his attitude was extremely tough, and he would not give in an inch, and he would rather fight than give in a single step. And if there was really a war with Japan, Nicholas II was also a little undecided. Although Russia is known as a fighting nation, it is not a reckless man who can only do brute force, and when it really wants to go to war, it will also carefully distinguish the strength of the two sides and the level of victory, and will never fight a war that is uncertain.
In terms of overall national strength and military strength, Russia is naturally far stronger than the original, but Russia's center of gravity is not in the Far East, but in Europe, but Japan can indeed exert its national strength in the Far East, so it is unpredictable whether Russia's military strength in the Far East alone can defeat the yellow-skinned monkey when this war really starts. What if troops were to be sent from Europe to reinforce the Far East, one would take time, and the other would create a gap in Europe?
Nicholas II didn't care much if it was just Japan's toughness, but the attitude of the other countries, France, which was Russia's ally, was opposed to Russia's aggressive advance on the Korean Peninsula, and only Germany supported Russia's actions, which was a big problem.
Nicholas II also knew that it was difficult for the public to be angry, but he was a little unwilling to retreat from Korea in this way and restore the balance on the Korean Peninsula, not to mention that Russia does have the tradition of "never retreating from the occupied land", and the navy and army have been dismantling for so many days, and they can't gain nothing at all, let alone bow to the yellow-skinned monkey, which is too much to hurt the face of the fighting nation.
So Nicholas II and his ministers consulted for two days, and finally made a decision, agreeing to ease the situation on the Korean Peninsula, the armies of both sides could distance themselves, and establish a buffer zone, and then Japan and Russia would negotiate to resolve the crisis on the Korean Peninsula.
Russia's attitude has also relieved all countries, including Japan, that although Russia has only taken a small step back, and the crisis on the Korean Peninsula has not been resolved, and there are more difficult negotiations ahead, it is better than continuing confrontation.
Therefore, it was said that the Russian envoys to the DPRK, Komura Shoutaro and Weber, held consultations and reached an agreement, the Russian army withdrew from the Korean palace, and both sides left only 500 soldiers in Seoul, and the rest of the troops withdrew from Seoul and demarcated the boundary, and the Russian troops stationed in Pyongseong retreated to the Yalu River, while the Russian troops stationed in Pyongyang withdrew to Seoul. He sent Nishitokujiro and Russia sent Senra as a negotiator to negotiate the division of power between Japan and Russia on the Korean Peninsula.
At this point, the crisis on the Korean Peninsula, which had lasted for more than 10 days, had finally eased in an all-round way, and all countries were greatly relieved, so the British Consul General in Shanghai, Huo Bilan, once again summoned the consuls of various countries in Shanghai to meet to discuss how to resolve the situation in China.
At the beginning of the meeting, Huo Bilan did not pretend to bluff, but directly proposed to negotiate with overseas Chinese to resolve the situation in China. This proposal was immediately approved by the majority of countries, and France and the United States were originally in favor of negotiations, while Germany, which had taken a more hardline attitude in the past, did not oppose it, and Russia and Japan had no intention of going to war at this time, and other countries even followed the trend of soy sauce, so this proposal was quickly adopted.
Huo Bilan immediately proposed that in this round of talks, all countries should still negotiate with overseas Chinese in the name of the Eight-Nation Alliance, and negotiate with overseas Chinese as a whole, advancing and retreating together, and all the conditions for negotiations must be unanimously agreed upon by all countries, and no country should privately contact and hold talks with overseas Chinese, or even reach an agreement, and the basis for the talks is the actual occupation at present.
Everyone knows that the overall strength is greater than that of a certain country, and in fact, in the current situation in China, each country does not have an advantage, and when it comes to fighting for more interests at the negotiating table, it is naturally stronger to form a whole. As for not having private contacts and talks with overseas Chinese, no one takes it seriously, in fact, the United States, France, and Germany all have communication channels with the travelers, as long as they are not discovered by other countries. At the same time, various countries also elected Huo Bilan as the leader, French Consul General Bai Zaotai, and American Consul Gunnar as deputies, who were fully responsible for negotiations with overseas Chinese.
And taking the actual occupation as the basis of negotiation is also the practice of negotiation, and what is lost on the battlefield, do not want to get it back from the negotiation table, judging from the current situation, this group of overseas Chinese is obviously not the Qing court, so Britain and Germany can only admit this loss.
The meeting went very smoothly, so after the meeting ended, Huo Bilan immediately went to visit Li Hongzhang again and asked Li Hongzhang to convey the negotiation intentions of various countries to overseas Chinese. Although the United States, France, and Germany all have communication channels with the traversers, in order to show that their countries will not have contacts or talks with overseas Chinese, they can only ask Li Hongzhang to be the liaison between the two sides.
Li Hongzhang also took the opportunity to make a request, hoping that the Qing court would also participate in it, and turn this negotiation into a tripartite meeting to solve China's problems together, after all, the master of this land is still the Qing court.
After listening to Li Hongzhang's request, Huo Bilan realized that all countries had actually ignored this righteous master. Therefore, he hurriedly consulted the country, and gathered consular consultations of various countries, and finally decided that as long as the overseas Chinese did not refuse, the countries agreed in principle to form a tripartite talks.
In fact, all countries know that Li Hongzhang's request is nothing more than an attempt to use the strength of overseas Chinese to strive for more benefits for the Qing court, and all countries also want to take a knife from the Qing court to make up for their own losses, so to solve the China problem, the Qing court is indeed an unavoidable hurdle. In addition, the current situation is that overseas Chinese are in a strong position, and other countries are at a disadvantage, but the Qing court is undoubtedly the weakest party, if the Qing court is also drawn into the talks, the overseas Chinese will have to help the Qing court to some extent, so that the strength of some overseas Chinese can be divided, which is actually beneficial to various countries.
After obtaining the consent of various countries, Li Hongzhang sent a telegram to the Qing court that had fled to Xi'an, and the negotiations finally made significant progress, and on the other hand, he sent Zhang Peilun to Tianjin to make a front station, and this time Li Hongzhang planned to go to Tianjin in person to meet with overseas Chinese.