Arteries, arteries, such as important highways, railways will be likened to arteries.

The real major arteries of the human body are actually similar to highways and important railways, and the blood rich in oxygen and nutrients separates countless small arteries from the main arteries.

The arterioles branch into countless capillaries, and finally the capillaries are interspersed with countless cells and then slowly become capillaries, which converge into small veins, and finally converge into large veins back to the heart.

This is about a circuit of the human blood vessels, and from this circuit, the blood is slowly consumed from arterial blood to venous blood.

It can be said that the organs that come out to walk the food do not form a closed loop, and almost all other organs of the human body are closed loops.

Even if it's the air, it's a trick to the air, come in and look, yell, it's a dead end, and then throw down the oxygen and go out on your own.

When the skin of the human body is intact, when it acts as a city wall, almost all bacteria and viruses that are invasive to the human body can be isolated from the body.

So, sometimes, keep your mouth shut, don't lick it, keep your hands, don't touch it, and wash your hands frequently.

Don't go through the back door, no matter how powerful the virus and bacteria are, it can't do anything about you.

Zhang Fan took the doctor outside the general and the doctor outside the brain to the operating table.

Lao Chen's belly was bulging at this time, just like a pregnant woman waiting to give birth.

At present, there are many surgical methods for the abdominal aorta, but the condition is slightly more complicated, and open surgery cannot be replaced.

"Ready. Zhang Fan said softly.

"Okay!" Xue Xiaoqiao immediately began to prepare.

What to prepare? So, the abdominal aorta is a chicken thief, and it is hidden slightly above the spine of the human body.

If you want to do something about it, you must first figure out the surrounding intestines.

Small intestine, large intestine, to be honest, a fatter person, his these things, for a child's bath tub may not be able to hold it.

Don't look at the usual times, it seems that a person is not very thick from the stomach to the back, this is all an illusion.

You ask the tailor, you ask the general surgeon, he can cry and tell you that it's too thick.

For fat people, it is no problem to open the stomach and clean the intestines and intestines inside, and put a five or six-year-old child in it.

With such depth, I can only think of a way before opening the abdomen, first let the patient fast and defecate to reduce the intestinal content.

Then, lower the patient's head on the operating table, as if someone is in a shampoo room and someone has a chair down.

The patient presents with a low head and high feet, and then uses a knife to go around the navel starting from the xiphoid process and directly to the upper end of the pubic bone.

It can be said that this kind of surgery is a disembowelment, an appendectomy, a gallbladder removal, at most, a small fight to open a hole and drill an eye.

In the general hepatobiliary surgery, Zhang Fan not only passed the level of the system, but also gained an understanding from a large number of surgeries, and his technology was sublimated.

Not to mention the others, the knife that opened the abdomen made Chen Quanping envious.

In the usual surgical incision, the chief surgeon first holds a piece of gauze in his left hand, the assistant takes a piece of gauze, and then the two people have the gauze flush with the skin to be cut.

Just like when you're joking with your girlfriend, who pulls your face with both hands and splits your mouth, the tight skin cuts the smoothest.

And now it's too late, the major arteries are open, just kidding, it's not a joke.

As soon as Xue Xiaoqiao picked up the gauze, Zhang Fan had already started to cut it.

In surgery, especially in obstetrics and gynecology, which is dominated by women, they prefer to hold the knife with a pen.

I don't know who started it, anyway, if a male doctor likes to hold a knife with a pen, he will often get such a sentence: Your teacher is obstetrics and gynecology!

The pen holding style is a little more accurate, the horizontal knife, there is a feeling of opening and closing in it.

And Zhang Fan is no longer a problem with precision, so he prefers to hold horizontally, just like the eagle man has just come out of the waterfall, and prefers the thick bladeless knife.

The right hand was held horizontally, and the left thumb and index finger stretched the skin, and then directly from top to bottom, like a lightning bolt, around the navel opened Lao Chen's belly.

The navel, like the handle on the door, is perfectly avoided, "stop the bleeding, pull the hook." ”

If you want to be fast, if there is no superfluity, Zhang Fan will not raise his head, and the blood on his skin will not stop.

The general foreign director held the electric knife like a welder, stopping the bleeding one by one, and Xue Xiaoqiao and another assistant began to pull open the abdomen with a super large retractor.

How big is this hook, the old-fashioned steel pot knows it, the kind of steel pot with a performance of steaming more than 20 large steamed buns at a time, the lid of the steel pot can be split from the middle, and it can be used as a big hook, it is so big.

This thing, pull for a minute or two, anyone can, but pull for half an hour, pull for hours, people who don't have a little effort can't take it down at all.

It is not only necessary to antagonize the contraction of the patient's skin muscles, but also to change the position from moment to moment with the operation of the main surgeon.

To be honest, doctors outside the general world have a unicorn arm. Otherwise, you will definitely not be able to pull it for such a long time, and you will pull an orthopedic surgeon to let him pull the hook and perform surgery, and he will definitely be full of belly. After being killed, he didn't come to Puwai to help pull the hook.

Pulling the stomach open, the edematous small intestine is like a strip-shaped balloon that has been pricked up, and it stands up one by one.

It was filled with air, undigested food, yellow, gray, brown, and as it squirmed, it was as if a group of villains had rioted.

The air rises, the solid liquid sinks, and there are a lot of raised bubbles in the small intestine and large intestine, as if to Zhang Fan and they say: What are you doing, what are you doing, what are you doing? Come on, who is afraid of whom!

Ischemic edema, which fills the small and large intestines with blisters, and then because of bleeding, the abdominal cavity is full of bright red blood.

Well, gurgling, really, it's like a pot of unbroken fish bubbles in a red oil pot.

The semi-coagulated blood and blood clots in the blood hang on the air bubbles of the intestinal wall, like red peppers hanging on the fish bubbles.

"Gauze! Hurry, don't count, what are you doing earlier!" Watching the nurse count the gauze piece by piece, Zhang Fan was rarely angry.

I can't help but be in a hurry, his stomach is full of blood, like a red oil hot pot that has been boiled, and he keeps gurgling.

At this time, how many ml of blood is lost in one second, the instrument nurse was stunned for a moment, and the head nurse saw that it was wrong, and immediately said: "Xiao Li, quickly hand over the gauze to Zhang Yuan." Hurry!"

"Oh, good!" the little nurse gritted her teeth and handed over all the uncounted gauze to Zhang Fan.

To be honest, such an operation is against the law. On the operating table, especially for open surgery, all objects on and off the table must be double-checked.

It's two people, counting together. At the end of the operation, you can often see such a scene, two nurses like elementary school students, standing side by side, shouting loudly: one, two, three...... Twenty.

It looks funny and naïve, but this is the rule, the rule for the patient, the iron law.

If the inventory finds that a piece of gauze is missing, a needle is missing, the patient cannot get off the operating table.

Then the doctors and nurses were all pouting all over the floor, all over the operating room, and full of containment boxes full of medical waste.

Even if there is stool excreted by the patient in it, the nurse and doctor have to pinch it open and look at it, which is so harsh.

If you find it, if you can't find it, hehe, it's a big deal.

It is not a joke or a legend to forget the device or gauze in the patient's abdominal cavity, and in the early years, not only in China, but also in the medical community all over the world, this kind of accident occurred.

A piece of gauze went into the stomach, the patient did not know, the doctor forgot, and then the patient's wound was like a child's mouth, which never healed, and a thread came out in a few days, and a thread in a few days.

The most exaggerated thing is that some patients have been rejecting it for more than 30 years! The stomach has been bleeding pus for 30 years, and the stomach is like a woolen thread, and a piece of gauze is spit out for you every day. Really, it's all tears when you talk about it.

Later, a blue line was placed on the gauze, I don't know if you have noticed, on the regular medical gauze, all have blue lines, this thing is used for X-ray development.

However, even with this line, what should be forgotten is still forgotten, and finally a military nurse in Huaguo invented seven checks and eight pairs.

She was also the first nurse in the Chinese military to win the Nightingale Award.

When Zhang Fan was in school, he was fortunate to take an old lady's surgical sterility class, and the old lady with the rank of major general couldn't see that she was a general-level figure at all.

With a kind face, a kind face, he has never been married all his life, and he has struggled on the medical front all his life.

Since this old lady in Huaguo formulated seven checks and eight pairs, there have been fewer and fewer things like abdominal missing instrument gauze.

Really, sometimes, the older generation of Huaguo is too good, but there are few people who know them.

Maybe they don't want others to know that they just exist quietly and struggle quietly.

For what? Maybe it's for the heart that never admits defeat. For the oath that was made under the flag of the Red Cross.

Sometimes, struggle and persistence seem to be all egg soup, so I just coax my stomach and listen to it.

But, sometimes, you look at him, persistence, hard work, no change in a day, no change in a year, when ten years later, it is absolutely different, maybe this is the reason why the belief never fades.

Pulling open his stomach, Zhang Fan kept stuffing gauze into the lower part of the intestines, one, ten, fifty, and a large amount of gauze was stuffed into it.

The stomach is stuffed like snowflake candy, and the small intestine has protruded from the sutures of the abdomen.

Like a wriggling maggot, "Let Lao Tzu go back, your uncle, it's cold outside!"

"Tissue bag!

The large tissue bag, Zhang Fan stuffed the protruding small intestine into the tissue bag like washing the pig's intestines, and then poured warm salt water.

The intestines are different from the stomach, the stomach is very solid, you take people out and step on two feet, put them in and still eat and drink.

But the intestines are different, this thing is very delicate, a little frightened by the cold, this thing doesn't move, and it starts to play dead.

If the surface moisture is lost a little more, it will be like a woman who has not worn a mask for a week, and it will directly necrosis you in the stomach.

Therefore, the head nurse and the itinerant nurse in the tissue bag are constantly replacing the constant temperature of the salt water, which cannot be scalded or cold, to be honest, they are the uncle-level characters in the abdominal cavity.

Pull the stomach apart and separate the intestines. At this time, the abdominal aorta in the abdominal cavity is seen.

If the lens is pulled up and placed in the position of the shadowless lamp, at this time, the heads of Zhang Fan and the four of them are like being stuffed into a bloody mouth.

Have no bottom!

Really, Zhang Fan almost really stuffed his head into this hole.

"It's too fat!" Zhang Fan, who rarely complained during the operation, said involuntarily.

It's so uncomfortable, really, half-bent, like that sculpture among comedians.

Zhang Fan's neck stiffly pulled his big head and hung it in the air, and he had to bend his waist to send his head in a little.

That's it, but the taste in the abdominal cavity is still unpleasant.

The warm abdominal temperature, the smell in the abdominal cavity, the smell of blood decomposition, and the useless mask are useless.

It's slimy, stinky, and slightly hot, really, like someone who eats rotten eggs or stinky tofu and sticks out their tongue and keeps licking your face.

The father with the child is estimated to have such an experience, the child has a bad stomach, the wife asks you to look at the child's stool, and then you put your face on the five cm above the child's stool that has just been pulled down.

You can't make a hiccup yet, or your wife will definitely go crazy.

And Zhang Fan can't send out hiccups, because once he hiccups, his hands will tremble, his hands will tremble, and his blood vessels will throw fireworks at you.

Really, Zhang Fan bit the tip of his tongue for surgery.

Separation, non-stop separation, the intestines are suspended in the stomach, this thing is semi-free, and if you want to do surgery on the back of the abdomen, you have to swim away from these hanging ligaments first.

After the ligaments are separated, then the blood vessels are separated. The large arteries branch off into numerous small arterioles.

This operation is too difficult, and it really doesn't lose the status and reputation of people with a fatality rate of seventy or eighty.

"Whole body heparinization!"

Zhang Fan's head was slightly above the abdominal cavity, and the words he said seemed to have a response.

Heparin, in fact, is anticoagulant, that is, it makes the blood not clot.

Really, it's too difficult, the blood vessels, once it is damaged, it will activate the inner wall of the blood vessel to stop the bleeding.

So, some people have their own hands broken, stuff them in their mouths and shiver, and then take them out and see, hey, no more blood.

He said proudly: Look, Lao Tzu's tongue and saliva can stop bleeding.

It's really chicken, this thing will get infected, and the hemostasis is not how flexible your tongue is, but the blood vessels of others stop the bleeding themselves.

Ordinary people can clot blood, but the female boss of Mishima can't, and the little finger can go into shock.

The blood vessels want to stop bleeding by themselves, but the arteries are too big to stop, and the blood vessels are also anxious, and then the whole body stops bleeding, and the slippery blood in the blood vessels all turns into cement, which directly becomes embolism.

Therefore, this operation is very contradictory, while stopping the bleeding, a large amount of anticoagulants are used to make the blood flow.

Separation, ligation, that's the beginning of the operation, really, the failure rate of this surgery is extremely high.

Before stopping the bleeding, you must first protect the kidneys, and if you save the kidneys, will you keep the eggs?

The blood supply to these organs is established before the abdominal aorta is repaired.

Not to mention Zhang Fan, the sweat of the head nurse who was watching from the side came down.

Zhang Fan gritted his teeth, and his waist shouted again: Turtle son, do you dare to stretch Lao Tzu, just stretch it, it's about to break!

Xue Xiaoqiao is no better. Both upper limbs were no longer numerous, the soles of the feet were standing in pain, and the slippers were almost scratched like fingers on the toes of the five feet.

But none of them could move, none of them could move, because below them were the blood vessels, the major arteries.

An hour passed.

Two hours passed.

The family members and children outside the operating room were tired of crying, and their eyes were staring blankly at the wall.

The doctors and nurses who were looking for the medical department were still talking and talking, really, it was difficult to be the director of the medical department, it was too good, and it was too difficult to find these few who could say it.

Cut open the walls of the blood vessels, make the round pipe type blood vessels into a chapter of flat paper, and then trim them to remove the dissection of the family.

Then, just like repairing a water pipe, put a man-made blood vessel in it.

"Zhang Yuan, why don't I replace you?"

Chen Quanping watched the beads of sweat under the back of Zhang Fan's head keep coming out one by one, although his legs were sore, he knew that Zhang Fan was more uncomfortable than him at this time.

"No!"

is familiar with Zhang Fan's style, otherwise, I can't stand his attitude.

Sew, finally, sewn. Zhang Fan slowly straightened his body, and he could hear the squeaking sound of his waist.