The restoration of cultural relics is a big topic, you know, there are many classifications of cultural relics, and it is not so easy to involve the restoration of ancient artworks in all aspects.

First of all, you have to at least know the structure of the artifact, what it was like in the first place. For example, if you don't know the original details of a painting, in which direction the bamboo leaf should grow, etc., how do you fix it?

Then, you have to know how it was born. This process, you have to know, may involve some manufacturing techniques, such as a piece of porcelain, you have to know what material it is made of and how it is fired in order to repair it.

Therefore, the experts in the restoration of cultural relics, Hu Yang feels that they are powerful.

"They belong to a group of people who have contributed silently and deserve the respect they deserve, and I hope that everyone will give enough respect to this group of workers as much as I do.

Many cultural relics look flawless to us, but in fact, many of them have been damaged, and it is with the efforts of cultural relics restoration experts that we can see such perfect ancient artworks. Hu Yang said to everyone.

Ye Xin walked in lightly with everyone, and everyone tried to keep their voices as low as possible.

The area of cultural relics restoration is also divided into categories, each with its own territory.

The first thing I saw was the restoration of porcelain, and several staff members were busy in the whole space. What you see is full of all kinds of debris, tools, materials, and so on.

Hu Yang set his eyes on several porcelain vases that had been restored, and asked Andy to give a close-up.

"You can see it! This is the restored porcelain, if you don't look carefully, you can't see any flaws at all, only under the magnifying glass, you can find that this is a broken bottle. ”

He told everyone that this is a careful restoration, not the kind of random tinkering that can be seen at a glance as a "patch".

It can also be seen from this that the few porcelain bottles in front of me belong to more precious cultural relics, so they will spend a lot of effort to do it so well.

Populus euphratica didn't dare to pick it up and move around, after all, it was not easy for people to repair it, and some of them may not be too stable, and if they were damaged twice, the difficulty of repairing would become higher.

"You also see that there is a dragon on the shoulder of this bottle, so it is called the Panlong bottle, there are more in the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, and there are also in the Qing Dynasty, and it is more exquisite.

The piece in front of me is the pink celadon of the Southern Song Dynasty, which is very precious and worth spending great efforts to restore. ”

Speaking of the dragon bottle, Hu Yang also told everyone that the dragon is more special and belongs to the dragon that has not yet soared.

In ancient Han architecture, the dragon coiled on the pillar and the dragon decorating the Zhuang beam and the ceiling are all customarily called Panlong.

"The Panlong bottle is also inextricably related to Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, or rather, this kind of bottle was first called by him.

This should start from the Jun kiln, Jun kiln to conquer the world, often can inadvertently burn a variety of lines, patterns, etc., everyone knows, this is one of the reasons why the Jun kiln is precious.

When Song Huizong, someone burned out a Jun kiln porcelain vase, and the bottle shoulder had the pattern of the dragon king, and paid tribute to Song Huizong. Song Huizong liked it very much, so he gave it a name, called Panlong Bottle. ”

I have to say that the emperors of the Song Dynasty were still quite literate, relatively cultured, and had a strong sense of art.

Playing calligraphy, carpentry, cricket, etc., the emperor of the Song Dynasty occupied all of them. It can be said that he is the best at playing among the Chinese emperors.

The old Zhao family is still more suitable for playing art, and he is not very good at ruling the country, and his character is too weak.

Whether it is the Northern Song Dynasty or the Southern Song Dynasty, although the military strength is not very strong, various arts and cultures have developed to a peak.

Of course, this has a lot to do with the economic prosperity of the Song Dynasty. When the economy develops well, from the emperor to the common people, they will pursue the spiritual enjoyment of art.

Some people may not believe how prosperous the ancient economy could be, and often starved to death, a flood or something, and a corpse.

But if you study the economic situation of China's dynasties, you will find that China is indeed the center of wealth in the world compared to other countries.

Take the Song Dynasty as an example, the first thing that comes to everyone's mind is cowardice. But you may not know that the Song Dynasty was the best era of economic development among all Chinese dynasties, accounting for more than 60% of the world's total economic value.

The Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty accounted for about half. The well-known Qing Dynasty seems to be good, but it only accounts for twenty or thirty percent.

In the live broadcast room, fans of various dynasties began to tear again. Pitiful, the Qing Dynasty was cursed and accused again.

"In fact, the development characteristics of each dynasty are different, and it is not good to compare the high and low. Take the Sui Dynasty that everyone is not familiar with, although it perished when Yang Guang arrived.

However, this dynasty also had a great influence on later generations. Today's Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was dug by Yang Guang and has benefited for one or two thousand years.

is such an emperor, and he is still scolded and brutal by you all day long.

I personally admire Yang Guang, his contribution is not only about the Grand Canal. The imperial examination system, which has always influenced later generations, was also made by him first.

The reason why the Sui Dynasty perished in his hands was mainly because he was too persistent in fighting Goguryeo, that is, the current Dynasty, Xian and Korea, and hit the doorstep of other people's homes three times, which was indeed a bit of a deception.

However, in this way, the consumption was huge, which also caused a popular uprising, and the empire soon collapsed, allowing the Tang Dynasty to pick up a bargain. It can be said that the Tang Dynasty was so prosperous because of the great contribution of the Sui Dynasty. Populus euphratica expressed his opinion.

Some people will say that Yang Guang is a war maniac, personally leading troops to fight Tuguhun, attacking Goguryeo three or four times, etc., anyway, the surrounding small countries will be beaten by him, and he will fight until people call Dad.

To put it this way, it doesn't seem to be wrong. Yang Guang himself is an ambitious person, an emperor who does not want to expand the land area, is not a good emperor.

"Then, let's talk about pink celadon! This is one of the varieties of Longquan blue glaze.

In the Song Dynasty, Longquan's status was like today's Jingdezhen. At that time, the best porcelain was basically fired in Longquan.

Pink celadon, which first appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty, is a relatively exquisite variety among the celadon varieties.

As you can see, this glaze has a very glassy texture. Under the technical conditions at that time, it was quite rare and belonged to the boutique. This dragon bottle, if it is not damaged, can be taken casually for tens of millions. ”

In fact, many official kiln porcelains in the Song Dynasty can be photographed for millions, tens of millions, which are very precious.

Therefore, the museum has spent so much effort to restore this Beaulieu bottle, which can be explained.

Ye Xin became more and more surprised, it was the first time she saw a young person who could speak all kinds of historical knowledge than her, it was simply a talk show.

Sure enough, people are worthy of their reputation, and they do have materials.

The camera cuts to the staff, everyone concentrating on their own business.

Ye Xin introduced: "There are several procedures for porcelain restoration. You can look over there, cleaning porcelain belongs to the first procedure, very particular, not just put some dish soap to wipe it.

First of all, rinse the dust and mud with clean water, and then wash the greasy, dirt and broken ballast with water and clean the water. Wash by hand with a brush, bamboo skewer, knife, etc.

Then, mechanical decontamination, as well as chemical decontamination, etc. ”

The so-called "mechanical decontamination" is the cleaning of some hard attachments with a small ultrasonic cleaner or an electric writing pen.

That kind of stuff can't be washed off with detergent. For example, some sea-fishing porcelain often has some shells attached to it, which seriously affects the beauty of the porcelain itself.

Chemical decontamination should be easy to understand, mainly to remove calcium carbonate, magnesium, etc. on porcelain with diluted hydrochloric acid or formic acid.

"In fact, the most important thing is to clean the fracture, which can only be done by more professional people. The fracture is not cleaned cleanly, and when it is glued, it will leave clear marks. Populus euphratica added.

The cleaned pieces of ancient porcelain, according to the serial number, are placed in pieces in a very orderly manner.

The next job is to splic. It's the same puzzle you usually play, where you have to find the location of each piece and put it together into a complete piece of porcelain.

This requires the staff to try to assemble and arrange according to the shape, ornamentation and color of the utensils, write marks with a pen, and plan the order of bonding.

"The final gluing work is the most critical work that determines the success or failure of a piece of porcelain restoration, as well as the quality of the restoration. Hu Yang said to everyone.

Bonding is the repair of porcelain in the more difficult process, the operation should be in accordance with the pre-determined plan to take care of the top and bottom, broken more can start from the bottom, some can be from the edge of the mouth to start sticking, must do each stick a piece can not have the slightest error. If a piece is misaligned, it will not fit in the end.

When bonding, you should also pay attention not to apply too much glue, apply the glue in the center of the porcelain tile, be sure to pressurize when closing, and tie it with a white cloth belt, and wipe the glue out with acetone immediately.

The entire process of ancient porcelain restoration was made public to everyone for the first time through the live broadcast room of Populus euphratica.

Everyone knows that the work to be done to restore a piece of porcelain may not be too much, but it requires great care and is very strict with various materials.

"I've seen it for a long time, and that's how the national treasure was restored. ”

"This kind of work is really not something that ordinary people can do, it's too boring. As you can see, they didn't speak just now, and I can't stand this kind of environment. ”

"It's still Brother Hu's live broadcast that has content, which makes everyone realize a lot of things. ”

......

Hu Yang's gaze suddenly fell on the corner, the pile of waste.

"Those are cultural relics that have been confirmed to be irreparable, and they are of little significance, and they will be cleaned up regularly. Ye Xin said.

Actually, their museum is okay, and the cultural relics are not the most. Like the Palace Museum, millions of cultural relics, a large number of cultural relics that have not had time to be restored, lose the best opportunity to repair, and lose their meaning, will be cleaned up regularly, and some of them will become cultural relics garbage every day.

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