According to ancient records, the Xia Dynasty lasted for more than 500 years, and the Shang Dynasty after that lasted for nearly 600 years, and the two weeks simply lasted for nearly 800 years!

The Xia Shang dynasty was almost 1,800 years old, and this period of ancient times accounted for nearly half of the time when China had national records.

The Eastern Zhou Dynasty was destroyed in 256 BC, and this will be pushed up 1800 years from the time point where Zhang Nan is located, that is, 113 AD, and the difference between the two points in time is less than 400 years.

What were you doing in 113 A.D.?

The Eastern Han Dynasty was in the seventh year of the Yongchu Dynasty, and in September of that year, the imperial court transferred grain on a large scale to save the large-scale famine in the southern part of the Central Plains.

Later, the Han court sent troops to attack the Qiang people in the west, and the Han army won a complete victory, killing 1,000 enemies and capturing more than 20,000 cattle and sheep.

In Europe, Trajan's Column in Rome was inaugurated to commemorate Emperor Trajan's two campaigns against the Dacians.

In addition to these two places...

I'm sorry, God knows what the rest of the world is doing, but ancient Egypt is long since the end of the world and has become a Roman province;

Ancient Babylon was probably playing the Persian era, and people in India didn't even know that there was a local civilization 2,000 years earlier.

Americas?

The Indians in the north are trying to hunt bison, and the south has to watch out for jaguars.

As for Europe, except for the land occupied by Rome, they are uniformly called barbarians, and they will make trouble with tribes, states, etc., and at most there will be some big square countries.

Yes, in the 2nd century AD, Europe was still playing the state and the fang country, and then it played for more than a thousand years, while China went through the "tribe, state, and fang state stage" in the 21st century BC, and the Xia Dynasty was established.

Of course, the first to complete the process of "tribes, states, and states" should be ancient Egypt, which has a long history of civilization and is unreasonable, and they made this big step in the 31st century BC.

Ancient Egypt opened plug-ins, and others really can't compare.

In addition to ancient Egypt, under careful analysis, the history of the "country" in the ancient period of China is also staggering!

Before the Xia Dynasty, China also experienced the development stages of large tribes, states, and fang states.

Before the Han Dynasty, there was an exact record of this history, but with the war, the record was slowly buried in time, or buried in the ground.

After nearly 2,000 years, a lot of ancient Chinese history was made like myths, and as a result, a bunch of white supremacists in the West were chattering crookedly, and these white monkeys didn't want to think that they were treating a bunch of myths as history!

In recent decades, with historical research and continuous new archaeological discoveries, these ancient histories of China have been truly displayed in front of the world, constantly slapping the faces of Western historians with individual motives.

Not to mention the Xia Dynasty, there were already a bunch of small countries on the land of China earlier than 4,000 years ago, and it seems that the earliest states and even kingdoms in China are equivalent to the archaeological Longshan era.

During the Longshan period, a large number of city ruins appeared in various parts of China, and the emergence of cities was a real civilization, which was really out of the primitive era.

In recent years, according to a large number of archaeological excavations, more than one large rammed-earth building site such as the palace and the temple have been found in various urban ruins of the same period of the Yongsan period more than 4,000 years ago.

Large-scale city sites, large rammed earth building foundations in the city, a large number of burial materials that can explain the existence of wealth differentiation, hierarchy, and class, as well as Zhushu pottery inscriptions, small bronze vessels, dragon plates, drums, special chimes, jade Yue...

Between 4,500 and 4,300 years ago, China had already entered the late stage of state-type state society, and even entered the era of Fangguo.

You know, in the 24th century B.C. at the latest, there were cities in China with a three-story ring and a wide artificially dug moat!

Westerners say that "Rome was not built in a day", to quote that, according to the productive forces of the ancestors of China 4,500 years ago, they would not have invented and learned to build large-scale cities in a few years or decades, and this primitive society could not build cities.

Cities are things that only come with a strong ruling class, and there must be strong enough enemies to build walls and dig moats.

According to the physical and historical evidence found so far, it is shown that before the Xia Dynasty, China had at least 500 years, or even a thousand years, in a period of a large number of states and states playing alliances and melees.

It is said that the Chinese civilization has been up and down for 5,000 years, proper, and there is nothing wrong!

Picky?

It is said that there are not many bronze tools found in those eras, but there are many stone tools and bone tools commonly used in primitive times, so it cannot be regarded as civilization?

!

Four or five thousand years ago, what was the concept of metal?

I don't know how many times more valuable than the current gold!

I don't see that the early ancient Egyptian pharaohs were holding a "scepter" with a stone hammer to smash people's heads, and a large number of stone tools were also prevalent during the ancient Egyptian dynasties.

As for the Europeans, not to mention, there were still many places in the Middle Ages where gold and stone were used together.

In history, there are very few people who use gold as burial goods that can only be used as decorations and wealth, let alone bronze vessels from four or five thousand years ago, which is the treasure of survival, who is willing to take it to accompany the burial!

If you can find a few things, you will be lucky.

The monkeys ask rhetorically: Where did all that metal go?

That's a stupid question.

It's been reused continuously, just like today's gold, otherwise where would there be so many gold shops.

Even if the country is destroyed, the metal is still there: Xiang Weirong still complained, saying that the Vietnamese monkeys were so poor that they couldn't find a gold ring in the houses on the street.

If you find metal, you will get rich!

The period of the state and the state of Fang can be 5,000 years ago, and the Xia Dynasty will not exist?

More than 2,000 years ago, the lineage of the Xia Dynasty recorded in the "Historical Records - Xia Benji" is as clear and clear as the lineage of the Shang Dynasty recorded in the "Yin Benji", and the lineage of the Shang Dynasty has been confirmed in the oracle bones unearthed in the Yin Ruins of Anyang.

Therefore, scholars and history enthusiasts such as Zhang Nan and Director Nong clearly believe that the lineage of the Xia Dynasty recorded in the "Historical Records-Xia Benji" is credible.

And there is writing, did the Xia Dynasty have writing?

Yes!

Few people know about "Xia Seal", but the original oracle bone inscription of the Shang Dynasty is known to the world.

The Xia Dynasty should have written words, but the Xia people probably didn't like divination, and they didn't use armor and bones to record words, but they probably used items such as bamboo and wood, and as a result, there are very few written materials of the Xia Dynasty found today.

It is unlikely that there will be a record on the metal products, not only was there less metal at that time, but even if the words were engraved on the utensils, there was also the problem of reuse.

The skin is melted, and the hair will not exist.

The oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty are very primitive, and Zhang Nan believes that the writing of the Xia Dynasty should be more advanced than that of the Shang Dynasty, such as the one or two "Xia seals" left today.

Xia Seal should also be divided into two types: official and private, just as there are two types of ancient Egyptian script.

This writing, like people, will retreat if it does not advance, and if it is not used often, or rarely used, the writing will become obsolete and quickly degenerate.

The Shang Dynasty had a country for nearly 600 years, but in the first 300 years, the kings of the Shang Dynasty had been fighting each other and were in a state of frequent capital relocation.

Moreover, the Shang people had few people, and they still lived nomadically, had no writing at the beginning, and did not pay attention to culture, so it caused the entire Xia Dynasty to be abandoned.

After Pangeng moved to Yin, out of the prosperity of divination, this re-made the folk characters of the Xia Dynasty come in handy, and the divination process and results were engraved on the tortoise shell and animal bones with Xia characters, which led to the oracle bone inscription.

The great cultural regression can be compared to the Mongol sweep across Eurasia in the 13th century, and the merchants of the first 300 years are probably similar to the role of the Mongols in later generations.

In the Zhou Dynasty, the oracle bone inscription of the Zhou Dynasty was inherited from the oracle bone inscription of the Shang Dynasty by Xi He, and there was no great development, but the Jin inscription was different!

The Zhou people are a nationality surnamed Ji, with developed farming, and the surname of Ji in the Xia Dynasty has the same root and origin, and there are few people without writing before.

Xia characters were used in the summer period, oracle bone inscriptions were used in the Shang period, and King Wu of Zhou was under the banner of restoring Xia under the emperor's order.

After the Shang Dynasty was destroyed and the Zhou Dynasty was established, Zhou Tianzi restored and used the Xia Dynasty's official text, Xia Seal, which many scholars agree with, otherwise how could this Western Zhou Jin Wen be in place in one step?

There are cities, countries, writings, and artifacts, and the Xia Dynasty will not exist?!

Zhang Nan "crackled" and improvised this large period of ancient Chinese history, and it was impossible to listen to this group of people in the living room without admiration!

Master, it turns out that China is really a genuine history of 5,000 years of civilization, and the pride of this nation has skyrocketed.

Here Zhang Nan added: "We always feel that the Xia Dynasty is a bit empty, but to a certain extent, it is also the bad names we set during the archaeology.

What 'Erligou culture', 'Niutou Mountain relics' or something, are all prefixed with modern nearby place names.

This 'culture and relics' sounds primitive, and the field archaeology is almost all in the countryside, and many of them are still very backward areas.

This is good, the prefix of 'backwardness' and the rustic flavor will cause misunderstanding even for us.

A typical naming bad habit was found in a 4,500-year-old Ayutthaya site, which was named 'Changlonggou Ruins' and 'Jiulipu Cultural Relics'..."

Everyone laughed!

Zhang Nan also smiled, and then said: "I'm really not afraid that the old ancestor will come to find trouble in the middle of the night, so I have to come up with a domineering city name."

Otherwise, everyone still thinks that there are only a few or dozens of small mountain villages, and they will think that their ancestors still live in small shacks. ”

The first half of the inscription is to praise Dayu's exploits in controlling the water, and the second half is not history, Zhang Na explained: "It is a 'virtue'..."

Virtue is an important part of traditional Chinese ethics, and the idea of rule by virtue runs through the entire feudal era of China, and now it is also emphasized here.

If a person has no virtue, then he will still have it!

"Zhou people are still virtuous, this inscription appears in 6 places 'De', the connotation is quite broad, not only requires the people to pay attention to their own self-cultivation, to be a person to 'Qi Ming Zhongzheng', but also to be filial to parents, brothers, marriage harmony, pay attention to the sacrifice of ancestors and gods.

The king and the officials must also be virtuous, virtuous to the people, and take care of the people of the world, only in this way can the people be 'virtuous', the king's rule can be long-lasting, and the world can be stable.

2900 years ago, the Chinese thought on 'virtue' has been quite rich, systematic, the concept of rule by virtue has been fully formed, originally we have long believed that the source of the idea of rule by virtue is Confucius's proposition of 'virtue for government'.

Hehe...

Based on this piece, we can conclude that Kong Laoer's exposition on 'virtue' is nothing more than a summary and generalization of Zhou people's thoughts, and is not his original intention at all.

98 characters, the font is like calligraphy, and it also confirms the history and political era, which is obviously a grade higher than those bronze inscriptions that tout their own family merits and record their own merits.

I don't think there are too many people who will refute this inscription if it is 'the best of two weeks'. ”

After speaking, he half-turned to the old avenue of the Guo family: "Still don't regret it?"

Guo Da waved his hand, if it weren't for his identity, it was estimated that he would have collapsed into a "cut!".

"Then I'll take this away, put it on display in a private museum in my hometown, and then write down the discovery of this piece of Sui Gongyun in the introduction.

No problem, right?"

"Okay, of course it's no problem, don't write me as a layman, when the time comes, Mr. Zhang will be wise and compare me...

Well, I'm famous!"

This is obviously joking, as one of the discoverers of an important historical artifact, Boss Guo is of course happy.

As for the baby gift, this super-rich man with a net worth of nearly 10 billion dollars on the surface cares about this?

Boss Guo could see it, and this Zhang Nan had to smile and said: "Don't worry, Spring and Autumn penmanship, Spring and Autumn penmanship."

But... Speaking of this spring and autumn, this Suigong Suiguo can't play anymore.

The Spring and Autumn Rites collapsed, virtue did not work, and the Sui Kingdom was destroyed by the Qi State of the Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons with an excuse.

In 681 B.C., Qi and Song, Chen, Cai, and Yi would ally in Beixing, and it was near Liaocheng, today's Dongshan Province, that they discussed the pacification of the Song civil unrest.

The overlord Qi State also asked Sui Guo to participate together, but although this small country was not far from the Huimeng land, it was also in Dongshan Province, but Suijun didn't know why he didn't participate in the Huimeng.

Okay, it's useless to talk about morality in Suiguo now, Qi Huan Gong doesn't play anything with you at all, people talk about fists.

Just because he called people to come to the meeting, but the people didn't arrive, he used this reason of not giving face, and the Qi State sent troops to destroy the Sui State. ”

Zhang Nan sighed, "It's okay to talk about morality when it is necessary internally, and to convince people with virtue externally."

Ha, die fast!"

I don't know who repeated the phrase "convince people with virtue", but several of them smiled reservedly.

Sawaguchi Yasuko felt a little strange on the side, and glanced at Zhang Nan, who reacted and said, "Fortunately, I don't look much like Lei Laohu, otherwise it would be too much."

Convince people with virtue, haha..."

"Mr. Zhang also likes to watch Hong Kong films?" asked the third child of the Guo family.

No wonder he thinks so, this sentence "convincing people with virtue" is too famous in Xiangjiang this year, and even these top rich people know it.

Zhang Nan's mouth crooked and said, "Sometimes I look at it."

But... I said I haven't watched "Fang Shiyu" this year, believe it or not?"

None of the Guo family believed it, and they all laughed: "Fang Shiyu" was just released in the first half of the year, and I haven't watched it this year, Mr. Zhang, are you a ghost!?

Zhang Nan looked up to the sky and sighed in his heart: "Why doesn't anyone believe me when I tell the truth!"