779. Golf course

According to the design plan, the main building of the clubhouse is divided into three floors above ground and one basement, the main function of the basement is the underground parking lot, and a small part is used as a warehouse.

Zhou Fangyuan got a large area of land from the city government, and the rest of it was all turned into a golf course.

A standard golf course must first meet or must have 18 holes, that is, 18 fairways, the length is about 7000 yards, including supporting facilities generally 1000-1500 acres of land, preferably a place with mountains and rivers, can reach formal business, a variety of supporting facilities including clubs, hotels, driving ranges, tennis courts, swimming pools, parking lots, specialty stores, saunas, Chinese and Western restaurants, conference centers, villas and other supporting entertainment facilities and so on. At today's monetary value, the investment is about 150 million to 200 million soft sister coins. For every 18 holes, there are 36 holes, 54 holes, and 72 holes, depending on the actual demand, the degree of financial spacing, and the market and investment purposes.

Zhou Fangyuan is far from having such great ambitions, or he is not prepared to make this club so powerful.

He only prepared 18 holes, the clubhouse was the main thing, and the golf course was secondary. This is also to talk about the development of Beitong, the development speed of Beitong, looking at the whole country is relatively slow, what about the rich people here, most of them are sticks. Some started by demolition, some by mineral resources, and some by shoddy real estate...... There are not many rich people who are really literate and tasteful, and most of them are the trendsetters of the times, relying on that relatively chaotic era to take the opportunity to get mixed up, hoping that these people can understand the connotation of golf? That's not to even think about it.

But it's such a group of people, or rather, the more people like this, the more they like to pretend to be a beep or something. He didn't understand, but he felt that it was something that the upper class liked, and even if he wasn't interested at all, he had to show interest. So there's no point in making it too big, because there won't be so many people coming to play at all, and it's enough to have that meaning.

In a true standard golf, even each hole will vary in distance due to changes in terrain, and this unequal distance is usually divided into three types: long, medium and short.

Among the 18 holes, there are four long and short distance holes, and 10 medium distance holes, which are arranged in a mixed arrangement, and most of the pools will be evenly distributed on a course, and white wooden piles will be erected next to the OB line of the out-of-bounds OB, and the hole part can be divided into rough area, fairway area, bunker, etc., and each course has its own separate rules.

Most of the holes on the course are: 4 par 3s, 10 par 4s, 4 par 5s, the standard of clubs is no more than 14 clubs as the upper limit, and golf club players will use one driver, two fairway woods, nine irons, one putter and a special purpose club.

Par for different distances: 5 for 431 meters and above, 4 for 430.9 to 229.1 meters, 3 for 229 meters, the course par is set according to the overall distance and distribution of the fairway, usually 18 holes of par 72, occasionally par 70 or 71. In the professional game of golf, one round is usually played over four rounds, and the women's division is usually three rounds.

In the golf course of Zhou Fangyuan's clubhouse, although all the facilities are not completely complete, they are all there. In addition to the basic features such as clubhouse lanes and golf carts, there are tees, fairways, greens, and obstacles such as long grass, bunkers, and pools.

The quality of the greens is not the same. Generally speaking, the best greens are well maintained so that the ball rolls smoothly against the cut lawn. Golfers generally describe good greens as faster, where a light shot can be rolled far away. On the other hand, if the ball rolls on it for a considerable distance and requires a lot of strength to hit the ball, such a green is called slow, and the specific effect depends on the grass species and length of the green, and the direction of growth determines the speed of the green, because the terrain of the green will make the player feel the difficulty.

The design of the stadium should be adapted to local conditions, and make full use of the natural terrain, geomorphological planning and layout. It is necessary to make the floor plan of the stadium meet the conditions of the location and the multi-functional use requirements of the stadium, and the transformation of the terrain is necessary to ensure that there is a beautiful landscape and good drainage and water management. It is best to implement the construction in stages, combining the near and far, and focusing on the near. The rationality of phased construction and the feasibility analysis of economic construction must be in place and clearly defined. The planning and design of the stadium should not only meet the functional requirements of playing and recreation, but also consider the needs of sustainable development and multi-level response.

The space design of the stadium must be integrated with the plane planning, terrain transformation, vertical planning and design, road design, ecological green space design, water management and water supply and drainage lines, etc., to carry out spatial form analysis and planning, and multi-perspective control space design. The traffic routes and road systems in the venue should be separated from the inside and outside, that is, the recreation services and the internal logistics routes should not overlap. The planning and layout of underground pipelines and cables should be unified and jointly built, and comprehensive planning of pipelines should be carried out, and a common underground project with integrated pipelines should be constructed.

Site selection is not easy, and there are terrain requirements. The site should not be too rugged or too steep, and some natural features such as gentle slopes and water surfaces can be retained in the base as a barrier for the course. The fairways and greens of the golf course need to be planted with high-quality turf, which is very important for the analysis and treatment of the soil, and the sandy soil is the ideal soil for the golf course; Whether the nutrients of the soil have been depleted by the original crop and whether it can meet the needs of planting turf can be considered in detail when selecting the site, which is conducive to future maintenance and management. It is best to have convenient transportation, and the golf course should have convenient transportation conditions, generally near the highway or near the city's arterial roads. In addition, the water source must be sufficient, and the maintenance of a large area of turf on a golf course requires a large amount of water, and the sufficient water supply is an important factor affecting the maintenance of the course.

The environment is elegant, well, this is not easy to say, it is naturally the best to meet the standard, and the course should choose an area with elegant environment and pleasant climate, such as lakes, forests, scenic places, hillsides, etc.

The design of the golf course has a certain flexibility, and unlike other sports venues, it does not have a fixed and strict scale requirements, as long as the number of strokes per hole and the length of the fairway are basically met.

Golf courses are generally selected in areas with natural terrain, so an important principle of design is to adapt measures to local conditions, skillfully use the original terrain for existing design, make full use of the original natural landscapes such as mausoleums, mountains, lakes, woodlands, etc., and combine with the competition requirements of the Gower Stadium to reduce the amount of earthwork as much as possible, and carry out comprehensive planning and design. This not only saves investment, but also makes it easy to form its own characteristics. The pursuit of individuality is a major feature of the design of the Gower Stadium, and no two golf courses in the world are exactly the same, and each golf course department has conducted in-depth research on the creation of its own characteristics in order to attract more members.

There are various shapes of tees, such as rectangular, square, and oval, and semi-circular, round, S-shaped, and L-shaped. - The general area is 30-150 square meters, O.3~1.0 meters higher than the surrounding area, in order to facilitate drainage and increase the visibility of the batter, the surface is short grass, which requires a certain hardness and smooth surface of the lawn. Although the tee area is small, it is subject to a very heavy degree of tracking, requiring that the surface water can be quickly removed, and there should be a certain flatness from the perspective of the tee, generally taking l% - 2% of the slight slope.

In terms of fairways, the north-south direction is the ideal fairway direction, and the fairway is generally 90-550 meters long; The width varies from 30 to 55 meters, with an average width of about 41 meters.

The green is a key area of the Gower Stadium. Each green has its own size, shape, contour and surrounding bunkers to create a wealth of challenge and fun. The height of the green turf is required to be between 5.0-6.4 mm and be uniform and smooth. Drainage of the greens is important, and surface water on the greens should be drained from 2 or more directions. The topography of the greens should be designed so that the drainage line of the surface water avoids the direction of foot traffic. Most of the slope of a green should not exceed 3% to guarantee the direction of ball movement after the shot.

If possible, you should also add greens for practice. The practice green is a dedicated practice area for players learning to golf to practice their hole-innings, usually located near the Golof Club and the first tee, and should be able to accommodate 9-18 holes and their alternate positions. The green surface should have a certain slope. Again, 3% is appropriate. In order to ensure the quality of the turf of the practice greens, it is better to have 2 or more practice greens in rotation at a golf course. But Zhou Fangyuan was far from being as complicated as he was, and directly canceled the existence of the practice green, anyway, he was not a professional golf course here, and Beitong did not have a special golf course until he was reborn.

The players here are either pure newcomers and basically have no requirements, or they are familiar with the greens and they don't need the greens for practice. Besides, his club is for internal members, and at all, he doesn't want to make ordinary people's money.

The obstacle zone in the course, which is generally composed of bunkers, pools, and bushes, is designed to punish players for inaccurate shots, and it is much more difficult to get the ball out of the obstacle zone than to hit the ball on the fairway.

The sand pit generally covers an area of 140~380 square meters, and some sand pits can be as high as about 2400 square meters. Most 18-hole golf courses have 40-80 bunkers, which can be determined according to the needs of the game and the designer's design ideas. The bunkers on the course should be set up in a natural way that the player thinks of the right position on the tee. Usually the fairway bunker location is determined by the distance from the tournament tees. The location of the sand pit should also be based on the drainage characteristics of the place, and the sand pit should have good aboveground and underground drainage conditions. In areas with low terrain and adequate underground drainage, or in areas with good seepage conditions under bunkers.

The bunker can be built below the level of the grass, and from the perspective of maintenance and management, the bunker on the green side should be set up 3-3.7 meters away from the green lawn to facilitate the passage of machinery and prevent the sand in the bunker from being blown onto the lawn. The sand thickness in the green base bunker should be at least lO cm, the thickness of the slope or raised sand layer of the bunker should be at least 5cm, and the sand thickness of the fairway bunker should be relatively shallow. The sand requirements for the bunkers at Gower Stadium are relatively strict, and the particle size of more than 75% of the sand should be between 0.25 and O.5 mm. Angular sand is the best choice for sand. The color of the sand is preferably white, brown or light gray, but avoid the sand being too white to make it difficult to see the spheres.

The pool is not only an obstacle to hitting the ball, but also a good landscaping. Pools can be designed within a single fairway, or several fairways can share a single pool. Sometimes the tables or greens are also located on islands surrounded by water to increase the difficulty and fun of hitting the ball and enrich the fairway landscape. The pond is suitable for landscaping, small bridges can be erected, and water fountains or waterfalls can be planned when the area is large and the water source is sufficient.

In addition, the golf course needs to have a sign tree.

The logo tree in the golf course is planted to enable the golfer to calculate the position of the ball when hitting the ball, and is often planted at a distance of 50, 100, 150 and 200 yards from the tee, and a single tree or small tree can be planted at 50 or 150 yards, and two large or small trees can be planted at 100 or 200 yards, so that the batsman can easily judge the departure of the ball when it lands.

In addition to the above-mentioned aspects, the design of golf courses generally includes driving ranges, clubhouses, rest pavilions, etc., which can be flexibly set up according to specific conditions.

In general, although the purpose is not pure, the stadium is not intended to be open to the public, but more for the service of the club. But for the sport of golf, Zhou Fangyuan is very respectful.

"Golf" is a transliteration of GOLF, which is made up of the acronyms of four English words. They are: Green, Oxygen, Light, Friendship. Meaning "green, oxygen, sunshine, friendship", it is a sport that combines the fun of nature, physical exercise and play. Golf is a ball game in which the ball is hit with a bat. Nowadays, modern golf has become synonymous with aristocratic sports, and it is the evolution of a ball game called "hammer pill" in ancient China.

Unlike many other sports, golf is mostly played without the supervision of a referee. The sport relies on the honesty and credibility of each participant to take the initiative to think of other players and consciously follow the rules. No matter how fierce the confrontation is, all players should consciously restrain their behaviour and show politeness and good sportsmanship at all times. That's the essence of golf.

And this may be one of the reasons why many people love golf. There are many people, including the former Zhou Fangyuan, who don't understand the meaning of golf, and how can that tiger Woods be so famous and make money, and how can those so-called upper-class people like golf so much...... But absolutely, the vast majority of people, still because they like golf. I like the feeling of being close to nature and being uninhibited.

Watching the clubhouse take shape day by day, when the golf course was almost the first to be built, Zhou Fangyuan tried to play, and then, himself, sure enough, was quickly attracted by this sport.