How many of the 36 countries in the Western Regions of the Han Dynasty were buried in this yellow sand!

At the beginning, the oasis city-states such as Quli, Qiuzi, Gumo, Wensu, Yutou, and Shule all had relatively developed agriculture or animal husbandry, and they had one thing in common: these oasis city-states were all built in the lower delta or coastal areas of the river, such as the Jingjue country was located in the lower delta of the Niya River, and the last country was located on the alluvial plain along the Cherchen River...

These oasis city-states rely heavily on river irrigation for their agricultural water: the eastern and southern edges of the Taklamakan Desert have loess layers formed in geological time. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info

The water-bearing capacity of the loess layer is strong, so the tails of the rivers are mostly accumulated into swamp lakes in the loess area, thus forming an oasis.

The emergence of human settlements and towns on the oasis is the selection and use of the natural environment by human beings, and at the same time, it also constitutes a destruction of the natural ecological environment in this area - in order to survive, the people on the oasis unknowingly slowly bury themselves in the grave!

At that time, all kinds of production activities carried out by the ancients were carried out on the loess layer, and the loess layer at the edge of the desert was generally relatively thin, after long-term cultivation and other production activities, such as building canals, planting trees, building houses, cities, digging tombs... Often the loess layer is destroyed, so that the surface is fragmented,

Fatally, this is on the edge of the "Sea of Death": under the loess layer, there is silty sand hundreds of meters deep!

When the loess layer is damaged, the river water is prone to leakage, and a large amount of river water seeps into the underground silt layer, thereby reducing the runoff of the river and causing the river to retreat.

Another serious consequence of the destruction of the loess layer is that the underground silt is exposed, which is lifted and moved by the wind, forming mobile sand dunes.

Once these silt sands are exposed, they are true devils, and the dunes will grow bigger and bigger to swallow everything they come across, including oases and civilizations!

"Historically, the demise of many oasis city-states in the surrounding areas of the Taklamakan Desert, in addition to man-made war factors, is almost all related to the changes in the natural environment, that is, the disappearance of rivers and the desertification of cultivated land, and the survival and extinction process of the Elite Kingdom in the tail area of the Niya River also illustrates this!"

The two drove to the cemetery, Zhang Nan took out the hoe and axe he used well from the car, and Guan Xingquan followed with a sapper shovel and a flat basket.

The two went down the big pit, Zhang Nan paused with a hoe and axe, and the sound was not a complete echo of solid soil, and it was estimated that there were at most fifty or sixty centimeters below the coffin board of the tomb.

In the past 2,000 years, the wind and sand have blown away a thick layer of covering soil from the tomb, and the large mound should have been higher.

Otherwise, two people may dig a grave for a few days.

One person with a short-handled hoe, and the other had better stay a little farther away so as not to be injured by mistake.

Guan Xingquan didn't come to join in the fun, so he stood on the edge of the pit and watched Zhang Nan work.

Because he knew the general situation of the coffin below, Zhang Nan did not adopt the method of "punching holes" by ordinary tomb robbers, but adopted the method of "moving mountains" when digging the foundation at the construction site, intending to remove all the soil on the top and open the coffin cover plate as a whole.

This is also the most brutal method used by tomb robbers - to completely expose the entire tomb, and if the contents are useful, they will not miss it!

However, Zhang Nan did this not because he was extremely vicious, but because he found out in his conscience that he planned to leave a relatively complete "home" for the owner of the tomb - no one wanted a big hole in the roof of his prince, and it was estimated that he would die the same.

Shake off the arms and dry it, the thoroughly dried loess is a little hard, but because it contains a small amount of sand, the sharp hoe and axe can chisel down, and a large piece of loess can be cocked every time.

With a length of three meters, from beginning to end in one breath, a layer of loess more than 20 centimeters thick was chiseled and loosened.

Sweating profusely, he took out a large cup of water and poured a large mouthful of slightly salty dried bamboo shoots and vegetable soup, and said to the side: "Brother Guan, it's your turn." ”

Saying that, he stepped into the pit and sat on the edge of the pit as a dead dog!

Guan Xingquan went down to the pit, and the sappers shoveled the soil into the frame, filled it and left.

This action is absolutely swift, and it seems that he has definitely trained a strong earthworking technique in the army.

Half of the loess is far away, and the other half is poured outside the pit, which will be useful later.

From seven o'clock to nine o'clock, there is still an hour before the sun sets: two box coffins are exposed in front of the two of them: the Great Gobi is dry, it is 17800 years old, and the coffins are still well preserved.

If it were in Jiangnan, if the coffin of this age was not protected by green plaster mud, it would have rotted out of the wood slag long ago!

"God forbid, I hope things are here!"

Zhang Nan was chattering in the gods, Guan Xingquan heard it, and said, "If the thing you are looking for is inside, let's leave tomorrow?"

"Well, who wants to stay in this hellish place longer!"

The two of them will be disgraced, and they each poured some Huoxiang Zhengqi water just now, so as not to suffer from heat stroke.

The vast Gobi, who wants to stay here more than two Jiangnan people.

He took out the "pig's mouth mask" used in the two mines from the bag he had put on and put it on each - although I had not heard of any viruses and bacteria in the ancient tomb of Niya that had not died for thousands of years, it was not a big mistake to be careful.

You must know that when he was a native in the Central Plains and the north, Zhang Nan even prepared a gas mask. In the south, there is no need for it at all - the graves are full of dirt, at most there is a special and indescribable smell of earth, and there is no need for these special equipment.

There's nothing wrong with being careful.

One person also wore a pair of rubber gloves, not to prevent any viruses or corpse poison, but for fear that there would be sweat on his hands, which would damage the antiques that had been isolated from the air for nearly 2,000 years.

Zhang Nan's goal is very fragile, it will be damaged if he sees sunlight, and the salt cannot be touched, otherwise there will be no place to cry if he even cries!

Guan Xingquan used a crowbar to repair tires, Zhang Nan used a hoe and axe, and the two of them knocked open the coffin cover in three or two clicks.

It's a bit moral, and I didn't directly smash the spliced coffin cover.

"Wow!"

When the coffin lid was thrown to the side, Guan Xingquan couldn't help but shout softly.

There is basically no mud and sand in the coffin, and it is very clean. A supine corpse wrapped in brocade silk, dressed in a brocade robe, brocade trousers, covered with brocade quilt, and feet with hooked leather shoes and halo pattern wool boots, with bright colors and clear patterns!

"-no!"

Guan Xingquan was very excited, but Zhang Nan was very unhappy: I dug in the wrong place, this tomb is not!

"These have been for nearly two thousand years, and they are still so well preserved!" Guan Xingquan said, and heard Zhang Nan scolding there, "Not what you are looking for?

Zhang Nan took a large opaque sealed drying oven from the side, handed a sealed bag to Guan Xingquan, pointed to the brocade quilt covered by the dry corpse and said: "This brocade quilt is the brocade quilt of Shu real estate at that time, it is dyed and woven by mulberry silk, and it is a miracle that it can be preserved for nearly two thousand years." (To be continued.) )