Chapter 528: Birch Reaction, Dodge Reaction, and Shen Qi Reaction
When Shen Nuofei was a few months old, he learned to roll over and crawl, and he could call his parents.
As the saying goes, there are seven teeth and eight teeth, and today's children are well nourished, and Shen Nuofei will have teeth when he is three or four months old.
One-year-old Shen Nuofei learned to walk, but this girl was naughty and knew how to walk, but she had to ask her father to hug her when she went out, and if she didn't hug her, she would do things.
Shen Qi finished today's work and went out to breathe with his daughter.
"Nofi, you are more than forty pounds, which is equivalent to me taking a walk with a bag of rice every day, good daughter, can you come down and walk by yourself for a while?" Shen Qi said to his daughter, and wanted to put her daughter down.
"Hug!" Shen Nuofei grabbed Shen Qi's clothes and refused to go to the ground.
Shen Nuofei can understand a lot of sentences, and can skillfully use simple words such as "Dad", "Mom", and "Hug".
Nowadays, young parents are becoming more and more knowledgeable and educated, and they are paying more and more attention to their children's early education.
In most families with decent economic conditions, parents will systematically educate their children at a very young age.
It is difficult for ordinary parents to be all-encompassing and understand everything, and all kinds of early education classes are doing a thriving business.
Shen Qi knows a lot of knowledge, and during the time he was a father, he personally guided Shen Nuofei to learn various knowledge.
Mathematics, physics and chemistry, language, English, politics, astronomy and geography, sports, Shen Qi will teach a lot of things, all of which are at the professional level or above, and there is no problem in guiding a one-year-old baby girl.
Only in terms of art, Shen Qi is not professional enough, he wants to teach Shen Nuofei piano, ballet, and belly dance, but unfortunately his level in these artistic fields is limited.
Shen Qi spends half of his day as a dad and the other half as a professor.
The latest report on animal experiments on C01C was sent to Shen Qi, and it has now progressed to dog experiments.
Experimental reports have shown that after taking C01C, the vomiting reaction is quite severe.
There is a diaphragm between the two stomachs of the rat, which prevents the rat from burping or vomiting.
Animal mammals such as dogs, cats, and monkeys are particularly sensitive to vomiting reactions, and they vomit when they eat food that makes them feel uncomfortable.
Vomiting is actually a kind of protection for the organism, and animals that do not vomit are highly susceptible to poisoning.
After the dog took C01C, he vomited so much that he couldn't love it, which attracted Shen Qi's attention.
C01C contains an active substance and must be tested for vomiting reaction.
Vomiting is one of the milder side effects of the drug and is one of the types of side effects that are allowed to pass the review.
But C01C's vomiting reaction in dogs is too sensitive, which makes Shen Qi worried.
The purpose of animal experiments is to observe whether animals have severe allergies, teratogenicity or even death, and drugs that cannot pass animal experiments must not be given to humans, and this drug is not eligible to enter the clinical stage.
Animal experiments usually last for a year, and almost 30% of new drugs fail in animal experiments.
The R&D department of Obeqi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is actually in Yanda, and Shen Qi summoned Lao Yan and Cheng Haonan to re-examine the data of C01C's synthetic route design, structural analysis, and laboratory tests.
"What's wrong with C01C's animal experiment?" asked Lao Yan.
Shen Qi nodded and said: "Yes, the side effects of C01C on experimental dogs are more serious, and one experimental dog was executed by the experimenters because of the extremely violent vomiting reaction and the pain was unbearable. So we need to improve C01C. ”
The laboratory team for a new chemical drug usually consists of about ten chemists and two or three biological researchers.
Shen Qi's drug R&D team consists of three people, Lao Yan and Cheng Haonan are chemists, and the rest of the pits are filled by Shen Qi.
Of course, Shen Qi can recruit some newcomers, but the C01C project is special, C01C was originally synthesized by Shen Qi's team in the Yanda laboratory, and then sold its patent development rights to Obiqi Pharmaceutical at the market price.
As far as the C01C project is concerned, Shen Qi doesn't want too many people to participate in the research and development work, so he can only work hard by himself.
"In fact, making new products is like this, continuous verification, continuous improvement. I have done some new analysis based on pharmacokinetic data from experimental dogs, and C01C contains a longer conjugated side chain with poor flexibility, and theoretically, reducing the double bond of this side chain can increase the activity of the compound. A few letters and numbers in the structural formula of the molecule, reflected in in vivo experiments, can sometimes produce huge differences in effect. Shen Qi talked about his thoughts on improving the nature of C01C.
Cheng Haonan understood what Shen Qi meant, and he asked: "In other words, the synthesis route of C01C, except for the first step, the other steps need to be redesigned?"
"That's right, its parent nucleus is still benzothiazinone, and we have adjusted and optimized its side chain. In order to facilitate the distinction, we internally refer to the compound optimized by C01C as C01C-2. Shen Qi finished the task, Nangang, Obeqi Pharmaceutical continued to promote C01C animal experiments, and monkey experiments will be carried out after all the dog experiments are over.
In the capital, Shen Qi, Lao Yan and Cheng Haonan simultaneously carried out the optimization of C01C-2, focusing on adjusting the structure of the side chain of the parent nucleus of benzothiazinone in the laboratory, and finally obtained the ideal new compound. This new compound can be understood as a derivative of C01C.
In the synthesis experiment of C01C-2, Shen Qi and his team found a problem, after reducing the double bond of the longer conjugated side chain, the yield of the obtained intermediate could not exceed 1% anyway.
It's only a few tenths of a percent yield, and it's still a yarn.
"Isn't right, the yield of using Birch reduction reaction is only 0.52%?"
In organic synthesis, the application of functional group additions in bonding and disconnection is widely used by chemists.
The first step of C01C-2 antisynthesis is to remove the side chain, but it is not easy to break it directly, so Shen Qi and they take the first step to establish a ternary ring, and then add one or two additives to the large ring to strengthen the activity of the whole molecule, and the side chain can be broken.
Until now, the response has been smooth, and it is completely implemented according to Shen Qi's settings.
However, in the end, the Birch reduction reaction was used to obtain the intermediate, and the yield was only 0.52%.
Birch reduction reaction refers to the organic reduction reaction of aromatic rings to 1,4-cyclohexadiene in liquid ammonia with sodium and alcohol.
This reaction was first published by Australian chemist Birch in 1944, and has been widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries and laboratory research and development.
The tried and tested Birch reduction reaction of Lao Yan is still very effective in the synthesis experiment of C01C, but in the optimization experiment of C01C-2, it actually fails?
Shen Qi made a decision, he no longer believed in the miraculous effect of the Birch reaction: "The Birch reaction doesn't work, then let's try the Dodge reaction." ”
"Is there a Dodge reaction?" Lao Yan and Cheng Haonan racked their brains to search in the brain database, and among the many organic name reactions, it seemed that they really couldn't find a Dodge reaction.
"Didn't you?"
"Is there one?"
"Then let's invent a Dodge reaction, forcibly insert a functional group with a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor, and then reduce it with the Birch reaction. Shen Qi writes and draws on scratch paper and has new ideas.
"Don't Dodge react, if there is really this kind of reaction that Boss Shen imagined, according to international practice, it should be named Shen Qi reaction, right?"