Jingdezhen!

Also known as the "porcelain capital", it is known as the world's porcelain capital and one of the four famous towns in the country.

Jingdezhen is known as the "porcelain capital", the porcelain shape is beautiful, the varieties are varied, the decoration is rich, the style is unique, and it is famous for "white as jade, bright as mirror, thin as paper, and sound like chime".

Its blue and white porcelain, exquisite porcelain, pastel porcelain, and color glazed porcelain are collectively known as the four traditional famous porcelains of Jingdezhen.

Historically, Jingdezhen porcelain is not only well-known at home, but also widely known overseas.

According to relevant historical records, people in ancient Southeast Asia, Arabia, Africa and Europe were very fond of Chinese porcelain, especially Jingdezhen porcelain.

Beginning in 1405 A.D. (the third year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty), Zheng He went to the West seven times and carried a large number of porcelain, and Jingdezhen porcelain occupies an important position.

Chen Zhisui's poem "Jingdezhen": "Mo Xiao digs the mountain with thick hands, and works into a clay tool to move the royal capital." In the past dynasties, there were people from overseas, and the high ridge was rugged and smooth. ”

The poem simply records the historical traces of the "porcelain capital" and writes the status of Jingdezhen porcelain in the international market.

Later, the famous ceramic archaeologist of the island country led the scholars in Southeast Asia and Africa to investigate a large number of fragments of ancient Chinese ceramics exported to Asian and African countries, and wrote the book "Ceramic Road", calling the Maritime Silk Road the ceramic road, and also the international trade road of ancient Jingdezhen ceramics.

Therefore, Jingdezhen's reputation is not only in China, but also abroad, and even in the whole world.

This is also the reason why many famous porcelain families appear in Jingdezhen.

It is said that ceramics are everywhere in Jingdezhen......

"Xiao Zhang, do you know about this Jingdezhen porcelain?" asked Hong Lao as he prepared to check in.

Xiao Zhang nodded, he really did his homework.

"Hong Lao, I still know something, this porcelain is one of the important inventions of the Chinese working people, is the crystallization of its wisdom and strength, and Jingdezhen ceramics began in the Han Dynasty, Jingdezhen in the five dynasties to the south of the earliest white porcelain to burn white porcelain and its white porcelain higher achievements and laid their own position, thus breaking the monopoly of celadon in the south and the formation of the pattern of blue and white in the south and the north, for the production of Qingbai porcelain in the Song Dynasty, for the development of the porcelain industry in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties has an extremely important role, Jingdezhen ceramics are a large number of art ceramics, Porcelain for life and furnishings, known for white porcelain, complete variety, has reached more than 3,000 kinds of product names, excellent porcelain, light shape, diverse decoration, in terms of decoration there are blue and white, glaze red, ancient color, pastel, bucket color, new color, underglaze color, blue and white exquisite, etc., especially blue and white, pastel products for the bulk of the color, color glaze for the famous product, glaze varieties are many, there are blue, blue, red, yellow, black and other categories, Hong Lao, what am I talking about?"

Hong Lao nodded.

The basic knowledge of this depression is very solid, and it can be said that it is very thorough.

Hong Lao continued to ask: "What about the development history of Jingdezhen?"

Xiao Zhang thought for a while and continued: "Jingdezhen is the representative and symbol of the country of porcelain, with a long history of porcelain making, exquisite porcelain, famous all over the world, and known as the porcelain capital. ”

After a pause, Xiao Zhang continued: "Tracing its international influence, there were refined products exported to foreign countries in the Middle Ages, the international market position of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen, the porcelain capital of Jingdezhen, the history of porcelain production in Jingdezhen has a long history, the Tang Dynasty fired white porcelain as white as jade, it is known as fake jade, in the Song Dynasty, the imperial honor, that is, the emperor Song Zhenzong gave the year name Jingde to Jingdezhen, so Jing porcelain is famous all over the world. ”

Xiao Zhang said this, smiled and looked at Hong Lao and continued: "After that, the three dynasties of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties became the national porcelain-making center where the world's kilns gathered. ”

"Elegant and beautiful blue and white, colorful painting, colorful and gorgeous color glaze, exquisite and transparent thin tires, ingenious sculptures, all are treasures of traditional culture and art, in the Qianlong period, Jingdezhen porcelain kilns are many, and widely distributed, in addition to the official kiln, there are two or three hundred private kilns, tens of thousands of craftsmen, the blue and white porcelain picture produced during the period is clear and clean, the color is emerald blue and bright, giving people a fresh and bright feeling, the color of the porcelain is strong, magnificent, compared with the Ming Dynasty and there is development. Xiao Zhang continued.

Xiao Zhang paused, and finally said: "The enamel porcelain made of Western oil painting on the porcelain embryo is stimulated to paint, and then fired in the kiln, which blends China and the West, is extremely exquisite, and is the special product of the imperial palace. ”

Hong Lao nodded and said: "Yes! The history of Jingdezhen is very brilliant, from the Song Dynasty, Jingdezhen porcelain is famous for its dexterity, elegance and beauty of the shadow celadon, this kind of shadow celadon is fired successfully on the basis of the five dynasties of celadon and white porcelain, the shadow celadon porcelain processing is delicate and delicate, has the reputation of "plain muscle jade bone", the glaze is white in the blue, the green is white, smooth as jade, plus the underglaze porcelain is engraved with a variety of fine patterns, the three are combined with each other, complement each other, complement each other, form a "color than Qiongjiu" The shadow celadon, which has fine beauty, clear and elegant, "light and beautiful" outstanding style, has become an extremely precious variety in the history of ceramics in China, so that it can be among the famous kilns of the Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty Jingdezhen porcelain industry has shown a prosperous situation, according to archaeological discoveries, the Song Dynasty kiln site distribution to more than 30 places, there are kilns "more than 300", the type of ceramics has also developed to hundreds of kinds, the Jingdezhen of the Song Dynasty not only fired a warm and moist jade, a wide variety of shadow blue glaze carved porcelain, and successfully fired a large number of different shapes, The unique style of shadow blue glazed porcelain carving and imitation of a variety of colors of glazed porcelain. ”

Hong Lao said: not only the glory of the Song Dynasty, in the Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen of the Yuan Dynasty successfully fired blue and white porcelain and glaze red porcelain, which are two very distinctive and precious categories, blue and white coloring strength, color stability, decoration never fades, and the style is beautiful and elegant, plain and beautiful, smooth and translucent blue and white glaze and plain and elegant white tire ingeniously matched, set off each other, quite the characteristics of Chinese ink painting, and marked the arrival of a new era from plain porcelain to colored porcelain, Yuan blue and white with its multi-layered, full picture, primary and secondary decorative features and mainly painted and engravedThe decoration techniques of scratching and printing have opened up a new way for the development of ceramic art in our country, and the glaze red is painted with copper red material on the tire, and the decorative cover is fired with transparent glaze in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere, so that the red pattern porcelain under the glaze is fired, and the firing is difficult and the color is gorgeous, so that it is still an extremely precious porcelain category today. The glaze red can be used to decorate porcelain alone, or it can be combined with blue and white, called blue and white glaze red, and the two complement each other and are extremely precious. ”

Speaking of blue and white porcelain, and talking about red in the glaze! Xiao Zhang not only had these two special porcelain varieties in mind!

This represents the historical transformation of China's ceramics!