Meeting room on the fourth floor.

A huge conference table was firmly in the center, and the first person to sit was Professor Wang, the keynote speaker of the day.

On both sides of him were several teachers from the academy, and Teacher Jiang Lan was on his right hand.

Those who can sit on the table are basically the protégés of the professors in the college, and students like Cao Xiuyan can only sit on the plastic stool at the back.

However, Cao Xiuyan glanced at it, there are not many undergraduates in the entire college who can participate in this lecture, and he is the only freshman.

It is no wonder that this lecture was originally aimed at graduate students, and many undergraduates came to audit, and they also came with the intention of going to graduate school in the future.

There were a lot of seniors sitting crowded around him, all of whom were students who were preparing for the graduate school entrance examination or graduation thesis in their junior year and planned to do ancient Chinese studies.

Why are there no seniors......

Chinese Department, where did the seniors come from?

There are 30 people in a class, only three or four boys, what kind of seniors do you want?

Sitting in the center of this group of senior sisters, Cao Xiuyan didn't feel embarrassed, but it was a little crowded, and the senior sister next to him always hit people with the ball.

It's not a big deal, I can withstand it.

Cao Xiuyan opened his notebook, turned on the recording function of his mobile phone, and planned to record the entire lecture and go back to organize it slowly.

This is also the result of Teacher Jiang Lan's consent.

Professor Wang was wearing a pair of rimless glasses, he was very kind, cleared his throat, and began the lecture.

"Today, I was invited by the Faculty of Humanities to give this lecture and talk about the core words of Chinese. There is a linguist named Swadis in the United States, who has compiled a list of more than 200 core words from a statistical point of view, with the Indo-European language family as the main reference. He thinks that all languages should contain these more than 200 words. This is where the core word comes from.

"We are studying the core words today, mainly based on the two hundred core words of Swadiz. This form is available online, you can look for it. In fact, it is the words we often use, such as you, me, him, mom and dad. It's just that these concepts are called differently at different times. For example, what did we call our dad in the past? Father, Daddy. And now? Daddy, Daddy. Like the title Daddy, it is influenced by foreign words. ”

......

"What are the aspects from which the study of core words should be carried out? sound, shape, meaning, parts of speech, combination relationship, aggregation relationship, diachronic evolution, and dialect differences. Sound is the evolution of the word from ancient times to the present, how to pronounce the ancient sound, how to pronounce it in the Middle Ages, and how to pronounce it now. How to write it in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, how to write it in the Qin and Han dynasties, how to write it in the Tang and Song dynasties, and how to write simplified characters now. What about righteousness? How did this term be expressed in ancient times? How was it expressed in the Middle Ages? How is it expressed now?"

......

"I once wrote a book called "Research on the Evolution of Common Words in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Sui Dynasty", which is to study the evolution of the Chinese vocabulary system in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Sui period. We all know that at this time, the Chinese vocabulary underwent drastic changes, including the introduction of Buddhism, which brought great changes to the Chinese vocabulary system at this time. Of course, this book is relatively early, and I have been making some revisions to this book recently. ”

......

"At present, the study of the core words of the Chinese language is still carried out according to the 200 core words of Swadis. At present, everyone's research is mainly centered on the meaning of the word, that is, the study of what is the meaning of the word and what words are mainly used in various periods. These words seem to have a very simple meaning, but in fact it is difficult to grasp their meaning in the context of historical evolution. Our Chinese language is so broad and profound, and the usage, part of speech, and meaning of each word are different in different periods, which brings great difficulties to our research. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately grasp the meaning of these core words, and not to play them arbitrarily. ”

......

"Nowadays, there are basically two modes of research on common words, one is the study of group pair succession, and the other is the study of semantic field or concept field. It is a study of the "grouping" of words, emphasizing the connection and systematization between words. It goes without saying that both models should be based on the study of the evolution of "words", and the clearer and more thorough the understanding of the evolution history of "words", the more detailed and in-depth the study of replacement and semantic fields will be. ”

......

"Well, that's all I have to say. Teacher Jiang, shall we take a rest first?"

After Professor Wang finished speaking, he took a sip of water and proposed to pause for a while and take a break.

Cao Xiuyan's brain was constantly running, analyzing what Professor Wang said and organizing it into a text.

It's just an outline, and the more specific content will have to be added slowly after listening to the recording. In particular, he didn't have time to write down many of the examples that Professor Wang just mentioned, and he had to slowly search for literature to confirm them one by one.

Listening to this kind of academic lecture, Cao Xiuyan will sort out the outline while listening, mark out the key points, then go back to listen to the recording, and then go to the professor's paper, and finally make an appointment with Boguan.

Such a troublesome method must not have been thought up by Cao Xiuyan, Cao Xiuyan listened to lectures in his last life, that is, he listened to Yile, and later went out and pretended to say that I had listened to someone's lectures, and it was quite powerful.

This method was taught to him by Lu Zixi, and this was also the first time Cao Xiuyan used it.

The first time, it is inevitable to be a little nervous, come a few more times, and get used to it.

Taking advantage of the break, Cao Xiuyan sorted out the questions that he had sorted out before, and was ready to ask Professor Wang questions later.

I hope those critics in the front row won't bump into their own problems.

This is the most peculiar.

Professor Wang just went out for a while and came back to continue the lecture.

Next came the free question session, when Professor Wang said "students who have questions can ask questions", Cao Xiuyan immediately raised his hand.

Maybe Cao Xiuyan was too conspicuous in a circle of girls, and Professor Wang immediately noticed him.

"The guy sitting in the back, yes. Professor Wang clicked on Cao Xiuyan.

Cao Xiuyan stood up, and the senior sisters around him all looked at him.

First bowed, Cao Xiuyan began to ask:

"Teacher Wang, I have a question that may not be very mature, I hope you can solve it. I remember Professor Jiang Shaoyu saying that 'the issue of data must be paid attention to in any language research'. In the study of the evolution of core words, the corpus is basically the literature of the past, and it is mainly the literature of the hand-me-down. However, because there will be errors in the process of copying and using the handed down documents, it will have a certain impact on the research to a greater or lesser extent. So I would like to ask, how do you think the corpus should be viewed in the research process, or what issues should be paid attention to?"

Professor Wang listened carefully to Cao Xiuyan's question, and nodded his head as he listened, very patiently.

After Cao Xiuyan finished his question, Professor Wang smiled happily and said, "Your question is very valuable. So let me answer that question. Indeed, corpus plays an important role in the study of common words, and whether the corpus is used correctly sometimes determines whether the conclusion is correct or not. In order to reach the correct conclusion, I believe that the following points should be paid attention to in the selection of corpus.

"First, attention should be paid to the corpus that has been falsified or tampered with. As you said, some documents can be miscopied during the copying process. So here's something to be aware of.

Second, attention should be paid to the corpus of the doubtful times. This problem is too deadly. Many ancient texts are inscribed with questionable authors and dates, and conclusions may not be reliable if they are used as the basis for the material. Therefore, I believe that the study of the evolution of common words should be based on the principle of embroidery and fine work. In particular, in cases where there are only isolated cases, such literature cannot be used as an argument.

Third, attention should be paid to the corpus that mixes in the content of his book. Some documents have no problem with their own era and authorship, but they have been supplemented and revised by later generations in the process of circulation, or they have been re-edited by later generations after they have been dispersed, resulting in a complex composition of the current text. The study of common words should use these documents as arguments, and special attention should be paid to distinguishing, otherwise wrong conclusions will be drawn. ”

The humble eyes, the body leaning forward slightly, and the pen and paper that can't stop recording.

Cao Xiuyan shows the image of a good student who is humbly taught.

"Thank you Mr. Wang for answering questions, and the students still have a doubt, which I just thought of. Students feel that some of the literature has undergone a process of "accumulation" since it was written, and that the various parts are different in time, and the names of later generations are different, and they do not distinguish between the text and the annotations. For example, "Cangjie Chapter", which was first written by Li Si, was later combined in the Han Dynasty with "Cangjie Chapter", "Calendar Chapter", and "Erudite Chapter", which was also called "Cangjie Chapter". Therefore, should we also pay attention to the problem of successive generations in the process of corpus selection?"

Cao Xiuyan extended this question further.

Professor Wang did not hesitate, and nodded directly: "Yes, you are right. This is also something we should pay attention to. You're good. ”

Cao Xiuyan bowed again and said, "Thank you, Mr. Wang, for answering questions, thank you." ”

With that, he sat down.

The moment he sat down, Cao Xiuyan saw Teacher Jiang Lan smiling at him, his eyes full of appreciation.

The purpose was achieved.

This lecture is also a process of brushing your face, but not to Professor Wang, but to Teacher Jiang Lan. Professor Wang may have forgotten about him after sleeping tonight, but Teacher Jiang Lan is different.

This is also the reason why Cao Xiuyan asked this question, brushing his face in front of Teacher Jiang Lan.

In the novel, the protagonist asks a question and is shocked by many bigwigs, and then all kinds of operations at the peak of life will not appear.

Cao Xiuyan is an ordinary reborn, mediocre.

He knew that Professor Wang would not remember him, and maybe when he mentioned it again in a few years, he would just politely say, "Oh, yes, I have an impression".

But Teacher Jiang Lan is different, Cao Xiuyan's performance, she watched the whole process.

In fact, Cao Xiuyan's views are not his own. It was proposed in a paper he had seen in his previous life.

It seems to be ......

Written by Professor Wang's disciple......

The Reborn are so unscrupulous.

[The smile gradually becomes perverted]

After Cao Xiuyan sat down, the senior sister next to him who hit people with the ball touched Cao Xiuyan with her elbow.

Cao Xiuyan pretended not to feel it.

Why don't you use the ball? If you use the ball, I'll turn my head.

I pushed it again.

Cao Xiuyan turned his head and said politely: "Hello classmate, is there something wrong?"

"Hit someone with the ball" came over, stuck to Cao Xiuyan, and said excitedly: "Classmate, are you also going to take the graduate school entrance examination? I see that you have memorized a lot of things, can you communicate after the lecture?"

Cao Xiuyan said with some embarrassment: "It's no problem to communicate, I'm also new to contact, and I will ask for more advice in the future." ”

"Hit someone with the ball" and said: "Classmates, let's add a WeChat, let's communicate more in the future." You can also make an appointment with a postgraduate study room library or something~ By the way, my name is Li Yuting, what do you call it?"

As he spoke, he brought the QR code over.

Cao Xiuyan was so embarrassed that he was out of the sky, and after adding her WeChat, he added: "Senior sister, I don't want to take the graduate school entrance examination...... I'm only a freshman...... You can call me Cao Xiuyan. ”

Li Yuting was stunned.

This handsome guy is only a freshman?

Can you drag it like this in your freshman year?

But the junior ......

It's exciting.

Cao Xiuyan glanced at the WeChat avatar of this senior sister.

It's a selfie, visually it should be summer, and it's cooler to wear.

The senior sister is still very good-looking, a slightly chubby girl, with very good facial features, and some places ......

It's full.

It occurred to him ......

What if something happens to this senior sister......

Wouldn't you wake up every morning with facial cleanser?

Or......

Breakfast milk?