Chapter 113 Planck Photoelectric Effect Constant Determination Experiment
Shang Yiyun knew in his heart how much his teacher Chen Dezhi had helped him during this time, and it was precisely because he was clear that he was even more grateful.
"Teacher, during this time, with your help, I feel that I have made great progress, and my practical ability is improving rapidly. Shang Yiyun knew in his heart that the old man in front of him had high hopes for himself, and he didn't want to disappoint the other party.
Hearing Shang Yiyun's words, Chen Dezhi showed a smile on his face, in his life, he did not become an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which became his regret, and now he just wants to cultivate a student who can become an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Taking advantage of the fact that there was still time this afternoon, Chen Dezhi was going to take Shang Yiyun to do an experiment, which was called the Planck Photoelectric Effect Constant Determination Experiment.
When a certain frequency of light hits some metal surface, electrons can escape from the metal surface, a phenomenon known as the photoelectric effect. The electrons produced are called photoelectrons. The photoelectric effect cannot be explained by the classical electromagnetic theory of light. When an electron in a metal absorbs a photon with frequency v, it obtains the full energy hv of the photon, and if this energy is greater than the work W required for the electron to escape from the confinement of the metal surface, the electron will escape from the metal......
This is the experimental principle of this experiment, and when he came before, he recalled these contents in his heart, so he had some expectations for the next experiment.
When the two of them came to the laboratory, they found that there were many people in the laboratory doing experiments, even if they felt that someone was coming in from outside, no one looked up to watch, and they needed to have this kind of serious attitude when doing experiments.
Shang Yiyun followed Chen Dezhi to an experimental table, Chen Dezhi first checked the experimental equipment, and after finding that there was no problem, he handed the experimental table to Shang Yiyun and asked him to start experimenting.
As for Chen Dezhi, he sat on the sidelines and watched.
Before the experiment began, Shang Yiyun first made the preparations before the experiment.
The first step is to turn on the tester and mercury lamp and preheat it for 20 minutes.
Then check to ensure that the light shielding cover of the mercury lamp and the photocell camera obscura is covered, align the light output port of the mercury lamp camera obscura with the light input port of the photocell camera obscura box, and adjust the distance between the photocell and the mercury lamp to about 40cm and keep it unchanged.
Then use a special cable to connect the voltage input terminal of the photocell obscura box with the voltage output terminal of the tester (on the rear panel) (note: the port connection color should be consistent, red to red, blue to blue).
Finally, after the instrument is fully warmed up, it is necessary to zero before testing. Set the Current Range selector switch in the appropriate setting and rotate the Zero knob to indicate the current at 000.0 (i.e., at the "+""-" zero transition point). After adjustment, connect the current output terminal of the photocell cassette with a high-frequency matching cable and the microcurrent input terminal of the experimenter, and press the "Zero Adjustment Confirmation/System Clear" button to enter the test state.
Every step, Shang Yiyun didn't dare to be careless, he took it seriously, he didn't want any mistakes.
At this time, Chen Dezhi saw Shang Yiyun's rigorous and serious attitude, and showed an approving gaze.
After making the preparations, Shangyi Cloud began the real experiment.
Set the "Current Range" selector switch to the selected gear (-2V-30V) (10-10A when measuring volt-ampere characteristics) and zero before testing. The photoelectric effect tester will automatically enter the zeroing state after turning on or changing the current range.
When adjusting the zero, the current output of the dark box K of the high and low bar should be disconnected from the microcurrent input end of the experimenter, and the "zero" knob should be rotated to make the current indication 000.0. After adjustment, the current input is connected with a special cable, and the system enters the test state. Switch the "Volt-Ampere Characteristic Test/Containment Voltage Test" status key to the volt-ampere characteristic test setting. A 4mm diameter diaphragm and a 0.365nm color filter are mounted on the optical input port of the photocell chamber (when measuring the volt-ampere characteristic curve, the voltage adjustment range is -2, 30V, and the step size is customized.)
The measured UAK and I data are recorded, and the volt-ampere characteristic curves of the above given wavelengths are made on the coordinate paper......
Half an hour later, Shang Yiyun looked at the experiment report in his hand, his serious face stretched out, and he smiled.
Through this experiment, I deepened my understanding of the quantum nature of light, and learned to use the highest frequency filter to measure the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photocell, and through the weak current characteristics of the photocell, I measured the stopping voltage at different frequencies, and most importantly, I found the Planck constant through my own experiments.
After handing the experiment report in his hand to Chen Dezhi, he waited until the other party read it and wanted to hear what the other party had to say.
After Chen Dezhi took the experimental report, he watched it carefully, and after a period of time, Chen Dezhi also showed a smile on his face, and it seemed that he was very satisfied.
This experiment is a very difficult experiment for a first-year student, if you ask a first-year student to do it, 90% of the time will fail, but your own student will succeed.
"Yi Yun, now it seems that you can complete the experiment alone, and in the future, you don't need me to watch, you have to remember one thing, if you want to become a world-famous physicist, it is not enough to only learn the theory well, you also need to do experiments to verify the theory. ”
Shang Yiyun kept all the teacher's teachings in mind, he didn't know if this situation was considered a teacher, but the master-apprentice relationship between him and Chen Dezhi would be maintained forever.
After doing this experiment, Chen Dezhi left the laboratory, but Shangyiyun did not leave, the research and development of neutrino communication technology needs the support of hardware, and in order to get this hardware, it is necessary to develop a new material.
Now, he has some clues, but the research and development of new materials is not an overnight thing, and the experiment is just to explore the way.
Put the materials that need to be used on the experimental table, and start the experiment, not long after, Shang Yiyun looked at a pair of black ashes on the experimental table, his face showed helplessness, although he had expected it, but when it really happened, he was still a little congested.
The first attempt ended in failure, and after looking at the time, it was time to eat, and he left the laboratory.
At this time, there are not many people in the cafeteria, so there will be no queues.
After dinner, he had to go back and change his clothes, now he is wearing a white coat, and he has evening self-study in the evening, so he can't wear this kind of clothes to evening self-study.
After a simple bowl of noodles, Shang Yiyun returned to the dormitory, he didn't expect the dormitory to be locked, this is a strange thing, in the past, when there was no class, there would be at least one person in the dormitory, but this time the group went out, but it was a little unexpected for him.
What did the rest of the dormitory do?Shang Yiyun had a question in his heart.