Zhuge Liang "Out of the Teacher's Table" / He Yongqi

[Interpretation • He Yongqi]

Zhuge Liang's "Teacher's Table", in fact, there are two copies in total; it is divided into two articles; it is generally believed that there is only one article in the "Teacher's Table", which is the recommendation written by Zhuge Liang to the later lord Liu Chan before he set out to conquer Qishan. The content mainly mentions how to govern Shu during the period after Zhuge Liang's expedition.

The teacher's table reflects the internal crisis faced by Wei, Shu, Wu, and the middle Shu State. This crisis is not new now, it has existed since Liu Bei's death.

Zhuge Liang was entrusted by Liu Bei to be orphaned and managed the Shu Kingdom for a period of time. After Liu Chan ascended the throne, the affairs of Shu were also to seek Zhuge Liang's opinion first, and then promulgate it.

At this time, it is not that there are no contradictions in Shu, but Zhuge Liang has suppressed the contradictions. From this point of view, Liu Chan, as the queen master, just listened to Zhuge Liang's opinion, and it was Zhuge Liang who really took the power.

Zhuge Liang was loyal to Liu Bei's kindness! He concentrated on governing Shu and had no selfish motives. What about Liu Chan? Liu Chan respects Zhuge Liang, and this is also true; it's just that if this goes on like this for a long time, Liu Chan will always have the psychological burden of being controlled by others.

Judging from the situation of the Three Kingdoms at this time, Wei, Shu, and Wu are already in a stable situation. Next, each of them began to govern the people's livelihood in the country, so that they could prosper separately and maintain a posture of checks and balances.

Judging from the geographical location, Shu is not rich! But there is absolutely no problem with strengthening the army. The land here in Shu is relatively fertile, forming a situation to balance the Wei State, and there is no problem with that.

The main problem of Shu is with the generals and officials. After Zhuge Liang's death, there was only his disciple Jiang Wei in Shu, who was supporting Liu Chan! In the later period, there were no more generals in Shu.

From the perspective of governing the country, it is the best policy for Shu to rest and raise troops and appease the people. Don't work hard and lose money, you must know that although Wei, Shu, Wu, and the three kingdoms have become a foregone conclusion, because of the different qualities of their respective generals and officials, this is reflected at the national level, which is strong and weak. They are still in a kind of invisible mutual checks and balances, Zhuge Liang saw this.

Although Shu at this time is the peace of the country and the people, this is only temporary. In the near future, Wei is likely to attack Shu, and eventually Shu will cease to exist. Therefore, it must have been Zhuge Liang's idea to go to Qishan, and he wanted to keep the long-term peace and stability of Shu, which was the main reason for Zhuge Liang's expedition to Qishan in the west.

At this time, the "Wei State" was still the biggest threat to Shu, and at this time, the Wei State had no intention of attacking Shu, and it still chose to rest and raise its troops. Wei did not have any major military movements.

The environment of the Three Kingdoms, Wei, Shu, and Wu is like this. Each of them is in the stage of stable development and is in its own strong country. Obviously, if Zhuge Liang does not go west to Qishan at this time??—— it is completely okay.

That is to say: at this time, Zhuge Liang's expedition to Qishan is not necessary at present. Does it mean that Zhuge Liang miscalculated? No, he saw what would happen in the near future, that is, in ten years' time.

For Liu Chan of Shu and Sun Quan of Wu, they only had a ten-year development period, and after ten years, Wei would annex Shu and Wu. This is Zhuge Liang, what he saw! In fact, it is also terrifying, Zhuge Liang's heart is full of worry. Although Shu is still very peaceful now, ten years later, it will be dangerous. The terrible thing is that at this time, the whole of Shu is still unaware, and they are still enjoying peace in singing and dancing. The crisis will appear in ten years, and Zhuge Liang sees it. You must know that Zhuge Liang is also old! If you wait any longer, you will not be able to change this defeat. Zhuge Liang's expedition to Qishan in the west is not necessary at the moment! Zhuge Liang is afraid that after his death, the destruction of Shu will become a foregone conclusion. He wanted to change the situation in ten years, which was equivalent to "gambling"! But Zhuge Liang had no other way, and his heart was full of uneasiness.

In this way, after Liu Bei's death, the Three Kingdoms formed a Ding posture. However, among the three, Wei is still the most powerful! That is to say: "Shu and Wu have barely formed this situation." They no longer have the strength to fight another war with Wei."

Let's compare and see how the early three families are different from the current Wei, Shu, and Wu. It is used to discover the current crisis in Shu and Wu......

In the early days, Cao Cao coerced the Son of Heaven to order him not to be subordinate, Cao Cao actually had little strength on his own, he just took the opportunity to become famous. I have to say that Cao Cao is very powerful! Being able to survive under Dong Zhuo's influence is not something that ordinary people can do. Cao Cao's distinctive characteristic is that he "knows how to employ people," so there are more military divisions and generals under him; Cao Cao loves to be "suspicious," but he also has merits, and he can reward Cao Cao for his meritorious deeds. In any case, Cao Cao still loves his talents, and there are many people who are willing to work for him.

In terms of strength and strength, I was inferior to Yuan Shao, but I won the battle of Guandu. This has to be said to be a miracle of Cao Cao! In the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao was defeated, and he was about to lie down.

If Cao Cao was defeated, Shao would take advantage of the victory to pursue and fight directly to Luoyang, and then learn from Cao Cao and coerce the Son of Heaven to order the princes! At that time, Cao Cao had no choice but to escape. Yuan Shao talked about rewards, he was not as neat as Cao Cao. Yuan Shao's strength comes from "geographical advantage".

What about Sun Quan? There were loyal generals and strategists such as Lu Meng and Zhou Yu. Wu Guoren is also good at water warfare, and at this time, whether it is Cao Cao or Liu Bei, they can't help Sun Quan.

Although he has a large number of generals and Zhuge Liang as a strategist, Cao Cao beats Liu Beishu, and he can't bear it at all. Even Sun resisted Cao, which did not benefit Sun Quan much. If Sun Quan did not unite with Liu Bei, Wu would not have perished in a short time, on the contrary, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang would be in danger at that time. Although Liu Bei had Zhuge Liang, he had many generals at that time, but he was still no match for Cao Cao, and it was easy for Cao Cao to destroy Liu Bei.

Looking back now, the Shu Kingdom at that time of the later lord Liu Chan had no more talented strategists. Zhuge Liang is still there, Jiang Wei is still there, but at this time, Zhuge Liang is also old.

Jiang Wei's strategy is not good.

After Zhuge Liang's death, Shu was no longer available, but what about Wei? On the contrary, Deng Ai and Sima Yi were both emerging generals of Wei at that time, which made Wei much stronger.

We know that this war was provoked by Zhuge Liang's westward expedition. The attacking side is the Shu State represented by Zhuge Liang, and the defending side is the Wei State. Sima Yi was finally sent to Qishan by the Emperor of Wei to defend Zhuge Liang. At the beginning, Sima Yi was not in Qishan.

Zhuge Liang attacked six times before and after, but failed to defeat the fortress defended by Sima Yi, and after the failure of the last attack, Zhuge Liang also died of depression.

In other words: Zhuge Liang's westward expedition to Qishan, this strategy was a failure. Without his westward expedition, Shu could continue to develop for a while.

Then there is a question: why did Zhuge Liang go west during the peace period of Shu??—— Zhuge Liang's westward expedition hastened the demise of Shu.

The next part of the teacher's list was written by Zhuge Liang to Liu Chan before he died. It is not as famous as the previous part, and there are not too many people who pay attention to it! In the second part of the teacher's table, Zhuge Liang sincerely gave Liu Chan a last chance to keep the Shu Kingdom. That is to say: "After Zhuge Liang's death, Shu has not died immediately, and Shu has survived for a few years."

If when Zhuge Liang went west, Shu's development opportunity was fifteen years, then what about after his westward expedition? Within seven years, Shu would have died.

Zhuge Liang's westward expedition really hastened the destruction of the Shu Kingdom! This is an indisputable fact.

Without Zhuge Liang's westward expedition, Shu would still have perished, but not in just a few years.

The question is Zhuge Liang, does he know that he will lose the Western Expedition??

Zhuge Liang is known as a clever man, does he know that the western expedition to Qishan will fail? ?

The answer is: "Zhuge Liang knows that it will be difficult, but he is still sure."

He didn't expect that Sima Yi was something he couldn't guess.

That is to say: Sima Yi is different from ordinary people who lead troops to fight. Zhuge Liang can know people, but Sima Yi can't guess it.

Sima Yi was too smart, he replied to Zhuge Liang's war letter, saying: Kong Ming Da Zhuge , you can come to me with steel, I can be soft, and people with great spirit will not last long.

Zhuge Liang scolded Sima Yi, who did not have the demeanor of a general, but looked like a woman. What about Sima Yi? He stood on the city tower, showing Zhuge Liang his male and female companions, and yelling! Zhuge Kongming, look at me! Cherry has a small mouth, his face is rouge eggplant, and the three-inch golden lotus is a mallet, is it beautiful?

There was no way, Sima Yi vomited blood from Zhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang's "Teacher Table":

The first emperor did not start a business, and the middle way collapsed; today, under three points, Yizhou is tired, and this sincerity is in danger of survival.

However, the ministers of the guards are unremitting inside, and the loyal people forget themselves outside, covering the special encounter of the first emperor, and want to repay it to His Majesty.

It is advisable to open the Holy Listening, to the legacy of the first emperor of light, to magnify the spirit of the heroes, and not to be vain, to quote the unrighteousness, and to plug the road of loyalty.

In the palace and in the house, they are all one, and it is not appropriate to punish Zang or not, and it is not appropriate to be similar or different. If anyone commits a criminal offense and is a good person, it is appropriate to pay a reward for his punishment. With the principle of His Majesty's fairness, it is not appropriate to be partial and make the internal and external laws different. Shizhong, Shilang Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc., are all good and honest, loyal and pure, and they are the first emperor to pull out His Majesty. Foolishly thinking that the things in the palace are no big or small, and if they are consulted and then implemented, they will be able to make up for the omissions and benefit from them. The general is favored, the sex is gentle, and the military is Xiaochang, and it is tried to be used in the past, and the first emperor called it energy, and it is to be favored by the public. If you fool you think that the things in the camp are consulted, you will be able to make the battle peaceful, and the good and the bad will be rewarded.

Pro-virtuous ministers, far villains, this first Han so prosperous; pro-villains, far virtuous ministers, after which the Han so declined.

When the first emperor was there, whenever he discussed this matter with his ministers, he did not sigh and hate Yu Huan and Lingye. Servants, Shangshu, long history, joining the army, this minister of the good and good death, may His Majesty believe in it, then the Han family will be long, and the days can be counted.

Zhuge Liang said:

Chenben cloth, ploughing in Nanyang, living in troubled times, not seeking to reach the princes. The first emperor was not despicable to his ministers, he was humiliated, and he looked after his ministers in the grass house, and the ministers were grateful for the things of the world, so he allowed the first emperor to drive. After the overthrow, when he was entrusted with the defeat of the army, he was ordered to be in danger, and he was twenty years old.

The first emperor knew that the ministers were cautious, so they were about to collapse and send their ministers to major events. Since receiving the order, he has been lamenting all night, fearing that the entrustment will not work, so as to hurt the wisdom of the first emperor, so he crossed Lu in May and went deep into the hair. Now the south has been decided, the armor is sufficient, when the award rate of the three armies, the north of the Central Plains, the exhaustion of the dull, the elimination of the traitors, the revival of the Han Dynasty, and the return to the old capital.

This minister reported that the emperor was loyal to His Majesty's office. As for the consideration of profits and losses, and the full range of advice, it is important to do so, and to allow it. May Your Majesty entrust the ministers with the effect of seeking the revival of the thief, and if it does not work, the crime of the ministers will be punished, so as to sue the spirit of the emperor. If there is no word of virtue, then the responsibility, Yi, and permission are slow, so as to show their blame, and Your Majesty should also seek to seek his own way, to consult the good way, to chana Yayan, to pursue the edict of the first emperor, and the ministers are grateful. Now stay away, and don't know what to say.

Judging from the content of the teacher's table, the western expedition to Qishan was indeed Zhuge Liang's idea. He told Liu Chan, the queen of the rear, about Liu Bei's invitation to go out of the mountain. Zhuge Liang said that he was a hermit, but he didn't look like it! He was hidden in his body and mind, but he didn't meet the master.

Liu Biao didn't look down on Zhuge Liang at all, and he wouldn't invite him; only Liu Bei had no strength to send people under the fence, so he went to invite Zhuge Liang.

For Zhuge Liang, if no one invites him, he will enter the coffin with his ideals, and this Zhuge Liang also knows. Therefore, Zhuge Liang looked forward to having a wise leader to appreciate him. In fact, if Cao Cao came to invite him?—— would Zhuge Liang go? Cao Cao came to invite Zhuge Liang, and he would also agree.

Don't be surprised! Just because Zhuge Liang is here to make a living, he needs to display his talents. Otherwise, Zhuge Liang would definitely be unwilling to enter the coffin with his talent?——. He is hidden in his body and heart, and he doesn't care about the world on the surface, but in fact, in his heart, Zhuge Liang can't help it. Even if Cao Cao came to invite, he would agree.

There are three reasons: first, Cao Cao cherishes the strategist, and Zhuge Liang can be reused in Cao Cao's place.

Second, Cao Cao's strength was the strongest among Wei and Wu! Zhuge Liang also knew this.

Third, Cao Cao was more shrewd than Liu Bei and Sun Quan, Cao Cao was good at asking questions, and he always asked his subordinates first when he had questions.

However, if you are suspicious, you need to see what is right, and if you are suspicious, you will be right, and if you are suspicious, you need to explain. I don't think Cao Cao can be blamed for this. But all smart people will be suspicious, and be careful to sail the ship of ten thousand years.

Liu Bei invited Zhuge Liang, but he just took the lead, if Cao Cao came to invite Zhuge Liang, he would also go out of the mountain. Liu Bei just took the lead.

Note: "The first emperor did not start a business halfway, and the middle way collapsed; today, under three points, Yizhou is tired, and this sincerity is in danger of survival." This points out the reason for Zhuge Liang's westward expedition to Qishan.

Zhuge Liang looks at "things", which is more far-reaching......

He could see the scene of Shu ten years later, in essence: the Three Kingdoms had formed a strong situation, and the situation was stable at this time. Wei showed no signs of attacking Shu, and Wu was also resting and raising troops to strengthen its defenses. Wu didn't have much worry about Wei, he was worried about Shu. On the border, Wu mainly attacked Shu and strengthened his defenses. In this way, Shu was isolated! In fact, among the three kingdoms, the weakest strength was still "Shu."

In terms of the national strength of Wei, Shu, and Wu, Wei was the first, Wu was second, and Shu was third.

But at this time, they were all resting and raising troops, the situation tended to be stable, and Wei did not have any major military movements.

However, there is a crisis in Shu! It is the weakest. If Wei fights again, the first one to fight will definitely be Shu. But this will not happen in the short term, at least in ten or twenty years.

After Zhuge Liang's failure to leave Qishan in the west, it was over! Originally, Wei had no plan to attack Shu, and Shu was actually very tired! Zhuge Liang's death made Wei see an opportunity. What opportunity ??—— the emptiness of Shu, which strengthened the confidence of Wei to annex Shu.

From this point of view, Zhuge Liang's expedition to Qishan did speed up the demise of "Shu".

In addition, judging from the list of teachers, Zhuge Liang's belief in attacking Qishan was very strong! He set up a "military order" for Liu Chan. This shows Zhuge Liang's "determination to go out to Qishan"; in Zhuge Liang's view, Qishan must be fought.

Zhuge Liang knew that it would be difficult to go to Qishan, but he was still sure to win. But... The battle was extremely difficult, and in a few months, the Wei fortress was not captured six times, and the battle fell into anxiety.

It's also very difficult, and the border Wei has also strengthened its defense. If Zhuge Liang retreated, this place would not be stable. The heavy troops of the Wei State were gathered in Qishan, and the Shu State was definitely going to send troops to contend with it! Alas, Zhuge Liang went west out of Qishan, breaking the situation of the three kingdoms.

There is no way, there is no way to redeem it! Even if Zhuge Liang does not die, he has no way to give Liu Chan an errand, he has made a military order. It is very clear on the military order that if you can't beat Qishan, Zhuge Liang will be held accountable.

If Zhuge Liang didn't die, he would have competed with Wei in Qishan, but at that time... The soldiers and horses will go ahead before the grain and grass are moved, and the Shu State will be hollowed out for a long time.

In terms of national strength, Wei was the richest, with sufficient products and food, and could withstand a war of attrition. Shu is not good!

The tranquility was broken by Zhuge Liang......

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Author: He Yongqi