Fengqiao Night Park () Zhang Baotong 2018.11.4

In the 14th year of Tang Tianbao (755 AD), the Anshi Rebellion broke out in January, and in June of the 15th year of Tianbao, Tongguan was lost, and Xuanzong took his concubine and sisters, female dependents, favored ministers and close attendants to flee from Yanqiumen. The officials and people in Chang'an City were in chaos and fled one after another. At this time, Zhang Ji, who was an official under the name of Yang Jun, a waiter in the Ministry of Rites, also fled to Jiangnan with a large number of officials. Although there was the Anshi Rebellion, the areas south of the Yangtze River, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang were still very prosperous and peaceful.

After fleeing for several months, Zhang Ji took a small boat to the edge of Fengqiao Town outside Gusu City that night. Originally, he had been driving along the Grand Canal for several days and nights, and he was quite tired and wanted to go into the city to find an inn to rest. However, by the time the boat arrived outside the city of Gusu, it was already late and it was impossible to enter the city. So, he had to stay in the boat for the night.

In late autumn, the temperature in the south of the Yangtze River has begun to cool down, and the wind on the river surface is calm and cool, and the cold air is infiltrating. Zhang Ji drank two glasses of wine at the small table in the cabin, ate some food, and lay down in the cabin covered with futon. Covered with a thick quilt, the boat didn't feel cold, but he still couldn't fall asleep tossing and turning, thinking that he had been away from Chang'an for three or four months, and the current situation was still very chaotic.

He heard that there had been a mutiny in the army at Maweipo. Chen Xuanli thought that it was Yang Guozhong's rebellion that caused An Lushan to rebel, and asked Li Fuguo to tell the prince that he wanted to kill Yang Guozhong. As a result, some officers and soldiers shouted the slogan "Yang Guozhong and Hu Lu rebelled", killed Yang Guozhong, and hung his head at the door of the post station. Yang Guozhong's son, Yang Xuan, the servant of the household department, and Yang Guifei's sisters, Mrs. Han and Mrs. Qin, were killed together. Yang Guozhong's wife Pei Routong and his son Yang Xi, Mrs. Qiu Guo and her son Pei Hui were killed by the county commander Xue Jingxian in Chencang. Chen Xuanli and Wei Ge begged Xuanzong to kill Yang Guifei. Gao Lishi persuaded Xuanzong to keep the army at peace and kill Yang Guifei. Xuanzong endured the pain and ordered Gao Lishi to hang Yang Guifei in the Buddha Hall. After that, Xuanzong entered Shu, and the crown prince Li Heng and his sons Li Qi and Li Jiao went north to Lingwu. Chang'an was occupied by rebels.

Thinking of the turmoil of the current situation, the flight of the imperial court, and the rebellion making waves, Zhang Ji sighed repeatedly. Looking back on this life, he feels unforgettable, and the past days are hard. He was born in Xiangzhou, Hubei Province in 715, his family was poor, but he was weak by nature, very intelligent, well-read since childhood, talented, able to recite many famous poems, and was promoted when he was young. In the Tang Dynasty, those who took the examination in various townships and townships needed to enter Beijing to take the examination, so they were called lifters. Therefore, his parents and family have great expectations for him, counting on him to be able to gain fame in the future, return to his hometown, become an official and make a fortune, and glorify his ancestors.

The most memorable thing for him is that when he was twenty years old, he took the imperial examination for the first time, and his name fell to Sun Shan. When he returned to his hometown by boat, his heart was very sad and heavy. At that time, he was in love with a rich daughter, who was in the prime of life, beautiful as a flower, gentle in temperament, and good at poetry and writing, and often sang poetry duets with him. However, because his family was very poor, he was strongly opposed by the woman's parents. Therefore, he must be on the list in one exam, gain fame, make his lover happy, and impress the girl's parents. However, he lost his name and returned in vain, not only will he disappoint his parents and relatives, but I am afraid that even his beloved lover will have to leave.

Sure enough, not long after he returned home, he watched his beloved lover be married by his father to a rich boy twenty miles away. This was a great stimulus and blow to him, but he could learn from it, and he worked hard day and night. In the twelfth year of Tianbao (753 AD), he finally passed the Jinshi examination and was elected as an official under the name of Yang Jun, the waiter of the Ministry of Rites. Just when he was proud of the spring breeze and wanted to do a great job on the way, he encountered the Anshi Rebellion and fled here from the capital Chang'an for several months. How does this not make him sad and depressed?

At this moment, he heard a bell coming from not far away. The bell rang clearly and clearly, as if it were a summons, touching his heart. He asked the owner of the ship, who was sleeping next to him, "Where did this bell come from?"

The owner of the boat said to him, "Not far from the river, there is a Hanshan Temple. The bell rang from the temple. ”

Of course, Zhang Ji knew that there was a Hanshan Temple in Gusu, which was in this Fengqiao Town. The temple was built during the Tianjian period of the Liang Dynasty (502-519 AD) during the Six Dynasties period, and was originally known as Myori Puming Pagoda Courtyard. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, it is said that the famous monk Hanshanzi came here from Tiantai Mountain as the abbot and changed his name to Hanshan Temple.

Zhang Jiben didn't feel sleepy, listening to the deep and melodious bell, he suddenly came out of the cabin, stood on the bow of the ship and looked at the nearby Fengqiao. Fengqiao under the moon is the kind of single-hole stone arch bridge that is common in the south of the Yangtze River. The Grand Canal passes through here, and the Maple Bridge is the throat of the Grand Canal to the north. This is also where the official road is located, where the north and south boats meet, and the channel will be blocked at night, so there will be a lot of passenger ships gathering and staying here.

At this time, the owner of the ship also came out of the cabin, and when he saw Zhang Ji staring at the Fengqiao under the moon, he pointed to the farther part of the Fengqiao and said to Zhang Ji, "Sir, look, there is Hanshan Temple over there." ”

Zhang Ji looked over there, and a tall shadow could be faintly seen. He thought it might be the Puming Pagoda in the temple.

The owner of the boat said, "Standing at the head of the Fengqiao Bridge, you can see the yellow wall of Biwa when you look up, and the Hanshan Temple is located in the green bush. ”

Zhang Ji nodded, and then looked towards Hanshan Temple in a daze. However, because it was dark and the moonlight was very dark, there was nothing to see except the very faint top of the tower. So he said to the shipowner, "However, after dawn we can go into the temple to see and worship." ”

The owner of the ship spoke to him, felt sleepy, and went into the cabin to sleep.

Zhang Ji was bored and not sleepy, so he stood on the bow of the boat with his hands behind his back and looked at the night scene of late autumn in the south of the Yangtze River. Although he has known for a long time that this place in the south of the Yangtze River is full of treasures, outstanding people, has many scenic spots, and has also produced many famous people. However, he has never been here, so he has always had a longing and yearning in his heart, and he also wants to go deep into Jiangnan to have a good tour. However, because he has been busy with official errands and affairs, he has no time to take care of it. This time, he fled due to the Anshi Rebellion, so he chose Jiangnan as a place of refuge. Not only is it prosperous and tranquil, but it is also far away from the Anshi Rebellion.

Although he took the opportunity of the turmoil to come to Jiangnan, which he had longed for for a long time, he was fleeing after all. When people flee, no matter what scenery they see, they will be full of sadness and sadness.

At this time, it is the late autumn in the south of the Yangtze River, in the cold night, the moonlight is sleepy, the end of the world is lonely, from time to time there are a few crows gloomy cry, looking up at the sky is like a thin layer of autumn frost hazy, and then look at the river and the maple bridge, the fishing fire is lit, the night is quiet, the moon and stars are sparse, the air is cool and the breeze is clear, and he can only worry infinitely, sleep on sorrow. In the middle of the night, the bell from Hanshan Temple made him think for a long time, full of emotion, living in this passenger ship, can he sleep?

Looking at the night scene in front of him, he had a flash of inspiration, full of poetry, facing the lonely moon and frosty sky, full of sadness and sadness, and couldn't help but chant:

The moon falls and the sky is full of frost,

Jiang Feng Yuhuo was sleepy.

Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City,

Midnight bell to the passenger ship.

He was stunned by this improvised verse: this poem is timeless, far-reaching, fairy, and blended, not only outlining the night scene of the moon falling and crying, the frosty and cold night, the fishing fire of Jiang Feng, and the lonely boat guest, but also expressing his thoughts of detention and travel, the worries of his family and country, and the thoughts and feelings of loneliness and sorrow in the troubled times and no home.

In order to record this poem, he immediately returned to the cabin, lit the oil lamp, took out pen and ink, and wrote down the four quatrains that he had recited repeatedly on a piece of paper. Then, after a moment of thought, I wrote four big words on the top of the poem: Fengqiao Night Park.