Oliver said: "There are many attractions in Florence, let's go to the Cathedral of Florence first!"

Head Xia Yuxiang said: "Okay, there are really many churches in Italy, it seems that you can see churches everywhere, I never go to churches in China, we Chinese believe in Buddhism more, believe in accumulating virtue, in order to accumulate merit, come to Italy to see the church, I also feel quite fresh." ”

"Yes, when I went to China, I also went to some temples to feel the faith and culture, different places, different religious beliefs, each with its own characteristics," Oliver said. ”

When Qu Lihua rushed to the Cathedral of Florence under the leadership of Xia Yuxiang, she felt that the air was very fresh, the surrounding scenery was very beautiful, and under the backdrop of the Arno River surrounded by mountains, it was like a bright pearl, shining on this Renaissance holy city, and those past histories inspired medieval craftsmen to build one magnificent city church after another.

The Cathedral of Lorence is one of these churches, and its design and construction, technical achievements and artistic features reflect the enterprising spirit of the new era of the Renaissance.

Qu Lihua stood outside this church, looking at this church, the color is bright orange, the dome, the dome is a little similar to the Russian "onion roof", the orange bricks are very conspicuous, with gray bricks, and the gray rectangular building next to it looks a bit like building blocks piled up, which looks very interesting.

"The church and the adjacent square are often featured on postage stamps and postcards, becoming a landmark of the city, and when you see this church, you think of Florence," Oliver said. ”

Qu Lihua pointed to the round orange dome and asked Oliver, "Was it a little difficult to build that round dome at that time?"

Oliver said: " Yes, this is a Gothic style building, the appearance of the church is marble panels, green and pink shades, white trim, at that time when the architect asked the craftsman to build the gray part of the main church, that is, the gray rectangular department we see now, and then to build this orange dome, the technology is very difficult, not only the span is large, and the wall height has exceeded 50 meters, even the scaffolding and formwork are very difficult projects, in that era, it is not easy to complete this dome. ”

"An ancient building, what we see now, has actually gone through many years, embodies the efforts of architects and craftsmen at that time, it is not easy to do a good job, a little worse, it will collapse, and it will have to be rebuilt, to build well, the architect must be very professional, very knowledgeable, and it will work. ”

"It is worth mentioning that the architect of this church, Berunareski, was a master of mechanics and casters, a brilliant sculptor, painter, craftsman and scholar, who had made achievements in perspective and mathematics, and also designed some buildings. ”

In order to design the dome, he stayed in Rome for a few years, forgetting to sleep and eat, and devoted himself to the study of ancient arch techniques, surveying and mapping ancient ruins, even a groove for the iron tenon. ”

It was his dedication and dedication that made him an excellent architect, and when he returned to Florence, he modeled the dome and scaffolding, developed detailed structural and construction plans, and designed several vertical transportation machines. ”

He considered not only the dome's rainwater removal, daylighting, and small staircases, but also wind, storms, and earthquakes, and proposed corresponding measures. ”

"We don't think it's much now, but at the time, it was a huge project, especially to put a dome of this size on a drum base, which was unprecedented, and no other architect could do it. ”

"Only Berunareski was put to the test, he was very specialized and conscientious in his work, and it was necessary to take effective measures to reduce the side thrust of the dome and reduce its weight. ”

"After careful consideration, the outline of the Ronaleschi dome adopts a double-centric sagittal structure, with a skeleton structure, and the dome is divided into two layers, inside and outside, and the middle is empty, which is obviously borrowed not only from the experience of ancient Rome, but also from the experience of Gothic architecture, but it is a completely new creation, built with marble masonry. ”

"The dome of the Cathedral of Florence is one of the largest in the world, and its structure and construction are far more refined than those of ancient Rome and Byzantium, and the scale of the structure is far greater than that of the Middle Ages, and it is an unprecedented achievement of structural technology. ”

Head Xia Yuxiang stopped and stared, nodded and praised, "We visit these buildings, we can also get inspiration from them, Oliver's explanation, we can also learn from the professional professionalism of architectural designers, specialization, seriousness, excellence, encounter difficulties, find ways to overcome, do everything possible to overcome difficulties, complete the construction of the project, we are still very inspired." ”

Qu Lihua nodded, "Yes, engineering architecture can't tolerate a little sloppiness, if the data is not right, maybe this dome will not be built well, almost not at all." ”

Meng Wenjie nodded, "Don't talk about construction, when my father was young, he squatted at the door of the community, it seems that a master of the pedicure basin helped the residents repair the wooden foot basin, at that time there was no plastic basin, and the wood was used to make the foot basin, to a piece of wood, a piece of wood aligned, that rare is also very big, my father squatted at the door of the community, looking attentively." ”

He often told this story later, the craftsman is really not easy, the master, very patient, very careful, a piece of wood splicing, almost not at all, must calculate the size, and to polish the wood to smooth, can not cut the hand, and then piece by piece of splicing, so that if it is successful, it will not leak, and the difficulty of the construction project will be greater, so at that time, the construction technology has not been as developed as modern times, and it is already very good to be able to build. ”

Oliver smiled, "Yes, this dome is as high as the peaks of the surrounding mountains, and God was jealous and bombarded it again and again with thunder and lightning, but Runelleski was very well designed, the materials were solid, and the marble was strong, and it stood unharmed. ”

Captain Xia Yuxiang, I admired Oliver when he heard him say this.

"To become a classic building of architecture, designers and craftsmen are inseparable, not only ingenious and fine design, but also need to build craftsmen in strict accordance with the design drawings, materials can not cut corners, a building, to withstand hundreds of years of wind and rain, very firm, but also after the restoration of descendants, can stand, it is not easy!"

"We'll take a look around, and then I'll take you inside!"

vertex