In this chapter, let's talk about Lu Xun's "Hesitation"

"Hesitation" is a collection of novels created by the modern writer Lu Xun, which was first published in August 1926 by Beijing Beixin Book Company, and was listed as one of the "Rabble Series" edited by the author, and later compiled into "The Complete Works of Lu Xun".

"Hesitation" includes a total of 11 novels such as "Blessing", "In the Restaurant", and "Sadness". The work expresses the author's thorough and uncompromising spirit of opposition to feudalism and is a mirror of Chinese revolutionary thought. His works mainly include peasants and intellectuals. The former is represented by "Blessing" and "Showing the Public", and the latter is represented by "In the Restaurant" and "The Lonely".

The whole collection of novels runs through the concern for the peasants and intellectuals living under the pressure of feudal forces. The collection of novels is set in a deep and broad historical picture, and the narration of the fate of the characters permeates feelings.

"Blessing": Xianglin's sister-in-law is a poor peasant woman who has been oppressed by feudal etiquette. After her husband's death, the cruel mother-in-law wants to betray her. She was forced to flee and went to work as a helper at the house of the fourth master of Lu Zhen in Lu Town, where she was despised and abused. Soon she was snatched away by her mother-in-law's family, and took all the wages she earned from her part-time job at Master Lusi's house, and then sold it to the He family to get married. He Lao Liu was a simple and loyal farmer, and soon had a son A Mao, and Xianglin's sister-in-law finally lived a stable life. However, as ill as fate would have it, He Lao Liu died of a recurrence of typhoid fever, and soon Ah Mao was eaten by wolves. Xianglin's sister-in-law, who had undergone a double blow, was depressed, like a walking corpse, so she had no choice but to go to Lu Si's house again. However, people also said that she was "guilty" to remarry, and asked her to donate the threshold to "atone for her sins", otherwise she would suffer in the "underworld". After she worked hard to save money and donate the threshold, she still couldn't get rid of people's discrimination. In the end, she begged along the street and died tragically on the street under the sound of firecrackers in Luzhen's annual "blessing". However, instead of pitying her, people called her a fallacy.

"In the Restaurant" writes about the once radical young Lu Weifu, who finally returned to the professorship of Zi Yue Shiyun.

"Happy Family" tells the story of a young writer in an embarrassing environment who creates a "happy family" in order to make ends meet, and his writing process is constantly interrupted by the bargaining, bargaining, lack of money, chopping wood under the bed, five-five-twenty-five, low, cramped room, wife's scolding, children's crying, and so on.

"Soap" tells the story of Siming seeing two female beggars on the street, and has an ulterior desire for one of the young female beggars, with this desire he buys a bar of soap for his wife, who sees through the filth in his heart, but also accepts the piece of soap.

"Everlasting Lantern" tells the story of a madman who wants to blow out the everlasting lantern in the temple, which causes panic among the whole Tun people, and finally he is imprisoned.

"Showing the Crowd" captures the scene of a prisoner being paraded on the street, during which various onlookers appear.

"Gao Lao Master" of the "Gao Lao Master" was originally known as Gao Ganting, and was nicknamed "Lao Rod" by card friends, because he published a so-called "popular" famous article on the history of the country, he thought that he had learned from China and the West, "because he admired the name of the Russian writer Gorky, and changed his name to "Gao Erji", in fact, he was a scoundrel who could only play cards, listen to books, and women, he applied to teach in order to go to the virtuous girls' school to see female students, and because he had no ink in his chest and made a fool of himself in public, he resigned from his post and scolded the new education.

"The Lonely" tells the story of the protagonist Wei Lianzhen, a modern intellectual with a unique personality, who lives in a "one-headed cocoon" created by himself in an escape way to taste loneliness, and finally makes a desperate rebellion against society with "self-defeating" "revenge".

"Sadness and Death" tells the story of the protagonist Juan Sheng's sad and angry inner monologue, which tells the story of him and Zijun breaking through the obstacles of feudal forces, pursuing marital autonomy and establishing a warm family, but soon love failed, and finally ended with a "wound" and a "death".

"Brothers" mainly narrates the series of effects brought about by the illness of the protagonist Zhang Peijun's younger brother, Zhang Peijun is under the pressure of his colleagues' speculation about the brotherhood, and whether to raise his nephew's life burden, so the irresolvable contradiction appears. This contradiction is a completely irresolvable contradiction between the party with a tall image in the eyes of his colleagues and the one who has to give up the rights and interests of his nephew in order to protect the superior living conditions of his children.

"Divorce" tells the story of a rural woman, Aigu, who wants to divorce, but in the end it is unsuccessful.

Wandering is Lu Xun's second collection of novels, a collection of eleven novels written between 1924 and 1925, all of which were published in magazines and newspaper supplements in Beijing and Shanghai, with the exception of The Lonely Man and The Death of Wounds, which were not published separately. The author "felt lonely" and "desolate" because he "became a wanderer, and he couldn't form a battle" because he "became a wanderer" and "couldn't form a battle", and "summed up his past experience, looked for new comrades-in-arms, and deployed new battles." "Hesitation" came out in this context.

After the "May Fourth" Movement, the new cultural camp began to divide, and those who had participated in the movement retired and some ascended, while Lu Xun was as lonely and hesitant as a straggler, which is the reason for the name of the novel.

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Xianglin's sister-in-law

Characters in "Blessing". Xianglin's sister-in-law is a typical image of the old Chinese working woman, she is hardworking and kind, simple and tenacious, but in the old society where feudal etiquette and feudal ideology dominated, she was trampled, persecuted, destroyed, and even swallowed by the old society. All kinds of persecution of feudal etiquette to her, she has constantly struggled and resisted, but she is not rebelling for freedom, but rebelling in order to obey feudal etiquette, Xianglin's sister-in-law has chosen to submit to feudal etiquette from beginning to end, and finally was crushed by society. The tragedy of Xianglin's sister-in-law profoundly reveals the destruction and persecution of working women by feudal etiquette in the old society, and indicts the cannibalistic nature of feudal etiquette.

Lu Weifu

The protagonist of "In the Restaurant". The novel gives deep sympathy to Lu Weifu's fate on the one hand, and sharply criticizes him for his negative emotions in dealing with reality with a "perfunctory" and "modeled Huhu" attitude, Lu Xun is to acupuncture his attitude towards life as a thoroughly anti-feudal antithesis, and in this needle, Lu Xun is pinning on Lu Xun's ardent expectations for intellectuals as a revolutionary force. In Lu Xun's view, Lu Weifu no longer adheres to a clear anti-feudal stance in the struggle between the old and the new, and his attitude towards life has become decadent, which is really disappointing and not enough training.

Young authors

The protagonist of "Happy Family". Young authors write an essay on "Happy Family" in order to support their families. It is true that he is not an advanced young man of the times, but as an expedient measure, "self-abandonment" just reflects his consistent integrity and serious creative attitude. This point is also evident in the choice of the place for the "happy family" he conceived. He did not ignore the reality and arbitrarily place it in a certain province and city, nor did he say that it was in a certain place and place against his will, but took the trouble to choose one province and one city one by one, without any reluctance. In the end, at the risk that the place names in the work would be replaced by Western letters, the manuscript might not be used, and therefore "unsafe, and the consequence of this "insecurity" would be the danger of a family starving for food, or "finally deciding that the place where the 'happy family' is located is called a person." This "determination" is his defense of the principle of authenticity in literary works.

Four Ming

The protagonist of "Soap". Intellectuals who have been influenced by modern Western culture. In Siming's world, the family occupies the absolute core, and in the slight dissatisfaction with his wife and children, it is more about their (his) strong concern and love! Especially his praise for his son's persistence in practicing Bagua Boxing in his studies, and when his wife found out the secret in his heart, he kept stealing him verbally, his attitude was "branched" and the sweat on his face because of nervousness. It can be seen that even his wife who has an old dirt behind her ears and a short temper is very important to him. Fear is because of the fear of loss, the loss of the love and awe of his wife and children, is the loss of the original order and warmth of the family, which is what Siming cares about the most.

lunatic

The protagonist of "Everbright Lantern", a native of Jiguangtun, is not an ordinary madman, he worries about the country and the people, not only that, but he also has the courage and firmness of a reformer. He dared to blow out the ever-bright lantern, after being deceived by the masses once, he insisted on blowing out the ever-bright lantern by himself, Kuoting said that he would blow it instead of him, he insisted on extinguishing it himself and said to go now, which shows that he is very resolute in doing things, and he will not be deceived again if he is fooled once. He knew the end—even if the everlasting lamp was blown out, those things would still be there, but his gloomy smile showed that he was deep inside, "I know, it's still there when it's out." But that's all I can do. I'll do it first, it's easier. I'm going to blow it out and put it out myself", and when there was no way to open the door, he came up with the idea of setting it on fire, which was a kind of violent revolution, and he still shouted it even after the revolution failed.

Fat kids

The character in "Showing the Public", an eleven or twelve-year-old fat child, with thin eyes and crooked mouth, sells steamed buns in front of the store on the side of the road. The voice is already hoarse, and there is some sleepiness, such as hypnotizing the long days of summer. On the dilapidated table next to him, there were twenty or thirty steamed buns, sitting coldly without any heat. Hearing that there was a bustle, he left the bun shop where he should have been holding on without permission and couldn't wait to watch the execution.

Old Master Gao

The protagonist of "Old Master Gao", Old Master Gao faced the school, because he became a part of the school, so he spontaneously had a sense of pride, and he couldn't tolerate any contempt and ridicule from Huang San, but after being "ridiculed" in the school, he was the first to stand up and scold the school he had originally maintained, "The school is also going to make a bad atmosphere, it's better to close, especially the women's school - what's the point, I like vanity!" The women's school really doesn't know what to do, I'm a serious person, and I really can't get together." In fact, his initial maintenance of the school was not really because of his admiration for women's studies, but only because he was in it, and he thought that he was one level higher than the old friend Huang San, who had been "playing cards, watching plays, drinking, and women" with him all year round; And his subsequent scolding was just because he "suffered a loss" in the school, saying that "bad atmosphere" was not because this was a new school, but because it was an old school, and if he failed in teaching, he would also have reason to abuse.

(Don't be angry, readers, there's only a little bit of water left, I'll have a big orgasm when I'm done, look forward to it.) ）