At this stage, the state to tender for enterprises are mostly heavy industry, especially the energy industry, under the rapid development of the national economy, weak industrial science and technology has revealed deficiencies, which limits the development of enterprises, there is no corresponding technology in China, so these enterprises are mostly bidding abroad.

"Good guy, the minimum amount of these bidding projects is tens of millions! This money is really easy to make!"

Liu Lang sighed while watching.

It has been 10 years since reform and development, and in the eyes of ordinary people, great changes have taken place in the past 10 years, and it is obvious that many families could not even eat enough to eat ten years ago, and this has nothing to do with whether they have money, no money is no food to eat, and they cannot eat enough if they have money.

Ten years later, looking at this country, the problem of eating is no longer a big problem, food stamps have gradually faded out of the lives of ordinary people, especially in the capital, Shanghai and other big cities Food stamps are basically no longer used, that is, small cities like Fucheng, state-owned grain stores are still allowed to use food stamps, but if you take food stamps to buy food, the waiter's attitude towards you will not be too friendly, this kind of thing is far less useful than money.

Ten years later, all kinds of goods on the market have been able to meet the basic needs of the people, televisions can be bought, washing machines can be bought, refrigerators can be bought, if you have money, air conditioners can also be bought, ten years ago young people got married with watches, bicycles, sewing machines, this is also known as the "three big pieces", there are very few people who can get together these three items, Liu Lang's parents got married in that era, the family only bought a bicycle, barely scraped together "a big piece" , the sewing machine was bought by the family after they got married.

And ten years later, young people will also have "three major pieces" when they get married, but at this time they have been replaced with refrigerators, televisions, and washing machines, in order to distinguish between the two, many people call the former "old three", and the latter is "new three", look at the value between the two You can see the changes of the times, the "old three" adds up to four or five hundred yuan, and to make up the "new three", there is no three or four thousand yuan is not to think about it.

Ten years ago, the roads in Fucheng were all dirt roads, the most on the road were bicycles, followed by horse-drawn carriages, as for cars, you may not see one for more than half an hour when you stand on the side of the road, but now, it has become an asphalt road, and the road has widened a lot, and the middle is deliberately reserved for motor vehicles, and there will occasionally be imported cars from island countries and the United States on the road.

These are all changes in the eyes of ordinary people, but for Liu Lang, his eyes are on the country's demand for capital and technology, which determines the future development of the country.

Ten years ago, the state needed a large amount of money to increase its foreign exchange reserves, and with money, the state could buy a large number of materials, so a large number of foreign enterprises entered the country, and at the same time, many policies were formulated, such as allowing foreign companies to buy inland land and so on.

Ten years later, nearly 1,000 large international companies have set up factories in the mainland, the country's foreign exchange reserves are no longer stretched, but always rely on foreign enterprises is not a long-term solution, the biggest driving force for the country's development is still to rely on itself, the country has set its sights on the interior, technological upgrading has become the main way of this time, so domestic enterprises began to work technology, want to improve their production capacity, but the reality is very cruel, the country is not able to meet the needs of enterprises at the technical level, to meet the needs of social development, can only introduce foreign technology through bidding。

If the country had the corresponding technology, it would not use foreign ones, and this is the status quo.

The country has written out this period in the industrial development plan a few years ago, first introduce foreign advanced industrial technology, and then gradually digest these technologies, slowly turn the technology into their own, and then develop their own technology on the basis of it, this process is no problem, and it should be so developed, but the key question is who leads this work, the country is hoping that enterprises and the state will do this work together, the state to guide, the enterprise is the main body, after all, the enterprise has funds and talents, and it is convenient to do.

But judging from the previous life, this method is somewhat unsatisfactory, not because there is a problem with this method itself, but because those enterprises do not develop according to the country's thinking.

Even state-owned enterprises, in the wave of market economy, it is also for the purpose of making profits, the state also thinks so, just like those manufacturing enterprises in Fucheng, many of them are unable to make profits, and the state can't manage it now, although they have not publicly declared the city to let them fend for themselves, but they can only barely maintain, workers are not even paid enough wages, and only some enterprises related to the people's livelihood will be protected by the state.

It is the enterprise to pursue profits, this is the constant criterion of any enterprise, how is the profit of an enterprise constituted? Roughly speaking, it is the total income minus the cost, so the enterprise should increase the total income on the one hand, on the other hand, it is also necessary to reduce the cost, and it is naturally very easy to understand the total income, expand sales, improve product quality, so how to reduce costs?

The country's enterprises are not doing well in reducing costs, foreign enterprises are very simple, such as layoffs are a way, the domestic current stage is still state-owned enterprises, layoffs are impossible, then we can only find ways in other aspects, improving production efficiency is one of the methods, many enterprises introduce advanced technology is also to improve production efficiency, but also improve product quality.

But there is one of the most critical items in the cost, that is, R & D expenses, in fact, this is the bulk of the cost composition, in order to reduce costs, domestic enterprises will reduce R & D expenses to a minimum, or even no R & D department at all.

If it is to do import and export trade, it doesn't matter if there is no R & D department, but the enterprises that manufacture products, especially industrial enterprises, do not have a R & D department, it is simply unimaginable, but at this stage, there are many enterprises in this state, in order to reduce costs, they do not consider developing their own products, of course, they also rely on, feel that since they can buy funds and technology from abroad, can they spend a lot of money to engage in R & D?

In the final analysis, many people have not realized the value of core technology to enterprises, and only by mastering their own core technology can they maximize profits.

It has been ten years of reform and development, to be honest, there is nothing that can be done in the country's industrial technology, in this celebration of reform and development for ten years, the chip produced by the country is a highlight, this technology has reached the world-class, at least the second-rate level is no problem, and now the country has begun to manufacture its own lithography machine, as long as this technology achieves a breakthrough, then the country's chip industry will achieve a real rise, plus this life has the help of VIE company, the country will no longer be controlled by others on the chip as in the previous life。

But in addition to the chip industry, other aspects are unsatisfactory, can not be said to have no achievements, the process of Volkswagen localization promoted the improvement of many manufacturing enterprises, but also relied on the German Andrews company machine tools to complete, but there are many machine tool factories also found this opportunity, buy German Andrews machine tools for imitation, a few years have also had some achievements, although it can not be said that the complete imitation of success, but it can be regarded as imitation of about eighty, is considered to be some achievements.

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