China's tertiary industry is incomparably strong, small commodities such enterprises Liu Lang is not worried, sooner or later will dominate the world, that is, the development of industrial enterprises is a little slow, the reason is that the state looks ahead and backward for those state-owned enterprises, dare not completely liberalize property rights, individuals want to buy such enterprises basically through the "special enterprise model".

Liu Lang once discussed with Song Lifeng some "privileges" of special industrial zones, such as how to expand the scope of "special enterprises".

The state describes a special enterprise as a special enterprise if it has negative profits for three consecutive years and its debts exceed its total assets.

Liu Lang thinks this is a bit "harsh", if the company comes to this point, who will take over like a fool? At least you have to let people see hope.

Therefore, Fucheng is ready to change the concept of special enterprises, for example, is it okay to have negative profits in a year? Is it okay for liabilities to reach 50% of total assets? Is it okay for enterprises to pay workers' wages when their earnings cannot be paid?

In the early days of reform and opening up, people's minds have not been emancipated, and the state would rather let such enterprises go bankrupt than give them to individuals, after the gradual liberalization of thinking, under the promotion of Liu Lang and Wu He, allowing individuals to acquire enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy is actually a dead horse as a live horse doctor, so in the final analysis, the "special enterprise model" is fundamentally a kind of "throwing off the burden" behavior of the state.

Now Liu Lang feels that this idea should be changed, since the past facts have proved that private enterprises are full of vitality, then why not transform the original "special enterprise model" into a way to bring enterprises back to life?

Even if the manufacturing company has not lost money, it is also allowed to be acquired by individuals, which is a deepening of corporate reform and is worth trying.

Of course, this new model will definitely encounter resistance, but it is completely possible to do "experiments" in Fucheng, because it is a special zone, and Shenzhen was the first to sell land to capitalists back then, so why can't Fucheng sell those factories with poor returns to individuals?

Bold attempts are the prerogative of the Special Economic Zone, as long as this step is out, then Fucheng will certainly have a earth-shaking change, if successful, it will also be a big deal for the country's enterprises, just look at the Shenzhen market, when they bought land caused an uproar, now what? The capital and Shanghai have long allowed Hong Kong and Taiwan businessmen to buy and sell land, and this year will continue to lend money, and it will not be long before the whole country will be liberalized, this is the general trend, no one can stop it, Shenzhen can lead the country, Fucheng will not be able to do it?

"Liu Lang, what are you thinking?"

Just as Liu Lang was deep in thought, Professor Xiong on the side patted him on the shoulder and called him back from his thoughts.

"Ah...... Professor, just now you said that Volkswagen started to develop electric cars, and I was in a trance for a while!"

"Liu Lang, don't be discouraged, with your ability, sooner or later you will lead the country to develop an electric car, I am convinced of this!"

"Yes, yes, I will!"

Professor Xiong didn't know that Liu Lang was not worried about electric vehicles, he just thought of the country's enterprise reform from innovation, which is what he cared about, as long as the country gave enterprises vitality, the innovation ability of the people of the country may not be worse than theirs.

Jiang Botao and Redfen visited several factories of Andrews Company accompanied by Little Andrew, Jiang Botao couldn't stop admiring while walking, and others also followed behind, and nodded again and again when they saw the advanced extra bed, but after experiencing yesterday's visit to Volkswagen, their vision has been different, although Andrews is also good, but it is far worse than Volkswagen.

However, Professor Xiong secretly pulled Liu Lang, and then asked a question in a low voice.

"Liu Lang, there is a small detail that these German workers don't understand when they screw it, that is, why do the screws need to be turned three times and then sent half a turn? Why don't you just screw two and a half turns? I didn't have this kind of process when I was studying in Germany, and yesterday I secretly asked a worker in Volkswagen, but they didn't tell me, do you know why?"

Professor Xiong Huaizhi is indeed amazing, this small detail has not been developed by anyone, only he, an old man in his seventies, has discovered it.

Liu Lang smiled, then pulled Professor Xiong aside and explained.

"After the screw is tightened, an additional preload should be applied to prevent it from loosening, so that the preload is eliminated after half a turn.

In fact, this should be analyzed from the force of the screw, first of all, the screw is in elastic deformation after tightening, especially in the case of high temperature and vibration load, long-term continuous pressure will produce creep, and then plastic deformation.

After the screw becomes plastic deformation, its strength will drop sharply or even fail, and the return of half a circle is to restore the elastic deformation some, and at the same time eliminate the preload stress, and then the deformation of the screw in the continuous pressure or in the elastic deformation, the probability of plastic strain and failure is greatly reduced, so that the screw can maintain continuous high-strength pressure, and direct twisting of two and a half turns is not able to achieve such an effect. ”

Xiong Huaizhi suddenly realized when he heard this, patted and sighed that the Germans' mastery of details was completely to the point of breathtaking.

Liu Lang smiled and continued.

"Professor, modern machinery relies on data analysis, I learned this when I was studying in the United States, for example, the question you just asked can be used to analyze the data of screw tightening, there are four data in the process of tightening, one is torque, even if the tightening torque is applied; the second is the clamping force, which is the actual axial clamping size between the connecting bodies; the third is the friction coefficient, which is the bolt head, The fourth is the rotation angle, that is, based on a certain torque, the bolt produces a certain axial elongation or the thread angle that needs to be rotated when the connector is compressed.

After knowing these four data, let's discuss the control method of screw tightening at a glance, the first is the torque control method: when the tightening torque reaches a certain set of control torque, the control method of immediately stopping the tightening.

This method controls the system simply and directly, and it is easy to check the quality of tightening with a digital torque sensor or a high-precision torque wrench, but the control accuracy is not high and the potential of the material cannot be fully utilized.

The second is the torque-angle control method, which is to first tighten the bolt to a small torque, and then start from this point to tighten a specified angle control method.

The advantage is that the axial preload of the bolt has a high accuracy, and a large axial preload can be obtained, and the value can be concentrated around the average value.

The disadvantage is that the control system is more complex, and two parameters need to be measured: torque and rotation angle.

Finally, there is the yield point control method, which is a method of tightening the bolt to the yield point and then stopping the tightening.

The advantage is that the tightening accuracy is very high, but its accuracy mainly depends on the yield strength of the bolt itself.

The disadvantage is that the tightening process needs to carry out dynamic and continuous calculation and judgment of the slope of the torque and angle curve, and the real-time performance and calculation speed of the control system have high requirements.

With these three ways, we can quantitatively calculate each step. ”

Liu Lang's words made Professor Xiong Huaizhi suddenly realize.