In the history of China, the various schools of doctrine and school of thought in the past dynasties and dynasties, if you want to say that you have made the greatest contribution but have not been treated fairly, it is none other than the merchants. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

The formation of this state of affairs is to blame and blame Confucianism.

"Emphasizing agriculture over commerce" or even "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce" is basically a basic national policy of every dynasty that has stayed in the long river of history for a long time.

And such dynasties are all dynasties of Confucius and Mencius after "deposing the hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism".

This national policy can be seen in the rigid and old-fashioned way of Confucius and Mencius, who does not know how to change, and does not know how to look at the problem dialectically, that is, the promotion of agriculture by other industries.

As the foundation of the country, of course, it would not work without agriculture, because agriculture provides the most basic means of subsistence and is the food that saves the lives of its residents.

As for business, it is when there is a surplus of food that we exchange what we have!

A country, or even a family, has nothing to do with commercial exchanges, and if there is no food, it will starve to death in less than ten days.

In the event of a natural or man-made disaster, once the grain harvest fails, a large number of people will starve to death, which is not uncommon in history.

Therefore, it makes sense that successive rulers were heavy on agriculture.

What makes no sense is that they set commerce and agriculture against each other under the guidance of the rigid ideas of Confucius and Mencius.

The narrowness of vision is the direct opposition of the two industries, which are originally complementary to each other.

Those Confucian intellectuals who did not actually understand production took it for granted that as long as the time and money spent on business were spent on agriculture, the output of agriculture could be increased proportionally, and the problems of agriculture could be solved.

Not really.

Focusing only on agriculture tends to make agricultural returns worse and worse, and sometimes even increasing inputs reduces output.

At the same time, without the help of commerce, the geographical division of agricultural production will become impossible.

For example, rice in the south and corn in the north are not arbitrarily changed to the planting area, and they have the same yield, or even cannot be produced at all.

This division of labor between regions must be carried out smoothly by using commerce as an intermediary medium.

At the same time, this subordinate division of labor is also the basis of the social division of labor; if there is no regional division of labor, there is no other social division of labor.

Without the social division of labor, there will be no scientific and technological progress, because every basic unit of production is satisfied with what it has achieved.

And every social division of labor that enters a new realm is seen as an adventure to reduce food production, and thus threatens the amount of food people can eat, both in total and in the specific amount of a family.

There are also those who participate in the new division of labor, because they are no longer engaged in food production, and there is also a risk of starvation directly without food, so those who are conservative in their minds are like snakes and scorpions in the position of the new industry.

Not only that, but the pressure of public opinion also overwhelms those who care about these discussions.

What kind of unconventional, unprofessional, ambitious, frivolous and lascivious labels, such people are labeled at every turn.

And those who were originally from a farming family, once such a label is put on the body, they will say goodbye to the quality of honesty for the rest of their lives.

The quality of loyalty and honesty is the basic requirement of a scholar and a scholar.

That is to say, once a person engages in things related to industry and commerce, then he is insulated from the only bright avenue of getting ahead and glorifying his ancestors.

In addition to this exclusion from orthodox society, there are other bad consequences.

For example, thieves know that businessmen are generally wealthy, and they are most likely to rob such people.

In addition, once they encounter the urgent needs of the militaristic state, such large industrial and commercial households will first be regarded as the object of bleeding, let them lose donations, and even go bankrupt to serve the country and save the country.

At the same time, when these industrialists and businessmen are in trouble, the function of the state apparatus to protect the good will not be treated without discrimination, let alone given priority.

Shinong industry and commerce, who made you last in line?

No business, no treachery, no benevolence for the rich, these are the hats they can never take off.

In the Manchu Dynasty, this contradiction became more complicated.

Because it involves the issue of trade between China and foreign countries, the door is open.

The essence of the question has become how to deal with the external forces.

In fact, it is still a question of a long history, and it is a question of whether or not to persist in valuing agriculture over business, and how to emphasize agriculture over business.

Therefore, the enlightened thinkers led by Zeng Guofan put forward the idea that "middle school is the body and Western learning is for use".

This proposition opposes at least two extreme claims.

One proposition is to completely open the door, copy the Western system, and abandon the long-standing national policy of China.

Another proposition is to completely close the country to the outside world, completely excluding all Western things from the country.

It can be seen from this that this seems to be a dispute between academic schools, which is basically a dispute over the national system, a political system, and an overall economic framework.

On the surface, this proposition of "middle school for the body and Western learning for use" was relatively fair and modest, and it was indeed the only suitable proposition at that time, but its essence was still to emphasize agriculture over commerce and raise the degree of inhibition of agriculture and commerce, and still did not realize the important role of industry and commerce, and did not put industry and commerce in its rightful position.

However, industry and commerce are the embodiment of an irrepressible force of nature in the social division of labor.

Despite the joint suppression of the government and the way of Confucius and Mencius, they still survived and developed tenaciously, spoke for themselves, and made a very powerful voice.

Today, they also have the opportunity to speak out.

This voice is not shouted, but with their goods and their products.

They are also 400 people, but these 400 people can completely crush the 40,000 people of the Hunan army!

Because they have a state-of-the-art machine gun in their hands!

Each is automatically equipped with 200 rounds of ammunition, with two spare magazines, each of which also contains 200 rounds.

If necessary, all of these 600 rounds can be fired within a minute.

Coincidentally, the general of the Hunan Army who led the team was also a knowledgeable person, looking at his old-fashioned swords and guns, and comparing them with the other party's modern weapons, his heart was suddenly cold to freezing point.

Not to mention that his 400 people are ordinary mortals, even if they can soar through the clouds and fog, they are also beaten into dust by others!

So, without saying a word, he turned around and left.

Those merchant soldiers didn't stop, they went around in a circle, and they ended.

At the same time, on the other side of the field, two big flags slowly came onto the field.

On a big banner, there is a big book in block letters, "Yin and Yang are the two poles, never separated".

The other banner reads, "Opposites are united, two become one."

Everyone was shocked! The soldiers of the Yin-Yang School have arrived!

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