Where is Song Weiyang?

Let's turn the clock back to two months ago.

The topic of Song Weiyang's graduation thesis was originally "Survey on the Purchasing Power of Rural Towns in China". After consulting social science magazines in the library and obtaining market research data from Xifeng, he changed the title to "A Study on the Relationship between the Decline in Purchasing Power in China's Rural Areas and the Lack of Domestic Demand in China."

By the time Song Weiyang stayed in the countryside for a month, he didn't know what to write, there were so many questions that he couldn't finish a single paper.

The first target of Song Weiyang's investigation was the hometown of his bodyguard Hong Weiguo, an ordinary small village in the central region.

A van was borrowed from the Xifeng sales branch in the provincial capital, and Song Weiyang and Hong Weiguo took turns driving for 18 hours. From the national highway to the prefectural road and then to the village road, the van was almost shaken apart, and finally arrived at the destination of the trip.

The seedlings in the field are lush and green, and the growth is gratifying. The wheat in the mountains is also about to tassel, and this year's wind and rain are good, and there should be a good harvest.

The village road was leveled by the farmers themselves, and many gravel blocks were paved. But it had rained just two days ago, and the road surface was pressed out of a deep ditch by the wheels of the tractor, and the rain washed away, turning it into large and small puddles.

Sometimes the puddle was so deep that the van got stuck in the pit and couldn't get out, so the villagers had to ask the villagers to help push the cart.

"One, two, three, hey, work hard, go!"

The peasants are unpretentious, at least for the moment. helped push several pits along the way, and everyone was covered in muddy water, but they didn't ask Song Weiyang for money noisily. In their opinion, if the clothes are dirty, they can go home and wash them, and it doesn't matter if they have the strength to sell them, anyway, they have the strength.

The van drove to the outside of the village commissary and stopped, Hong Weiguo said: "I can only park the car here, I need to cross a few ridges to get to my house, and then climb a small hill." ”

"Then get out of the car and walk," Song Weiyang took out a bill and shouted to the owner of the commissary, "Carry two pieces of soda out, everyone is tired." I'm in for a treat, and I'm giving out two bottles each. ”

The commissary owner smiled and said, "Okay!"

The farmers smiled honestly and said, "The boss is generous, and pushing a cart is nothing." ”

"Weiguo, is this boss a foreigner?" asked Hong Weiguo's fourth uncle.

Song Weiyang took out a package of Hongtashan, gave one to each person, and said with a smile: "I'm not a boss, I'm a market researcher of Xifeng Company, and I came to the countryside to do business research." By the way, Xifeng's drinks, don't you sell them in your village?"

The owner of the commissary continued: "Don't talk about the village, there are only one or two in the town. Xifeng's iced tea and cola, a bottle costs more than two yuan, and the farmers are reluctant to buy it, and I can't sell the goods when I bring them back. ”

Song Weiyang pointed to the glass bottles of soda and asked, "This is your local production?"

"The county soda factory is produced," said the owner of the commissary, "the wholesale price of this soda is only 2 cents, and I take it back and sell it for 2 cents and 5 cents." ”

Song Weiyang asked, "Boss, what year did you start your business?"

"It's been open for more than 10 years. The commissary owner lit his cigarette.

"How's the business?" asked Song Weiyang.

The owner of the commissary said: "The previous goods were better to sell, but it was not easy to buy them. Now it's easy to buy, but it can't be sold. Let's just say beer soda, only when the farmers are busy planting seedlings and threshing, people buy it, who usually has that spare money to waste. ”

Song Weiyang asked: "In the past, the peasants were rich?"

"Of course," laughed the commissary, "in the eighties, the peasants were the richest. It was enough to pay only 50 catties of millet per acre, and at that time it was very active to pay public grain, rushing to contribute to the country. After handing over the public grain, there is still a lot left, which can be sold to the grain station for money, and the peasants have spare money in their hands. Now you have to pay a few hundred catties of grain for one acre of land, and you don't pay cash when you sell it to the grain station, but only give you a white slip, where can the peasants get money?"

Song Weiyang asked: "How much are these agricultural taxes?"

The owner of the commissary said: "There are a lot of three mentions and five unifications, and it is not the same every year, not to mention me, it is estimated that the leaders of the town will not be able to make much agricultural tax." For example, in the past, 90 yuan of grain grew in the soil for 100 yuan, and 90 yuan was from farmers. Now, if the peasants can keep twenty or thirty yuan for themselves, they should wake up laughing. ”

"What about the land?" asked Song Weiyang.

The owner of the commissary said: "In the past, I raised pigs and planted trees by myself. Now there is a tax on the sale of pigs, and there is also a tax on cutting down trees and selling them. The most annoying thing is the village-run enterprise!"

Song Weiyang said with a smile: "There are still enterprises in your village." ”

The owner of the commissary said: "I started it more than ten years ago, everyone raised funds, this one was 10 yuan, that one was 20 yuan, and those who had money would make up a few hundred yuan." The enterprise belongs to everyone, and the money earned is distributed according to shares, and the money is particularly lively during the New Year. Later, it didn't work, the company was not everyone's, it was in the village, and it was turned into a big pot of rice, and some of the money earned had to be taken by the town. Who's going to do it? The factory will collapse. ”

Hong Weiguo explained: "I know that the real reason for the collapse of the factory in the village is that the products cannot be sold. ”

Song Weiyang asked: "Where were the products sold before?"

Hong Weiguo said: "When they are sold to nearby township markets, the customers are farmers. Later, the peasants had no spare money in their hands, so they bought less products. ”

Song Weiyang was silent, and in a few words, what was presented was actually the collapse of the market in China's towns and villages.

China's rural reform began in 1978, and the decade that followed was a golden age of rural development, and an era in China's thousands of years of history in which peasant incomes were closest to those of urban dwellers – unprecedented.

In the past 10 years, China's economy has flourished in the rural areas, peasants, and agriculture, and the peasants have had abundant grain, and countless township, town, and village-run enterprises have also been set up. At that time, although the state was not financially adequate, it not only allocated funds for new water conservancy projects, but also helped rural areas build medical insurance systems and education systems.

However, after 1987, the financial departments were divided into different areas, the power of affairs was decentralized, and the township and town governments were responsible for all matters in the rural areas. In the rural areas, including the construction of roads, electricity, telephones, and schools, the peasants all have to raise funds, and after the peasants pay for them, the property rights of these things are not the peasants' own.

Then came the tax reform in '94, and the local governments had no money, so the city and county levels also made money from the peasants, and the burden on the rural areas increased exponentially.

The countryside, the peasants, seemed to be forgotten all at once.

Song Weiyang's original purpose for this paper was because Xifeng's products could only be sold at the county level, and the income from the village and town markets was almost zero. He found out from those data that the economy of China's rural areas is collapsing, and at this time there are 900 million peasants, and these 900 million peasants have lost their purchasing power.

No investigation has no right to speak, through some communication with the commissary owner, Song Weiyang found that the rural reform in the 90s did not slow down as he imagined, but accelerated!

The speed of rural reform far exceeds that of urban reform and state-owned enterprise reform, but the direction of rural reform has been reversed.

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