~~~ I'll stay up late today, and I'll change it back around 2 o'clock, so I'll see it tomorrow~~~

At present, the earliest embroidery handed down is two embroideries unearthed in the Chu tomb in Changsha, Hunan during the Warring States Period. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info view of its stitching, completely with the braid strand stitch method (i.e. lock embroidery) embroidered on the silk and Luo, the stitches are neat, the color is elegant, the lines are smooth, the pattern dragon and phoenix dance, the tiger and the beast, the performance is natural and vivid, lively and powerful, fully shows the achievements of the embroidery art of the Chu State. Han Dynasty embroidery, in Dunhuang Thousand Buddha Cave, Hebei Wulu Chong Tomb, Inner Mongolia in the northern region, Xinjiang Turpan Astana North Tomb have been unearthed, especially in 1972 in Changsha Mawangdui unearthed a large number of kinds of embroidery, more helpful to understand the Han Dynasty embroidery style. Judging from these embroideries, the theme of Han embroidery patterns is mostly wavy cloud patterns, soaring phoenix birds, galloping beasts, and ribbon patterns and geometric patterns that are common in Han mirror decorations. The new base material used in embroidery was the popular fabric at that time, such as silk brocade woven into auspicious characters such as "prolonging life and benefiting the descendants of Dayi" and "Changle Guangming". Its technique is mainly lock embroidery, filling the pattern, the composition is tight, the stitches are neat, and the lines are extremely smooth.

Soil, especially a large number of diverse and complete embroideries unearthed in Mawangdui, Changsha in 1972, is more helpful to understand the embroidery style of the Han Dynasty. Judging from these embroideries, the theme of Han embroidery patterns is mostly wavy cloud patterns, soaring phoenix birds, galloping beasts, and ribbon patterns and geometric patterns that are common in Han mirror decorations. The new base material used in embroidery was the popular fabric at that time, such as silk brocade woven into auspicious characters such as "prolonging life and benefiting the descendants of Dayi" and "Changle Guangming". Its technique is mainly lock embroidery, filling the pattern, the composition is tight, the stitches are neat, and the lines are extremely smooth.

At present, the earliest embroidery handed down is two embroideries unearthed in the Chu tomb in Changsha, Hunan during the Warring States Period. Look at its stitch method, completely with the braid strand stitch method (i.e. lock embroidery) embroidered on the silk and Luo, the stitches are neat, the color is elegant, the lines are smooth, the pattern dragon and phoenix dance, the tiger and the beast, the performance is natural and vivid, lively and powerful, fully shows the achievements of the embroidery art of the Chu State. Han Dynasty embroidery, in Dunhuang Thousand Buddha Cave, Hebei Wulu Chong Tomb, Inner Mongolia in the northern region, Xinjiang Turpan Astana North Tomb have been unearthed, especially in 1972 in Changsha Mawangdui unearthed a large number of kinds of embroidery, more helpful to understand the Han Dynasty embroidery style. Judging from these embroideries, the theme of Han embroidery patterns is mostly wavy cloud patterns, soaring phoenix birds, galloping beasts, and ribbon patterns and geometric patterns that are common in Han mirror decorations. The new base material used in embroidery was the popular fabric at that time, such as silk brocade woven into auspicious characters such as "prolonging life and benefiting the descendants of Dayi" and "Changle Guangming". Its technique is mainly lock embroidery, filling the pattern, the composition is tight, the stitches are neat, and the lines are extremely smooth.

Embroidered Buddha statue offerings

The silk fabrics from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Northern Dynasties were unearthed in Dunhuang, Gansu and Hotan, Bachu, Turpan and other places in Xinjiang. The embroidery of the Tang Dynasty that has been handed down and unearthed has a close relationship with the religious art of the Tang Dynasty, among which there are many Tang embroidered Buddha statues, such as the British Museum in the collection of the Oriental Dunhuang Thousand Buddha Caves found in the Eagle Mountain Shakya Sutra Diagram, the Nara National Museum in Japan collection of the Buddha Buddha Sutra Diagram, etc., are directly related to the belief in the Buddha Dun Longsheng. At this time, the embroidery technique still followed the lock embroidery of the Han Dynasty, but the stitch method has begun to change to use flat embroidery, and use a variety of different stitches and a variety of color threads. The materials used for embroidery are not limited to brocade silk and flat silk. The patterns used in embroidery are closely related to painting, and in addition to Buddha figures, Tang Dynasty paintings also flourished in landscapes, flowers and birds. Therefore, the Buddha figures, landscapes, pavilions, flowers and birds have also become embroidery patterns, with lively composition and bright colors. The use of fine flat embroidery embroidery, with the use of various color threads and stitches, instead of paint depiction of painting to form a special art, is also the unique style of Tang embroidery. As for the use of gold and silver threads to wrap the outline of the pattern to enhance the three-dimensional sense of the real thing, it can be regarded as an innovation in Tang Dynasty embroidery.

The embroidery before the Tang Dynasty was mostly for practical and decorative purposes, and the embroidery content was related to the needs and customs of life. The embroidery works of the Song Dynasty, in addition to practical products, are especially dedicated to embroidery paintings. Since the Jin and Tang dynasties, literati and doctors have been fond of calligraphy and painting, calligraphy and painting are the highest artistic expression at that time, and in the Song Dynasty, it is even more important to silk embroidery, and the style of calligraphy and painting directly affects the style of embroidery. From the past dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, there should be an inseparable relationship between embroidery and painting.

The development of embroidery in the Song Dynasty was due to the promotion of the imperial court at that time. According to the "History of the Song Dynasty?Official Records", the Palace Chinese Embroidery Institute was in charge of embroidery. During the reign of Huizong, there was also an embroidery painting specialty, so that the embroidery painting was classified into landscapes, pavilions, figures, flowers and birds, so that famous embroiderers came out one after another, so that the painting developed to the highest level, and from the practical to the art appreciation, the calligraphy and painting were brought into the embroidery, forming a unique ornamental embroidery. In order to achieve the expressive artistic conception of calligraphy and painting, the embroidery needs to be planned first, and the embroidery needs to be timed to measure its situation, which tends to be exquisite. The composition must be simplified, the choice of the pattern is very important, and the Tang Dynasty regardless of whether there is a pattern all over the embroidery is completely different, the Ming Dynasty Dong Qichang "Yunqing Xuan Secret Record" contains: "The embroidery of the Song people, the needle and thread are fine, with one or two filaments of velvet, with a needle such as a fine hair, for the color of the exquisite brilliance. The mountains and rivers are divided into far and near interest, the pavilions are to be deep and deep, the characters have vivid feelings, and the flowers and birds are extremely slanderous. The best one is better than the painting, and the three interests of the hope are prepared, and the spring breeze is covered with ten fingers." This description roughly explains the characteristics of Song embroidery.

The embroidery of the Yuan Dynasty has been handed down very little, and there is only one work in the Palace Museum in Taiwan, which is viewed by the work, and still inherits the legacy of the Song Dynasty. The Yuan people use velvet slightly thicker, and the needle drop is not dense, which is not as good as the Seiko of Song embroidery. The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty believed in Lamaism, embroidery in addition to the general clothing embellishment, more with a strong religious color, was used to make Buddha statues, scriptures, banners, monk hats, to Tibet Potala Palace preserved in the Yuan Dynasty "embroidered dense diamond statue" as its representative, with a strong decorative style. The embroidery unearthed from the tomb of Li Yu'an in the Yuan Dynasty of Shandong Province, in addition to various stitches, also found the practice of pasting silk. It is embroidered with plum blossoms on a skirt belt, and the petals are embroidered with silk and embroidery, which is full of three-dimensional effect.

The embroidery of the Ming Dynasty is the most novel and prominent with sprinkled thread embroidery. Sprinkle thread embroidery with double-strand twist counting, embroidered according to the yarn hole of the square hole yarn, mainly geometric pattern, or with the main flower of paving velvet. Sprinkle thread embroidery is the predecessor of the thread, belongs to the northern embroidery species, to Dingling unearthed Ming Xiaojing Empress sprinkle thread embroidery golden dragon hundred sons play girl jacket as an example, it is made of three strands, velvet thread, twisted thread, bag stem thread, peacock feather thread, flower clip line 6 kinds of thread, 12 kinds of stitches, is the fine embroidery of the Ming Dynasty. Belongs to the North (To be continued.) )