The focus of the word culture is on the word "hua".

"Transformation" is change. There are quantitative changes, qualitative changes, and inexplicable changes. Evolution, evolution, melting, desertification, aging, these are quantitative changes. There is a basic discipline called chemistry, which is about qualitative change, and adding another thing to one thing will create a third thing. Buddhism says that there are "four lives" in the world, viviparous, oviparous, wet and metamorphosis. Viviparity is born of people, dogs, cows, sheep, pigs, horses, etc., and they are conceived and born. Oviparous eggs are hatched from chickens, ducks, geese and turtles. Wet is the dirt of mosquitoes and flies. Wet life is the devil's way, and people are reincarnated into the devil's way only after they have done extremely evil things. Metamorphosis is another world, chrysalis into butterflies, feathered immortals, and more mysterious, what was in the previous life, and what has changed in this life.

Transformation is complicated, but when it comes to rules, there are internal laws.

There are three books in China that have been made around "transformation". One is the Book of Changes, and the structure of the word "Yi" is the change of the sun and the moon, with the upper being the day and the lower being the month. The I Ching is the earliest world view of the Chinese, and the world is composed of eight elements, and the complex mystery of the world lies in the deep-seated roles and changes between these eight elements. The Book of Changes mainly talks about two aspects: one is to emphasize dialectics and change. Again, it is emphasized that the law that everything is changing is unchanging. The latter point is very important, and we dare not neglect it. Human beings are constantly progressing and evolving in their understanding of how things change, but the big mistakes made by human beings are often related to not paying enough attention to this law of immutability. For example, the emperor does not want to die, the minister does not want to retire, the superstition of science, the understanding of the stages of a science is not enough, and so on.

The other two books, one is the "Book of Rites", and the other is the Chinese calendar, which is called the imperial calendar in the local dialect.

The Chinese calendar was gradually perfected and finalized in the process of understanding the laws of the movement of celestial bodies.

Let's talk about the word "Sanyang Kaitai". Sanyang Kaitai specifically refers to the day of the beginning of spring. According to the calculation method of the old Chinese calendar, the beginning of the year is counted from the day of the winter solstice, and on that day, the yang energy rises from the center of the earth to the ground. Eryang is between the two solar terms of Xiaohan and Dahan. Every year around February 4, after a slow trek of about a month and a half, Yang Qi finally breaks through the surface and returns to the earth in spring.

We have a vast land in China, and there are six kinds of old calendars in the past, such as the Yellow Emperor calendar, the Zhuan calendar, the summer calendar, the Yin calendar, the Zhou calendar, and the Lu calendar. Most of the calendars used are the summer calendar, the Yin calendar, and the Zhou calendar, and these three calendars were formerly known as the "three positives". The biggest difference between the six old calendars is the setting of the beginning of the year, that is, the month in which the year starts and which month is used as the first month. The Zhou calendar begins with the beginning of the first yang and the month of the winter solstice, which is the eleventh month of today's lunar calendar. The Yin calendar begins the year with today's lunar month (the twelfth month of the lunar calendar). The word la is the name of the sacrifice, and during this month, there are many gods of heaven and earth to be sacrificed. The beginning of the summer calendar is the same as the first month of the month we have today. The Qin Dynasty used the Zhuan calendar, and the first year of each year was the month before the winter solstice, that is, the tenth month of today's lunar calendar, and the beginning of the year was not called the first month, but the end of the month. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the Qin system was still attacked, and when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty arrived, the calendar was abolished, the Taichu calendar was promulgated, and the first year of the year was set as the first month of today.

The book "Book of Rites" specifically talks about how to obey the laws of heaven and earth and the laws of society, and also talks about the laws of the mysterious place where nature and man intersect, which can be called religious laws, that is, how to believe in worshipping and sacrificing to various gods. For example, in the word "Sheji", Sheji is a land temple, and Ji is a place to worship the god of grains. Another example is the sentence "stepping on spring and traveling east early", stepping on spring is to welcome spring, summer belongs to fire, autumn belongs to gold, winter belongs to water, earth dwells in the center, spring belongs to wood, and wood belongs to the east. "Shengde is in the wood, the eastern suburbs of Yingchun", Yingchun will go to the east. Also, how to sacrifice in drought, how to sacrifice in floods, and what are the differences between praying for rain and praying for rain. There were also specific regulations on the sacrifices used to worship the gods, and there were strict regulations on what the Son of Heaven used and what the courtiers and the people used.

The Book of Rites specifically talks about the order of the state, the society, and the people.

There are three princes and nine secretaries in the national body. The three princes are the Taishi, the Taifu, and the Taibao. Jiuqing is the young master, the young master, the young bao, the mound zai, the situ, the zongbo, the sima, the sikou, and the sikong.

The order of human body is: ten years of life, young, learning, twenty years of weakness, crown, thirty years of strength, room: forty of strong, and Shi, fifty of Ai, serving the government, sixty of the elderly, commanding, seventy of the old, and the legend: eighty or ninety, and a hundred years of period.

The book "Book of Rites" is about rules and etiquette, and it is very specific about people's behavior, but it is not a simple dogma, and there is great wisdom hidden in it. In ancient China, in the four seasons of the year, what people should do and what they did not do every month should be done according to the will of God. The sixth part of the Book of Rites is the "Monthly Order", which specifically says that the twelve months of the year should be the right time. I'll take a few paragraphs about spring, and let's see:

(Meng Chun) the east wind thaws, the stinging insects begin to vibrate, the fish on the ice (the fish swims from the bottom of the water), and the otter sacrifice fish (otter fishing. After the otters fish, they line up on the shore one by one, and then eat, similar to the sacrifice of people), and the wild geese come.

It is the moon, the weather is falling, the earth is rising, the heaven and the earth are in harmony, and the grass and trees are sprouting.

It's the month,...... There is no need to sacrifice. Logging is prohibited. No nests, no insects, no fetuses, no birds, no deer, no eggs. No crowds, no cities. (This month, no females are used for sacrifices, no trees are forbidden, no nests of birds and animals are overturned, no larvae are killed, no unborn or newborn young birds are killed, and no birds are killed that learn to fly.) Do not kill young animals, do not take eggs. No gathering of the public, no civil engineering)

It's the moon, you can't call a soldier, and if you call a soldier, you will be killed.

(Mid-spring) the beginning of the rain, the peach of the beginning of the flower, the Cang Geng (yellow bird) chirping, the eagle turned into a dove.

It is the moon, day and night. Lei Nai sounded, the electricity began, the stinging insects moved, and the household began to come out.

It's the month,...... Do not do big things (military) to hinder the farming. …… Sacrifice is not required. With Guibi, more leather coins (deerskin, bundle silk).

(Ji Chun) Tong Shihua (flowering), voles turned into ducks (a kind of bird), rainbows began to see, and pings began to grow (duckweed in the pond).

When the rain will fall, go down to the water, follow the country, look around the wilderness, repair the embankment, reach the ditch, open the road, and there will be no obstacles.

It is the moon, the anger is sheng, the yang is vented, the sentence is finished, and the sprout is up to the end (the last two sentences are the buds of Qusheng breaking the ground, and the straight buds are seedlings). It is not possible to pay taxes within the ...... Destined to have a division to send a warehouse, give poverty, and revitalize the weak,...... Encourage the princes, hire celebrities, and sages.

The reason why China is called an ancient civilization is because there is a complete set of detailed rules, which is a very important cultural tradition for us. After reform and opening up, we have achieved a great leap forward in the economy in 30 years, and the country and the people have become rich, but how much of the generous and mellow things in the Chinese tradition and the things that regulate the rules have disappeared with the wind in recent years? How serious and terrible are the so many crises of faith and trust that have occurred in our social life. Human affection has become thinner than paper. At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a slogan called "Down with the Confucian shop", which smashed the old morality, but at that time there were still many people who understood the old rules, and the attack was not too heavy. In the sixties and seventies, "breaking the four olds" and "*****" swept away all the cows, ghosts, snakes and gods, and even Confucius was no longer called, but Kong Lao Er. We are really good at destroying an old world, but we have done too little to build a new world, especially in the field of culture, at the level of social morality. In the 20 th century, these two anti-Confucian criticisms of Confucius have completely eliminated the good and bad pots in cultural traditions, and after all these things have been gone, the use of such simple new morality as "learning from Lei Feng," "five stresses, four beauties, and three loves," and "eight honors and eight shames" will not be able to support our social edifice.