"Toast" is a speech by the Duke of Zhou, recorded in the "Book of Shang". Zhou Gong was the beginning of China's prime minister, with wisdom, mind, realm, and feelings.

If the historical records are reliable, it can be said that there is no one else among the prime ministers of the later dynasties.

Duke Zhou is the fourth son of King Wen and the younger brother of King Wu.

"Since the time of King Wen, Dan (Duke of Zhou) is filial piety, Duren, different from the group. and King Wu ascended the throne, but often assisted King Wu, and used most things" ("Historical Records").

The Duke of Zhou assisted King Wu to set the world, after the destruction of Yin Shang, and the benevolent government, Wu Geng, the son of Shang, was sealed in the commercial land.

"To continue the worship", send brothers Uncle Guan, Uncle Cai, and Uncle Huo to raise the people and supervise the country. King Wu landslide, his son Ji Yu ascended the throne of King Zhou Cheng,

"Cheng Wang Shao, in infancy" ("Historical Records"), Duke of Zhou

"Regents are in charge". During this period,

"Three Supervisors" and Wu Geng

The "master and young" plotted rebellion, and the Duke of Zhou led the army to rehabilitate and eliminate the traitors, and in order to prevent future troubles, a large number of old ministers from famous Yin Shang families were killed

The "elites" moved westward as a whole

"Luoyi" (now in Luoyang City),

After the "immigration" work was over, Zhou Gong gave a group talk to this group of elites, that is, "Toast".

Toast is the nickname given to this group of people by the Duke of Zhou, which is equivalent to the modern title

"Ladies and gentlemen", it is recorded in the history books

"Yin Stubborn People",

"Cheng Zhou has become, Luoyang has gone down to the capital, moved the recalcitrant people, and the heart of the Yin doctor is not (measured) the scriptures of virtue and righteousness, so the disciples are close to the king's teachings."

The Duke of Zhou was the chief architect of the politics of the Zhou Dynasty. One of the creations is:

"The eldest son succeeds to the throne, and the remaining sons are divided into feudal systems", the inheritance of the Shang Dynasty's throne

"Brother to brother" comes first (the rebellion between the three eunuchs and Wu Geng was also based on the Shang Dynasty, which was based on the element of the Shang Dynasty, thinking that the Duke of Zhou was named the regent, but in fact he was seeking the country).

The second is the integration of feudalism and patriarchal relations, and each vassal state has built a temple and respects it

"Virtue is orderly, filial piety and friendship are the sect".

"Its ancestors are worshipped by people throughout the territory, maintaining a quasi-kinship relationship. The construction of the country's spiritual civilization is not in words, nor in superficial form, but is related to people's daily life, and the roots of the tree are rooted in concrete soil.

The external territory is vast, and it is filled by the inner moral cognition, and this model was summarized by Confucius in later generations

"Rites", and by the rites, gradually multiply the core of the spirit of traditional Chinese culture. Confucius said

This is the meaning of "self-denial". The speech of "Toast" talks about three aspects: First, the king of Xuan is disrespectful to heaven, tyrannical, does not follow the soup law, and messes with morality.

Shang Tang destroyed Xia Wei to establish Yin Shang, which was done in response to heaven, from Shang Tang to Emperor Yi, the thirty emperors did not dare to violate the virtue of heaven, and they could also give the same blessing to the people as the sky.

"As for Emperor Yi...... King Yin also dared to lose the emperor, and he was not worthy of Tianqize. "The king of Xuan went the other way, and the heavens sent a great calamity.

"But God will not protect him, and he will mourn greatly. "The second is that the Yin people are unknown. Zhou's replacement of Yin Shang was the same as Yin Shang's Xia, but you did not obey Zhou's governance and launched a rebellion, which is the reason why you immigrated here.

The third point is a bit serious. The Yin people have historical documents, and the records are also detailed, and after the Yin Dynasty fell in Xia, the old ministers were selected and retained to serve as officials.

But now I cannot appoint you, nor do you harm, nor forgive your sins. Luoyi is a big city, and it will be the royal capital of Zhou in the future, and you will live here, and if you obey Zhou's rule, you will be given land and let you live and work in peace and contentment.

Finally, he also said a blessed word: "Er boy is Xing, move from Er." "Your descendants will prosper from the day you move here.

In our China, a dynasty has just been established, and most of the former courtiers who have gone against the will and gone against the old ministers of the previous dynasty are exterminated.

From this point of view, Zhou Gong did have the mind and foresight of a great statesman. Before Tang Xuanzong Li Longji, all over China

The "Temple of Literature" is the main priest of Zhou Gong, and Confucius is seated on the side, so as to highlight the inheritance of Confucianism. Since Li Longji, it was changed to the main sacrifice of Confucius, and later some places simply called the Temple of Confucius as the Temple of Confucius, and I don't know which nerve endings Li Longji touched by Zhou Gong.

But Li Longji's poem to Confucius was written very well: "What is the master, in the inhabiting generation." The land is still the Yi of the Yan family, and the house is the palace of the king of Lu. sighed and sighed, and complained about being poor. Looking at the two trees today, when it is the same as the dream. ”