I have previously said a question, whether Jingzhou is eight counties or nine counties.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was sealed for five years and set up the Jingzhou Thorn History Department. It has jurisdiction over seven counties, namely Nanyang County, Nan County, Jiangxia County, Lingling County, Guiyang County, Wuling County and Changsha County, with a total of 117 counties under the jurisdiction of seven counties, and the governance of Hanshou. That's right, this Hanshou City is the territory that Cao Cao gave Guan Yu the title of. At this point, it is not wrong that Jingzhou governed seven counties during the Western Han Dynasty.

So, obviously, the question of how many counties there are in Jingzhou is after the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In addition to the seven counties such as Nanyang County, two new county names appeared in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, namely Xiangyang County and Zhangling County, in addition, it is also said that Zhangling County is called Nanxiang County.

In fact, Xiangyang County and Nanxiang County were separated from Nanjun and Nanyang County by Cao Cao after the Battle of Chibi. In this way, it seems clear that Jingzhou should be nine counties, and then two counties were added, Xiangyang County and Nanxiang County. However, the problem arose again, and it is recorded in many historical books that when Liu Biao occupied Jingzhou, he occupied eight counties of Jingxiang, not nine counties. And Xiangyang County and Nanxiang County were divided by Cao Cao after Liu Biao's death and after the Battle of Chibi. Then the eight counties of Jingxiang will not exist, and they should also be the seven counties of Jingxiang, what is the reason for this?

Hanshu Liu Biao Biography: The first year of the first peace. Kuai Yue suggested: "The soldiers are attached to the crowd, the south is based on Jiangling, the north is guarded by Xiangyang, and the eight counties of Jingzhou can be passed on." Li Xian quoted "Han Guanyi" and said: "Jingzhou is in charge of Changsha, Lingling, Guiyang, Nanyang, Jiangxia, Wuling, Nanjun, Zhangling, etc. ”

This is the earliest Zhangling County in historical materials.

There are three people who have been Zhangling Taishou, and there are three people in record, who are Kuai Yue, Huang Zhu, and Zhao Yan in chronological order.

According to the water scripture injection: Guangwu is the emperor's throne, changed to Zhangling County, and placed a garden and temple. In the second year of Wei Huangchu, it was renamed from the present name, so Yiyang County was also governed. As well as the records of the county table of the Three Kingdoms, Huanyu Ji: Emperor Wen of Wei established Yiyang County, Zhi'an Chang, and led five counties of Anchang, Pinglin, Pingshi, Yiyang, and Pingchun.

This is the confines of Jangling-gun.

Xiangyang County was established in the thirteenth year of Jian'an

"Song Shu Zhou County Chronicles" Xiangyang Gongxiang Xiayun: "Emperor Wu of Wei Ping Jingzhou, divided into the north of the southern county and the mountains of Nanyang, belong to Jingzhou. Yu Fengyun, Emperor Wei Wenli. "Book of Jin Geography": "In the thirteenth year of Emperor Jian'an of the Later Han Dynasty, Wei Wu won the land of Jingzhou and established Xiangyang County to the north of Nan County. ”

Then, from the above situation, we can analyze the reasons why Jingxiang is controversial.

The seven counties of Jingxiang, the eight counties of Jingxiang, and the nine counties of Jingxiang actually make sense, and the reason why there is controversy is because of the different periods. During the Western Han Dynasty, the Jingzhou Thorn History Department was established, and Jingzhou had only seven counties; from the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu added another Zhangling County, so there was no mistake in the eight counties of Jingxiang during the Liu Biao period; and after the Battle of Chibi at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jingxiang became nine counties. Some people think it is strange that during the Liu Biao period, Jingxiang had eight counties, and Cao Cao divided it into two counties, didn't it become ten counties?

This question actually solves the reason why there are two names, Zhangling County and Nanxiang County.

Obviously, after the Battle of Chibi, Cao Cao renamed Zhangling County to Nanxiang County. As a result, there are errors and omissions in the historical records, and I don't know that the predecessor of Nanxiang County is Zhangling County, which is a county that has existed for a long time, so it will cause controversy over how many counties there are in Jingxiang later.

Jingzhou is a very special place, it can be said that the rise and end of the Three Kingdoms happened because of Jingzhou. So, what is so good about Jingzhou? In the words of Zhuge Liang, that is, "Jingzhou is based on the Han Dynasty in the north, and the South China Sea is used to the fullest." Wu Hui in the east, Bashu in the west. This place of use cannot be guarded unless it is its master." To put it simply, Jingzhou is a transportation fortress and a hub for economic development.

The traffic fortress is good to say, it has the convenience of water conservancy, and because Jingzhou is the only way to Yizhou, the country of abundance. Of course, there are other places that can also lead to Yizhou, but only a few people can get to it, and if you want the army to go to Yizhou, you have to pass through Jingzhou. Yizhou, Liangzhou, Sili and other places are blocked by the continuous mountains of Hanzhong, as long as a general is sent to guard the pass between the mountains, the troops in the north of Sili and Liangzhou cannot enter Yizhou at all, that is, they can only pass through Jingzhou. At that time, after the Battle of Chibi, Liu Bei occupied several counties in Jingzhou and was invited by Liu Zhang to go to Yizhou, and Liu Bei then took the opportunity to annex Liu Zhang's territory. At that time, if it weren't for Zhang Lu, the Taishou of Hanzhong, who was afraid that he would follow Liu Zhang's back path, so as to open the juncture and let Cao Cao enter Hanzhong, Cao Cao would not have been able to interfere in the war in Yizhou at all.

Therefore, Jingzhou's geographical location is quite important.

As for the economy, at that time, the Maritime Silk Road had been launched, and the Jingzhou area was a port for maritime merchants to dock and depart.

Therefore, the importance of Jingzhou is beyond doubt.

It was precisely because of the problem of Jingzhou that Liu Bei and Sun Quan united against Cao Cao and fought a vigorous war, and then the three families divided Jingzhou; Therefore, Shu Han and Eastern Wu can really be said to be "Jingzhou in success, Jingzhou in defeat!"

From the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period, and then to the Western Jin Dynasty, it can be said that it has gone through eight stages.

First of all, Liu Biao occupied most of the territory of the eight counties of Jingzhou, except for the part south of the Yangtze River in Jiangxia County, which was occupied by Sun Ce today; then, it was Liu Biao's son who inherited the power of Liu Biao, and there was no change; then, Cao Cao marched into Jingzhou and occupied the four northern counties of Jingzhou, and Liu Cong then surrendered to Cao Cao with the four southern counties of Jingzhou, so that eight counties in Jingzhou belonged to Cao Cao, Liu Qi (together with Liu Bei) occupied the Xiakou of Jiangxia County, and Sun Quan occupied most of the territory south of the Yangtze River in Jiangxia County; Liu Bei captured Nanjun in the south of Jingzhou (Liu Bei's side captured the northern part of Nanjun, and Sun Quan's side captured the southern part of Nanjun), Changsha, Lingling, Guiyang, and Wuling, and Cao Cao occupied Nanyang County, Xiangyang County, and Nanxiang County in the north of Jingzhou, plus part of Jiangxia in the north of the Yangtze River, and the part south of the Yangtze River in Jiangxia County belonged to Sun Quan before Chibi.

At that time, the so-called borrowing of Jingzhou was actually just the area south of Nanjun that Sun Quan snatched from Cao Cao. After all, Boss Cao still occupies three counties: Nanyang County, Xiangyang County and Nanxiang County. Liu Bei naturally couldn't borrow the entire Jingzhou. Subsequently, Liu Bei took the opportunity to take the four counties of Changsha, Lingling, Wuling and Guiyang. That is to say, in this battle of Chibi, Liu Bei was the biggest winner, but Sun Quan, in addition to the territory south of Jiangxia County that he originally occupied, he only obtained the territory south of Nanjun, which undoubtedly did not gain any benefits, and there was a contradiction lurking in the alliance between the two sides. After that, when Liu Bei borrowed the area south of Nanjun and did not pay it back, this latent contradiction broke out completely, and the Sun-Liu alliance was declared bankrupt.

In the second year of Liu Bei's acquisition of Yizhou, that is, in the twentieth year of Jian'an, Sun Quan sent Zhuge Jin as an envoy to discuss with Liu Bei, demanding that several counties in the south of Jingzhou be returned to Eastern Wu. Liu Bei refused with excuses, and Sun Quan sent a group of officials to take over the three counties of Changsha, Lingling, and Guiyang. Guan Yu resolutely refused to let him go, and bombed all the officials sent by Sun Quan back. Sun Quan was furious and immediately sent Lü Meng to lead 20,000 soldiers and horses to take over these three counties by force. After Lü Meng captured Changsha and Guiyang counties, Liu Bei hurriedly led 50,000 troops to the public security and sent Guan Yu to lead 30,000 soldiers and horses to Yiyang to recapture those two counties. Sun Quan also went to Lukou in person and sent Lu Su to lead 10,000 soldiers and horses to fight in Yiyang and resist Guan Yu. Both the army of Eastern Wu and the army of Guan Yu were encamped in Yiyang and confronted each other. At this time, Liu Bei heard that Cao Cao had captured Hanzhong, and hurriedly divided Jingzhou equally with Sun Quan, and returned Changsha and Guiyang counties to Sun Quan to resist Cao Cao.

In this way, the owners of the counties in Jingzhou have changed again.

Jiangxia County, Guiyang County and Changsha County belonged to Sun Quan, and Nan County, Lingling County and Wuling County belonged to Liu Bei. The three counties of Nanyang County, Xiangyang County, and Nanxiang County, plus part of Jiangxia, belonged to Cao Cao. This situation lasted for a long time, and it was not until Guan Yu was defeated and killed that it began to change.

Lü Meng attacked Jingzhou, Guan Yu was captured and killed, and Jiangxia, Guiyang, Changsha, Nanjun, Lingling, and Wuling returned to Eastern Wu. The three counties of Nanyang County, Xiangyang County, and Nanxiang County, plus part of Jiangxia, belonged to Cao Cao. In this way, Jingzhou has no relationship with Shu Han. It's just that the problem of Jingzhou caused the alliance between Shu Han and Eastern Wu to break down, and as a result, at the end of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Han and Eastern Wu were destroyed one after another, and Jingzhou, as the source of the contradiction, did not become the final belonging of Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan, but became the territory of the Sima family.

Jingzhou was a military strategic place during the Three Kingdoms period. After the Battle of Chibi, Cao Cao could not realize the hegemony of unifying China because of the loss of Jingzhou; Liu Bei was established by borrowing Jingzhou to obtain the land of Western Shu and became the three kingdoms with Wei and Wu, but because of the ownership of Jingzhou, the Wu-Shu alliance broke down, forming a situation of long-term confrontation with Wei, and finally the Three Kingdoms returned to Jin; Wu became an alliance with Liu Bei because of borrowing Jingzhou, and broke Cao Cao in Chibi; but because of the strong attack on Jingzhou, killing Guan Yu, the battle of Yiling almost lost the country, and finally although Jingzhou was found, it lost the support of Shu, and was wiped out by Sima one after another. In the land of Jingzhou, there are successes and defeats again and again.

Not to mention the ownership of Jingzhou, Guihai Yidao and Shangguan Haitang on the other side came to Fancheng through Yuan Chang's instructions. Today, Xu Shu and his mother live in Fancheng.

Guihai Yidao and Shangguan Haitang inquired a little, and then found Xu Shu's residence.

Speaking of which, the reason why it is so easy to find out the address of Xu Shu's house is because Xu Shu is now quite famous in Fancheng and Xiangyang. Previously, Xu Shu fought with a sword to avenge his friend, which caused a series of events, which made Xu Shu change his past mistakes and change his Ranger temperament to concentrate on studying. At first, Xu Shu studied in Yingchuan, and had a good relationship with Sima Hui, a famous scholar in Yingchuan, and had a great friendship; later, because of Dong Zhuo's rebellion, Xu Shu moved to Fancheng. Of course, Xu Shu still had letters to play with Sima Hui, and because of Sima Hui, he also got acquainted with Pang Degong and Pang Tong's uncle and nephew.

Compared with Sima Hui, Pang Degong is a real hermit, and he is not in vain.

Liu Biao, the assassin of Jingzhou, invited Pang Degong into the mansion several times, but Pang Degong did not bend to take office. So, Liu Biao personally went to hire Pang Degong.

Liu Biao said to Pang Degong: "You have saved you alone, why don't you protect the world?" Pang Degong replied to Liu Biao with a smile: "The bird builds a nest on the high forest, and there is a place to perch at night, and the turtle turtle makes a hole under the abyss, and there is a home at night, and people's choices and behaviors are also people's nests, and everything is only a place for each to get a place to live, so the world is not what I want to preserve." "Pound Gong was a farmer, so his wife and children worked in front of him. Liu Biao pointed to his family and asked Pang Degong: "Mr. lives in the fields and refuses to come out to be an official, what can he leave to his children and grandchildren?" Pang Degong replied: "People in the world who pursue fame and fortune will only leave their children and grandchildren in danger, while what I leave to my children and grandchildren is to live and work in peace and contentment, but the things left behind are different." ”

Liu Biao asked Pang Degong the reason for his danger, and Pang Degong replied: "Yao and Shun grant the land of the world to his courtiers without favoritism, and let his son live among the people without pride." Danzhu, Shang Jun and I were able to save their lives and die. Although Yu and Tang had gained the world, they handed over the country to their relatives, and the Ji were defeated and retreated, and they migrated to Nanchao, and the heads of the Zhou were hung on the banner of Zhou, and their clans were captured by the enemy. Aren't Yu and Tang stupider than Danzhu and Shang Jun? This is the reason why they are in danger. When the Duke of Zhou was regent, he killed his brother. If Zhou Gong and his brothers had been allowed to eat shoddy soup and live under the basil before, how could there be such a harm!" Liu Biao had to sigh and leave.

Zhuge Liang's Wolong, Pang Tong's Feng Xiao and Sima Hui's Water Mirror are actually Pang Degong's evaluation of the three of them. Not as many people think, the titles of Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong are Sima Hui's evaluation of the two of them.

Zhuge Liang's Wolong and Pang Tong's phoenix chicks are very easy to understand, what is the meaning of Sima Hui's water mirror?

In this way, it is necessary to explain the identity of Sima Hui. As mentioned earlier, Sima Hui is not a hermit, only a character like Pang Degong is a real hermit. So, what is Sima Hui's identity? In fact, if you think about his surname, it is clear at a glance. That's right, Sima Hui is actually a child of the Sima family of the Shuntian League, but he is not a core disciple, but one of the contacts arranged by the Sima family in various parts of the world.

The reason why Sima Hui recommended Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong to serve Liu Bei was just to follow the arrangement of the Shuntian League. Obviously, no one knows Sima Hui's identity, no, there is a person who has already noticed it, yes, this person is naturally Pang Degong.

The reason why Pang Degong gave Sima Hui an evaluation of the water mirror is nothing more than secretly showing that what Sima Hui and the forces behind him have done is nothing more than the moon in the water and the flowers in the mirror, and in the end it is all empty. As for whether Sima Hui and Shuntianmeng understand this truth, Pang Degong doesn't care, he is still him, a hermit who wanders in the mountains and wilderness - Pang Degong. (To be continued.) )