Genius One Second Remember Love ♂ ÷ Talk → Internet to provide you with wonderful novels to read. Yuan Chang, the official of the Beijing City Government in Youzhou, swept his gaze to Diao Xiu'er and said, "Brigade Commander Diao, tell you about the news you have discovered, and let's discuss what to do next." 【愛↑去△小↓說△網.aixs】"

"Yes!"

Diao Xiu'er saluted with a dignified expression, and then said slowly: "Qiyu Prefecture Mu, according to the spies arranged in the three counties of Xuanwu County, Liaodong County and Changli County, Lu Jun and Lu Hai, the former Fanyang Lu clan's people, lobbied the leader of Karasuma, Gao Delu, the king of Goguryeo, Xiguang, and Murong Ding, the leader of the eastern Xianbei, to send troops to Youzhou. Now, Karasuma has begun to assemble 50,000 troops, and the commander of the three kings, Su Muyan, and the commander of Wuyan, who invaded Youzhou before, will march to Youbeiping County; Gao Delu, the king of Goguryeo's Western Guangguang, has also agreed to send troops and sent Gao Jianchang, the general of the Goguryeo clan, to command 40,000 troops, stationed in Xinbin City, Goguryeo, and can send troops to Liaodong County at any time; as for Murong Ding, who is in Xianbei in the east, has not sent troops so far, because the Xianbei court in the east is divided into two factions, one faction supports sending troops to Youzhou, and the other faction does not support sending troops to Youzhou. However, according to the detailed report of Xianbei in the east, because of the reason that Karasuma and Goguryeo jointly sent troops, Murong Ding intended to send troops, but because Murong Yu, the general who invaded Youzhou with Karasuma before, tried his best to dissuade him, Murong Ding was temporarily unable to make up his mind. That's the news from the spies at the border. ”

"Hmm!"

Yuan Chang nodded, and the civil and military forces present asked, "Everyone, what do you have to do about Karasuma Goguryeo and Eastern Xianbei?"

Yuan often asked, and everyone naturally looked at the chief strategist Guo Jia.

However, Guo Jia did not speak, but looked at the palace.

Now, Guo Jia has shown his ability under Yuan Chang, and there is no need to continue to show Xiàn.

And Chen Gong newly joined Yuan Chang's forces, and everyone didn't know much about Chen Gong's ability.

Therefore, Guo Jia is naturally willing to give the opportunity to Chen Gong, and he can save some thoughts.

Chen Gong understood what Guo Jia meant, and knew that he wanted to establish his prestige and make a difference.

Therefore, Chen Gong was not hypocritical, stood up and straightened his robe, and said with a straight face: "Qiyu Prefecture Mu, depending on the subordinate Xianbei's indecisiveness, must be planning to wait for Karasuma and Goguryeo to occupy the advantage, and then send troops to pick up the cheap, therefore, the eastern Xianbei only needs to send a general to guard the border pass, and they can be safe, and Goguryeo is just a barren land, sparsely populated, and short of resources, and its dispatch of 40,000 troops may already be their limit. As long as one general is sent to defend Liaodong County, Goguryeo's soldiers and horses cannot enter the territory of Youzhou, it will not take much time, there will inevitably be a shortage of grain and grass, at that time, the state pastor does not need a single soldier, he can let Goguryeo retreat without a fight, and it is not to be afraid; therefore, the first enemy to deal with now is Karasuma. ”

Chen Gong paused, seeing that Yuan Chang did not react on his face, he didn't know what Yuan Chang was thinking, after thinking for a moment, he continued: "Karasuma is the remnant of the former Xiongnu split, its tribe is fierce and cruel, since the imperial court concentrated its forces in the west to face the Fu Qiang people, Karasuma has encroached on the surrounding tribes, and continues to expand, which has the appearance of restoring the former Xiongnu. Now, just before it rises, it is being wiped out in one fell swoop, thus pacifying the north. ”

"Well, what else do you think?"

After listening to Chen Gong's explanation, Yuan Chang did not express his opinion immediately, but asked in words, and then asked, "Fengxiao, what do you think?"

"My lord, the thoughts of my subordinates are the same as those of Gongtai, and the only enemy now is Karasuma, and there is nothing to fear in Eastern Xianbei and Goguryeo. ”

Guo Jia is not wrong to think that Karasuma is a great enemy, Karasuma is a branch of the former Xiongnu, inherited the warlike and ferocious nature of the Xiongnu, and has been plundering the border area of Youzhou all year round, and the people on the border have suffered from its persecution.

Just like in history, after Cao Cao eliminated Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, Guo Jiajian yì Cao Cao went north to eliminate Karasuma, for which Guo Jia also took his own life.

It can be seen that Guo Jia attaches great importance to Karasuma.

Of course, from the perspective of this era, Karasuma is indeed a great enemy, and Goguryeo and Eastern Xianbei are just scabies, so there is nothing to worry about.

However, Yuan Chang, as a traverser, knows more inside information, so he is different from Guo Jia.

In Yuan Chang's eyes, Goguryeo's dangerous hài is undoubtedly more than a hundred times more powerful than Karasuma.

The development of history also proves that Goguryeo is a monstrous scourge for the Central Plains.

It can be said that many disasters in China were directly or indirectly caused by Goguryeo.

Goguryeo was originally just a place name, and it was Goguryeo that Qin Shi Huang set out to conquer at that time, not Goryeo.

Apparently, Goryeo and Goguryeo were confused.

Goguryeo appeared as a place name in the early Qin and Han dynasties, and it was not until the time of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, that is, when Zhaojun sent the Xiongnu to make peace with his relatives, that Goguryeo was founded, and Goguryeo was the name of the country.

Although Emperor Liu Shuang of the Han Yuan Dynasty has no ability, his father Liu Yi is also known as Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty Liu Xun, of course, it is more of a TV series and is widely known.

Read the full text of the latest chapter and talk back to Goguryeo, during the time of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, the prince of Buyeo** fled from Buyeo to Buyeo because of discord with other princes, and established Goguryeo.

Therefore, it is recorded in the history books that Goguryeo already existed in Zài, and this statement is not wrong, but Goguryeo at that time did not exist in the form of a state.

After Goguryeo established the state, it has always coveted the land of the Central Plains.

During the reign of King Taejo of Goguryeo, he launched an offensive against Lelang County, Xuansu County, and Liaodong County in Youzhou, which led to the armed conflict between Goguryeo and the Han Dynasty.

However, the ending is obvious, with the strength of Goguryeo at that time, vainly trying to confront the Han court was undoubtedly a fool's dream, and finally the Han court beat the capital and moved the capital to Marudu City.

Of course, Goguryeo's ambition to step on the Central Plains has not been extinguished, and it has always waged local wars against several counties on the border of Youzhou.

At that time, the imperial court arranged most of its troops in the west to face the Fuqiang people, so that it had no time to take care of Goguryeo.

After that, the Central Plains fell into war again, and in the era of hegemony, Goguryeo was even more unscrupulous.

Later, after Cao Cao eliminated Karasuma and other alien races, Goguryeo and Cao Wei allied to attack Liaodong County and other places that were occupied by local tyrants at that time.

After Cao Cao occupied Liaodong and other places, Goguryeo suddenly launched an offensive to attack Cao Wei's army, and as a result, Cao Cao hit the capital of Goguryeo, Maruduseong, forcing the king of Goguryeo Dongchuan to flee to Wofu.

Cao Wei thought that Goguryeo had perished after destroying the capital of Maru, so he quickly evacuated.

However, in just seventy years, Goguryeo rebuilt the city of Marudu and began to attack Liaodong, Lelang and Xuansu.

With the advance of Goguryeo on the Liaodong Peninsula, during the Jin Dynasty, King Micheon of Goguryeo annexed the last county of the original Han Dynasty, Lelang County.

Goguryeo entered and controlled most of the northern part of the Korean Peninsula from the northeast.

It began to be in a fierce military confrontation with the ancient Korean states of Baekje and Silla, which formed the main body of modern Korea.

Koreans call this period of history the "Three Kingdoms Era" in Korean history

。

However, this "Three Kingdoms"

A few large tribal states that initially had no sense of national identity with each other were completely different from the situation in which the three kingdoms of the Three Kingdoms period in China were all separated from the unified Han Dynasty and the people also had the same sense of nationality.

During the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties of China, Goguryeo began to enter its heyday when King Haotai of Goguryeo succeeded to the throne.

Later, King Haotae annexed the Buyeo Kingdom and the Intar tribes in the north, formed an absolute military superiority over Baekje, and forced Silla to submit in the wars between Silla and Baekje, Gayage, and Wa.

After King Jangshou of Goguryeo ascended the throne, due to the confrontation between Baekje and Silla, King Jangshou moved his capital to Pyongyang to strengthen his control over Baekje and Silla.

King Changshou continued the expansionist policies of his father, King Haotai, and annexed some Buyeo, Jin, and Khitan tribes, fought against the Northern Wei, and maintained control over Silla.

After the heyday, it naturally began to decline, and the decline of any dynasty is inseparable from internal struggles.

After the assassination of King Anzao of Goguryeo, his brother King Ahwon succeeded him.

【愛↑去△小↓說△網.aixs】During the reign of King Yasuhara, disputes between the royal family intensified.

The two political groups fought over the succession to the throne.

In the end, the eight-year-old King Yangyuan ascended the throne, but the struggle for power did not end.

Opposition aides began to build up their own armies and exercise de facto control over their territories.

Suffering from internal and external troubles, the northern part of Goguryeo was attacked by nomads.

However, the internal rivalry among Goguryeo continued, and at the same time, Baekje and Silla began a joint attack on Goguryeo in order to get rid of their enslaved status by Goguryeo.

After the Sui Dynasty destroyed Nanchen and unified the Central Plains, they began to demand neighboring countries as their vassals, and most of them were recognized.

Only Goguryeo disobeyed this.

During the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui, Goguryeo preemptively attacked Liaoxi, triggering the first war between Goguryeo and Sui.

When Emperor Wen of Sui was ready to raise the troops of the Central Plains to ask for his guilt, the king of Goguryeo was busy expressing his apologies and calling himself "Liaodong Dung Tuchen Yuan"

and was pardoned.

However, Goguryeo still connected with anti-Sui forces, and when Emperor Yang of Sui discovered Goguryeo's envoys at the Turkic Khan, he began to realize that Goguryeo was a potential border hazard in the Central Plains.

The war between Emperor Yang of Sui and Goguryeo broke out, and Emperor Yang of Sui conquered Goguryeo instead of Goryeo.

The million-strong army of the Sui attacked Goguryeo by land and sea, breaking through more than forty or fifty cities along the way, and later due to the improper command of the front-line generals of the Sui army, the 300,000 troops who crossed the Liao River to attack were almost completely annihilated.

Emperor Yang of Sui personally conquered Goguryeo for the second time, but due to Yang Xuangan's rebellion, the battle was canceled.

When Emperor Yang of Sui personally conquered Goguryeo for the third time, because of the war in Goguryeo for many years, which caused many domestic evils, and the troops were not enough, Gao Yuan heard that the Sui army had broken through the defense line, Gao Yuan was afraid, so he sent an envoy to apologize for his crimes, and returned to the defected Sui general Hu Sizheng, Emperor Yang of Sui Xu Zhi, and then returned to the court.

Later, Emperor Yang of Sui planned to attack Goguryeo.

However, due to the intensification of civil strife in the Sui Dynasty, the plan to attack Goguryeo was canceled.

The Sui war against Goguryeo sharply reduced the national power of the Sui Dynasty and triggered the civil rebellion at the end of the Sui Dynasty.

When the Sui Dynasty fell, it failed to destroy Goguryeo.

However, the war between Sui and Goguryeo weakened Goguryeo's national strength, stopped its proliferation and rose, and laid a good foundation for Li Tang to eliminate Goguryeo.

If there is a "powder keg" in East Asia

Then it must be the Korean Peninsula.

In Chinese history, the fall of at least three dynasties is directly linked to Joseon.

If it weren't for Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty's three expeditions to Goguryeo, the Sui Dynasty's rule would probably last for dozens or even hundreds of years; if it weren't for the Wanli Emperor's fight to the point of financial bankruptcy to "resist Japan and aid Korea"

If the Qing Dynasty had not been defeated in the Sino-Japanese War, the glamorous Westernization Movement might have fooled the world for decades.

However, the most puzzling thing is why Emperor Yang of Sui unswervingly went to Goguryeo, and even did not change his original intention even when the country was ruined.

For later generations, Emperor Yang of Sui's move is often interpreted as irrational madness, or nothing more than a great feat, or a reckless military force, anyway, even "defending the country"

None of these levels of explanation are given.

As far as the history of China is concerned, the launch of such a large-scale war is attributed to the "madness" of a certain faint monarch

, which may also be unique.

In fact, it is very easy to puncture this point of view, even if Emperor Yang of Sui is a faint monarch, then Emperor Wen of Sui Yang Jian and Tang Taizong Li Shimin are not, but, these two "holy monarchs"

The emperors of the rank also fought Goguryeo, and they did not win.

In fact, it is a very simple truth, Emperor Yang of Sui's three expeditions to Goguryeo was the reconstruction of the "world system" by the Great Sui Dynasty

The key step, in layman's terms, was that Goguryeo did not obey the international order dominated by the Sui Dynasty and tried to compete with the Sui Dynasty for dominance in Northeast Asia.

If Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty did not subdue Goguryeo, then the Great Sui would not be able to become the legitimate leader of the East Asian world, and this is the "order of the world" that no unified dynasty in China can shirk its responsibility

。

In other words, to understand Emperor Yang of Sui's three expeditions to Goguryeo, one must start from an "international perspective"

and the "International Strategy"

perspective.

It can be said that from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the master of Liaodong and even Northeast Asia was no longer the Central Plains Dynasty, but Goguryeo.

This is the international shape that the Great Sui Dynasty had to face when it was established.

The most intolerable thing for the Sui regime was that Goguryeo was also well versed in "distant friendship and close attack"

The strategy was to realize the diplomacy of the north and the south, proclaimed himself a vassal to the southern dynasty for a long time, used the southern dynasty to contain the northern dynasty (Sui), and even formed a strategic offensive and defensive alliance with the southern dynasty, and once participated in the "civil war" of the northern and southern dynasties

。

In the language of contemporary politics, it is, "peripheral forces"

Vainly attempted to obstruct the great cause of the reunification of the motherland of the Central Plains Dynasty.

Regardless of the dynasty, this is obviously a big taboo.

The most glorious page of Goguryeo's great diplomacy is that it even led the thread and gorgeously composed the "Goguryeo Chen Turk"

The tripartite alliance is completely an international and domestic "anti-Sui chorus"

The panache.

Goguryeo knew very well that the basic condition for its rise and domination in Northeast Asia was the division of the Central Plains Dynasty, and once the Central Plains Dynasty was unified, it was time to clean it up.

Sure enough, when Emperor Wen of Sui pacified the Turks in the north and destroyed the Chen Dynasty in the south, the troops began to aim directly at Sui's biggest enemy on the East Asian continent - Goguryeo.

Northeast Asia at this time "international shape shì"

It is still complicated: in the northeast, the Khitan and the Jurchen (the predecessors of the Jurchens) have submitted to the Sui Dynasty, and Goguryeo's alliance policy has basically gone bankrupt, while in the south of the Korean Peninsula, there are actually two other countries that Goguryeo has been trying to annex, Baekje and Silla, in order to compete with Goguryeo, they have also engaged in "long-distance and close attacks" on a small scale

, became an ally of the Sui Dynasty.

In the eighteenth year of Emperor Wen of Sui, Emperor Wen of Sui mobilized an army of 300,000 to attack Goguryeo.

Emperor Wen of Sui was more or less from Goguryeo, and he had previously said in an edict to the king of Goguryeo: "The king is as vast as the Yangtze River?

Of course, if Goguryeo had been so vulnerable, there would not have been as many stories as later, and in this war, the 300,000-strong army of the Sui Dynasty was almost completely wiped out.

It can be said that since the founding of the Sui Dynasty, it has been almost invincible, and this defeat was the first strategic setback of the Sui Dynasty.

The only thing that can be comforted is that Goguryeo is also seriously injured, and King Gao Yuan called himself "Liaodong Dung Tuchen Yuan" after the war

, which can be regarded as giving the Sui Dynasty a step down, so as not to lose the **** dignity.

The unfinished historical mission of Emperor Wen of Sui was then handed over to Emperor Yang of Sui.

From a long historical perspective, Emperor Yang was faced with the historic task of ending Goguryeo's domination of Northeast Asia for hundreds of years after the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty.

As Mr. Han Sheng said, "Bringing Goguryeo to its knees in order to establish a new international system became an unavoidable choice for the Sui Dynasty, which wanted to build a world empire."

Therefore, the conquest of Goguryeo can never be regarded as a great achievement of Emperor Yang of Sui.

An interesting historical detail is that both Emperor Wen of Sui and Emperor Yang of Sui did not mention territorial issues in their edicts to Goguryeo, but focused on Goguryeo's "non-vassals"

, as the edict said, "Goryeo Gaoyuan, the loss of the feudal ceremony, will want to ask the guilt of Liaozuo, restore the victory strategy"

。

Mr. Gao Mingshi also believed in "The Exploration of the Order and Cultural Circle of the World" that Goguryeo's rudeness and disobedience could not be tolerated when the national strength of the Sui Dynasty reached enough to make a difference, so the edict also said, "This is tolerable, which is unbearable!"

Of course, this does not mean that Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was indifferent to the historical issues of the territory.

The history of Goguryeo's founding for hundreds of years is basically a history of encroachment on the northeastern territory of the Central Plains Dynasty, and the recovery of territory is also an organic part of the oath of dominance of the international order, but from the statement of Emperor Yang of Sui, at least if Goguryeo is willing to cooperate with the Sui Dynasty on issues of international order such as vassals, it can be discussed with Sui on territorial issues.

More importantly, Emperor Yang of Sui had no intention of destroying Goguryeo.

In fact, this is also an important principle for the Central Plains Dynasty in dealing with the relations with the surrounding vassal states in the future, as long as they are obediently vassals, they can make concessions on both territorial issues and economic and trade issues.

It is a slight exaggeration to say that Emperor Yang of Sui "showed maturity and superb diplomatic skills" in dealing with the Goguryeo issue

。

But at least it is certain that before the expedition to Goguryeo, Emperor Yang of Sui was in the "international"

Goguryeo has been basically isolated, and the princes of the "Son of Heaven have been killed"

In terms of the form of dispatching troops, it is not only in line with the Confucian "prestige and subjugation"

historical outlook, and occupies the commanding heights of international morality.

Since the dispatch of troops itself has full historical legitimacy, what is the problem of the fiasco of Emperor Yang of Sui's three expeditions to Goguryeo?

First, when Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty sent troops for the first time in the first month of the eighth year of the Great Cause, he actually mobilized an unprecedented army of more than 1.1 million, and such a large-scale dispatch of troops could not be said to have any practical significance militarily except for increasing the logistical burden.

Throughout Chinese history, such a large-scale dispatch of troops has often been a disastrous defeat, and the most famous example is the 970,000 army that Fu Jian claimed to have thrown in the whip and cut off the flow during his expedition to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Second, Emperor Yang of Sui's attack on Goguryeo was more like a "political battle"

, which was especially noticeable on the first expedition.

Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty set up surrender envoys in all major armies, and once Goguryeo asked for surrender, the Sui army had to stop attacking, and this was precisely used by the Goguryeo army, and when the situation was unfavorable, it repeatedly obtained respite by surrendering.

However, for these two points of military common sense, it is impossible for Emperor Yang of Sui, who once served as the commander of Ping Chen, not to know anything at all.

The only explanation is that both the size of the troops and the "surrendered emissary"

, all of which show that Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty intended to conquer Goguryeo without a fight, trying to show off his strength and show his strength to subdue Goguryeo, and this demand even overwhelmed the military defeat of Goguryeo.

In this regard, it is also reaffirmed that the above Sui Yang Emperor's intention was to re-establish the international order, rather than to gain territory's motive for sending troops.

Third, for a large country like Goguryeo, which has been established for hundreds of years, it is very difficult strategically to try a quick victory.

With the hindsight of the history of the Tang Dynasty's destruction of Goguryeo, it is wise to gradually weaken Goguryeo's national strength through a protracted war, and finally seize the opportunity of Goguryeo's civil strife to send troops on a large scale in one fell swoop.

Fourth, the timing of Emperor Yang of Sui's troops was even more problematic.

Even if Emperor Yang of Sui was doing an incomparably right thing, he was "doing the right thing at the wrong time"

, the reason is very simple, Emperor Yang of Sui used too much national strength before, and he was building the Grand Canal, repairing granaries, and cruising around, and he should rest with the people for several years before going to Goguryeo.

In the same way, after the setback of the first expedition, Emperor Yang of Sui sent troops again the following year, which is also a problem.

Finally, before Emperor Yang of Sui sent troops to Goguryeo for the third time, the country was already full of smoke, and the exaggerated description was, "eighteen anti-kings, sixty-four roads of smoke and dust"

Under such circumstances, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty actually forcibly sent troops, which directly led to the short life of the Great Sui Dynasty.

However, from another aspect, it can also be pacified that Goguryeo is almost in the first place in the imperial self-perception of Emperor Yang of Sui.

Unfortunately, Emperor Yang of Sui lost the battle that must be fought, and the greater misfortune was that he also destroyed a great empire dedicated to reorganizing the international order.

However, Goguryeo was also greatly damaged in these major wars, and in this regard, the book "Fighting for Hegemony in Northeast Asia" also gave Emperor Yang of Sui a rather sad and respectful historical evaluation: China used the price of the demise of a dynasty to make Goguryeo lose the best opportunity to become the hegemon of Northeast Asia.

In this way, the historical mission of completely resolving the Goguryeo issue and reorganizing the international order can only be left to the next dynasty.

The later Li Tang Dynasty did not live up to the efforts of Emperor Yang of Sui and completely wiped out Goguryeo in the long river of history.

Subsequently, Baekje Silla and even Goryeo gradually rose to become the hegemon of the Korean Peninsula.

Therefore, Yuan Chang, who was well aware of this qiē, naturally did not leave the scourge of Goguryeo behind, but put the elimination of Goguryeo in the most important position, and as for Karasuma, it was naturally ranked behind Goguryeo.

(To be continued.)

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