"It's not easy to do. ”

In the reception room of the national property insurance company, Xu Guangming, deputy general manager of the company, scratched the top of his head, which had no hair left, and said to the three guests sitting in front of him.

The three guests are Feng Xiaochen, general manager of the State Equipment Corporation, Leng Feiyun, director of the project management department, and Wang Zhenbin, director of the National Development and Reform Commission. If it is replaced by someone else's visit, there is no need for a cadre of Xu Guangming's level to come out to receive it, but Feng Xiaochen and Wang Zhenbin are both at the director level, and if the property insurance company sends a small director to receive it, it will be too lazy.

The purpose of Feng Xiaochen's trip was to discuss with the property insurance company the establishment of the first set of insurance products for the country's independent equipment, which was raised in response to the refusal of the user unit that Wang Weilong had told Feng Xiaochen about refusing to accept the first domestic equipment.

The so-called first set refers to the first or first set of equipment manufactured by domestic enterprises based on independent design, no matter how rigorous the design and manufacturing of the manufacturing enterprise is, as the first or the first set of equipment, there will always be a variety of unpredictable use risks. When domestic users bid for equipment, they often require that the products provided by bidding enterprises have been successfully applied, which is also a very common requirement in the world. But if all user companies make such a request, then the first set of equipment will never have the opportunity to be applied, which is a paradox.

In order to encourage users to become the first "crab-eating" unit, in addition to providing discounts in terms of price and other aspects, it is also necessary to have a set of guarantee mechanisms to eliminate the risk of users using the first set of equipment. Manufacturing companies do not dare to promise to compensate users for all risk losses, because some risks may be too large for manufacturing enterprises to afford, or may seriously affect the operation of manufacturing enterprises. At this time, the value of the insurance company is reflected. If the insurance company provides a risk guarantee, the manufacturing enterprise only needs to pay a small amount of insurance premium, and when the equipment does have a problem, the insurance company can assume the responsibility of compensating the user for the loss of the enterprise, which is an excellent mechanism for the manufacturing enterprise and the user enterprise.

Feng Xiaochen consulted some experts in finance and technology to demonstrate this issue, and everyone agreed that this was a good solution. Feng Xiaochen reported to the National Development and Reform Commission again, and the National Development and Reform Commission also agreed to this plan, so Feng Xiaochen and Wang Zhenbin visited the property insurance company together.

Before the visit, Feng Xiaochen had already asked people to pass on the plan designed by the equipment company to the property insurance company, and asked the property insurance company to evaluate it. Xu Guangming also saw the evaluation report submitted by the company's actuarial department, so he showed embarrassment in front of Feng Xiaochen and Wang Zhenbin.

"We did the calculations, but the current calculations are still rough because of the lack of sufficient data. However, according to our calculations, the insurance cost will reach about 30% of the transaction price of the equipment on average, which is too far from the original expectation of the equipment company not to exceed 5% of the transaction price of the equipment. Xu Guangming said to the three of them.

"30% of the transaction price, that's too high, right?" Leng Feiyun smacked his lips.

Think about it, if the price of a piece of equipment is 10 million, and the insurance premium alone has to pay 3 million, how can this business be done. The profit margins of major equipment will not be too high, and in order to compete with foreign products, it is necessary to appropriately lower some prices. If 30% of the transaction price is offered as an insurance premium, no company can afford it.

Xu Guangming said: "This is where I said things are difficult. In fact, the average profit of 30% is still underestimated, different equipment, different applications, and the reputation of manufacturing enterprises are all to be considered. According to the calculations submitted by the actuarial department, some products even need to pay a premium equivalent to 150% of the transaction price. I didn't dare to say it directly, because I was afraid that I would scare you. ”

"We're already scared. Wang Zhenbin said, "Such a high premium standard is definitely unaffordable for enterprises." I know that your insurance company also has to consider profits, but this matter is related to the overall situation of the country's major equipment research and development.

Xu Guangming smiled bitterly: "Director Wang has wronged us, we really have no intention of making profits from this matter." In the plan sent to us by Mr. Feng, the importance of this matter has been explained, and the board of directors of our company has held a special meeting to discuss it, and unanimously agreed not to make a penny of profit on this project, and even take some risks. We let the actuarial department calculate the premium according to this standard, and in this way, we still need such a high premium. ”

Feng Xiaochen sat opposite and observed Xu Guangming's expression, feeling that he didn't seem to be lying. In fact, property insurance companies are also national enterprises, and their relationship with the National Development and Reform Commission is very close, and there is no need for Xu Guangming to lie in front of Wang Zhenbin. He thought for a while and asked, "Mr. Xu, can I understand why the insurance standard is so high?"

"It's all calculated. Xu Guangming said, "We need to calculate the probability of various equipment failures, and then calculate the expected loss of our company according to the losses caused by each failure." The insurance income should be able to compensate for the expected loss so that we can break even on this project. If we were going to make some profit, we would need to add another percentage to that. ”

Feng Xiaochen also understands this set of premium calculation methods, and he asked: "So, do you think the probability of our equipment malfunctioning is very large?"

Xu Guangming said: "Different equipment conditions are different, and we also rely on past experience to calculate, in order to collect this data, we have also invested a lot of energy. The key now is that your equipment is mainly used in key areas, and any problem is a very big loss, which is the reason for the high premium. After reading the report of the actuarial department, I felt that this could not be done, and the manufacturing companies could not accept such a high premium. ”

"There can't be any mistakes in your calculations, right?" Leng Feiyun couldn't help but ask.

Xu Guangming said with a smile: "Minister Leng's question, I really can't answer it." The professional level of the actuaries in our actuarial department is still very good, but when it comes to this new type of insurance, I don't dare to guarantee them, saying that there is no mistake in their calculations. What is the reason? We need to have a lot of data to support actuarial science. For example, for marine transportation insurance, we can calculate the transportation risk according to the previous accident data on each route, and this accuracy is relatively high.

But your first set of risks, there is no reference information, each equipment is different from others, no one knows which equipment is more risky and which is less risky. We synthesized a variety of information and came up with a barely acceptable result. To tell you the truth, even according to the ratio I just mentioned, our company also has to take great risks, in case of a major accident, we will compensate in full, and we can fold half of our company's family into it. ”

"Not really. Feng Xiaochen said, "If there is such a big risk, we will pay special attention to it when the project is established, and the product design will also be demonstrated in many ways, and it is impossible to put the equipment with major risks into operation." ”

Having said that, Feng Xiaochen also knew that Xu Guangming's worries were not unreasonable. Once an accident occurs with some major equipment, the losses are indeed immeasurable. For example, nuclear power is a huge disaster if there is no accident. With such a big risk, let the insurance company bear it, and people must be under pressure.

Wang Zhenbin is accustomed to macro coordination, and he does not feel new to this kind of tricky matter, he knows that all units have some solutions to solve problems, so they emphasize difficulties, but they just use this to negotiate conditions.

Sure enough, hearing Wang Zhenbin's question, Xu Guangming showed some embarrassment on his face, and said: "It's not completely impossible to help, it depends on how determined the country is." ”

"I can answer you this, how much determination you want the country to have, how determined the country can be. Feng Xiaochen replied calmly.

Xu Guangming was a little surprised by this answer, he looked at Wang Zhenbin and asked, "Director Wang, can Mr. Feng's words represent the meaning of the National Development and Reform Commission?"

Wang Zhenbin nodded and said: "Xiaochen is right, the state will give full support to the equipment manufacturing industry." Without the equipment manufacturing industry, everything in our country is in the air. You asked how determined the country is to support the equipment manufacturing industry, Xiaochen's words just now represent the meaning of the National Development and Reform Commission, how much you hope the country's determination is, how big the country's determination can be. ”

"If that's the case...... Xu Guangming pondered for a moment and said, "That's not impossible." ”

"I want to hear about it. Wang Zhenbin said.

Xu Guangming said: "We hope that the state can give us a policy, and the finance will support us. We define a risk boundary, within which the risks that arise are borne by our company. Risks beyond this limit are borne by the state treasury. If the risk beyond the limit can be removed, the premium can be significantly reduced. However, we are also ugly in the front, even if it is reduced, the average premium is estimated to be more than 10%, which is difficult to reduce again. ”

"Can you draw this risk boundary?" Wang Zhenbin asked Feng Xiaochen.

Feng Xiaochen said: "This is okay. When it comes to projects with significant risks, it is not something we can make decisions in the first place, and we need a central decision. If something goes wrong with this kind of project, it is certainly not enough to rely on the property insurance company to compensate, and it can only be borne by the state. ”

"If that's the case, then I think it's a viable idea. Wang Zhenbin said, "Xiaochen, Mr. Xu, after coming down, the three of us will write a report to explain this matter from their own perspectives, and then the NDRC will submit it to the superior leaders." If the higher-ups can accept this plan, we will do it. ”