After a brief self-introduction, Mr. Li Mubai began to pull the topic into today's topic about music.

"Okay, back to the topic of today's talk, since you have chosen the course I taught, it means that everyone here has different degrees of liking music, and some students may want to develop on the road of music, so today I will first introduce the history of music and the genre of music today, so that everyone here has a systematic understanding of music, of course, some students who already know can do their own things first, and don't pay attention to my old man's speech......"

In Mr. Li Mubai's short words, Zhao Muneng could hear that he was a generous and funny person. Then, under the introduction of Mr. Li Mubai, Zhao Mu had some understanding of the history of music and today's genres.

"Chinese music was first produced in primitive hunting and sacrificial activities, and music and dance in the primitive period were inseparable, and now music has developed to a wide range. ”

"The history of Chinese music, in the beginning of the general recognition and later archaeological discoveries, now believes that the source of Chinese music is in the legendary Yellow Emperor period or even further era. ”

"The history of Chinese music can be divided into the ancient period, the Xia and Shang periods, the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou dynasties, the Qin and Han dynasties, the Three Kingdoms Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties, the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the modern period. ”

The Chinese guqin is the world's earliest stringed instrument, also known as the yaoqin, jade qin, seven-stringed qin, guqin is a popular musical instrument in the Zhou Dynasty, at least 3,000 years of history. At the beginning of this century, it was called "guqin". The creators of the qin have legends such as those created by Fuxi and Shennong, which can be regarded as the origin of stringed instruments. ”

"And the origin of wind instruments is also in China. Legend has it that in the era of the Yellow Emperor more than 5,000 years ago, a musician named Ling Lun entered the western Kunhua Mountain to collect bamboo for flute. At that time, there were five phoenixes flying in the air, and he followed their rhythms. Although this is a legend, it can be seen as a mysterious legend about the origin of wind instruments. ”

"In the Neolithic Age, which is more than 6,700 to 7,000 years old, some primitive musical instruments such as pottery and bone whistles tell people that human beings at that time already had the aesthetic ability to listen to music. Ancient music culture is characterized by the combination of song, dance, and music. At that time, the songs and dances mainly reflected the ancestors' understanding of agriculture, animal husbandry, and the natural laws of heaven and earth. These primitive music and dances of song, dance, and music are also associated with the totem worship of primitive clans. ”

"The Xia and Shang dynasties were a period of slavery society. At this time, music and dance have gradually departed from the characteristics of primitive clan music and dance, and they are more occupied by slave owners. And the music of this period gradually moved away from primitive totemic worship and turned into an ode to those who conquered nature. In the Shang Dynasty, witches and witches appeared, and witches (witches) and witches (male witches) who specialized in sacrifices appeared. They are arguably the first people in history to make music a career. At that time, slave owners used music and dance to worship the emperor and ancestors, and at the same time indulged their own enjoyment with music and dance, so that the music culture had the conditions for rapid development. According to historical records, in the Xia Dynasty there were already drums made of crocodile skin. The Shang Dynasty has already found wooden boa python skin drums and copper drums with double bird gluttonous patterns, as well as well-made stone pans born from stone birch ploughs. Under the influence of the Bronze Age, chimes and cymbals also appeared in the Shang Dynasty, and the emergence of various percussion instruments reflects the characteristics of the development of percussion instruments in the history of musical instruments

"The Western and Eastern Zhou dynasties were periods of slow transition from a slave society to a feudal society. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was a complete system of ritual music. In the Zhou Dynasty, because of the collection system at that time, folk songs were collected to observe customs and observe people's feelings. Therefore, a large number of folk songs were preserved, and later after the deletion of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period, the first collection of poetry in China - "Book of Songs" was formed. During the Zhou Dynasty, folk music life involved more than a dozen aspects of social life and was very active. It is rumored that Boya played the piano, and the story of Zhongzi's bosom friend began at this time. At that time, there were already various musical instruments such as gold, stone, silk, bamboo, squeez, earth, leather, and wood. In the Zhou Dynasty, the theory of the Twelve Laws had been established. The names of the five tones (Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, and Yu) have also been established. At this time, people already know that the palace sound is the main one in the pentatonic or seven-tone scale, and the change of the position of the palace sound is called the melody palace, so that the effect of transposition can be achieved. Outstanding achievements in law can be found in the "three-point profit and loss method" recorded in the "Guanzi-Groundman Chapter". According to this method, the length of the strings of the twelve semitones (twelve rhythms) in the full octave constitutes the "three-point rhythm system", which fully embodies the melodic beauty of monophonic music, which has continued to this day. ”

"In the Qin and Han dynasties, "Yuefu" began to appear. The main form of song in the Han Dynasty was Xianghe song. It has gradually developed from the original "one person singing, three people singing" to the "Xianghe Daqu" accompanied by silk and bamboo instruments, and has the structure of "Yan--Trend-Chaos", which has an important influence on the song and dance of the Sui and Tang dynasties. The achievement of the Han Dynasty in law was that Jingfang divided the octave into sixty rhythms by dividing the octave into sixty rhythms by the method of dividing the octave into three profits. ”

"The Qing Shang Le, which was developed by Xiang Hege, was valued by the Cao Wei regime in the north, and the Qing Shang Office was set up. The war at the turn of the two Jin Dynasty caused the Qing Shangle to flow into the south and merged with the Wu Song and Western Qu in the south. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, this kind of Qing Shang music that integrated the north and the south returned to the north, thus becoming an important music species that spread in China. With the opening of the Silk Road since the Han Dynasty, the songs of the Western Regions began to be introduced to the interior, and the musical exchanges between people of various ethnic groups were already very popular at that time. At this time, the guqin, a representative instrument of traditional music culture, matured, and the prototype of opera was born during that period. Important achievements in legal science during this period include Xun Mao's discovery of the "nozzle correction number" of wind instruments in the Jin Dynasty.

In the Sui and Tang dynasties, the regime was unified. Especially in the Tang Dynasty, political stability, economic prosperity, the rulers pursued an open policy, the courage to absorb the culture of other cities, and the integration of music and culture of various ethnic groups that had been nurtured since the Wei and Jin dynasties laid the foundation, and finally germinated the peak of the comprehensive development of musical art with song and dance music as the main symbol

The development of music culture in the Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties was marked by the flourishing of folk music, which was more in-depth than that of Sui and Tang dynasties. Zhugong tune is a large-scale rap genre that matured during this period. Singing plays a heavier role. In the Yuan Dynasty, the appearance of the national musical instrument Sanxian is noteworthy. In the theory of music, there are records of Yan music scales in the Song Dynasty.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, due to the germination of capitalist economic factors in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the citizen class was growing day by day, and the development of music culture was more secular. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the four major vocal cavities were Haiyan, Yuyao, Yiyang, and Kunshan cavities, among which the Kunshan cavity formed the Kunqu opera that was the crown of opera for a while.

In the modern period, this period began with the Opium War at the end of the Qing Dynasty, after a series of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal peasant revolutions, the Wuxu Reform, the Xinhai Revolution, the "May Fourth Movement", and later the New Democratic Revolution, the development of music culture for more than 100 years has intertwined traditional music and Western music imported from Europe, but the development of music culture is based on democracy and science as the main trend. Under the influence of the May Fourth Movement, music activities to spread Western music and improve Chinese music began to rise in China, and professional music education was initially established on the basis of these music clubs......