Section 236 Splendid Art
We devoured and devoured the dazzling variety of Tibetan delicacies on the table. Suddenly, there was a whispering in the ears that was subdued and frustrated, and the beautiful light song and dance sound, it turned out that this was the traditional Tibetan toasting song began to sing and perform, and it is said that generally on these occasions of eating, there will be singing and dancing to help the fun, so everyone is not used to seeing it, we also have a sound with great interest, only to see those wine songs melodious, beautiful and beautiful, this song should only be in the sky, the world can get a few times to smell it. Although I don't understand the meaning of those Tibetan words, it sounds very moving, unforgettable, and memorable. Later, I heard Wang Gongzi explain that the content of these toasts was mostly blessings and praises.
And the busy little two is now finally free, so he will relish, tirelessly, sprinkled, and talk to us about all kinds of beautiful Tibetan dance forms, he said that one is called fruit harmony, this is an ancient form of song and dance, which means circle song and dance, which is widely spread, called Suo in the Sakya region, and called Zhuo or Guozhuo in the pastoral area of northern Tibet, Kham region, and Amdo region. The second type of dance is called heap harmony. It is a song and dance in the western part of Tibet. The heap means highland, referring to the entire area of the Brahmaputra River basin from the west of Shigatse to Ali, and this kind of heap harmony is extremely popular in the Lhasa area. The third type is called Xianzi, which is called page, Yi or Kang harmony in Tibetan, and is popular in Kang and Weizang areas. Because the man uses a horn beard or erhu to lead the dance accompaniment in front of the team during singing and dancing, it is called a string. The strings are known for their beautiful tunes, rich repertoire, and stretched dances. The fourth dance is called Nangma. This dance is mainly popular in the Lhasa region. Nangma's music is basically composed of three parts: a medium-tempo introduction, a slow-paced song, and an allegro-dance dance. The music of the song part is elegant and beautiful, accompanied by simple dance movements, and the dance part is enthusiastic and lively, the dance is light and stretched, and the performers only dance and do not sing. The melody of the introductory part is basically fixed; the dance part is similar to each other, most of them are in the Shang mode, and some pieces end in the feather and palace tunes; the tunes of the song parts are different, and some songs have close relationship transpositions; and the accompaniment form is the same as the heap harmony. There is also a type called Harmonic Chin. It is an ancient ritual song and dance form spread in Lhasa, Shannan, Shigatse, Ali and other regions of Tibet, and is mostly sung during grand festivals or ceremonies. Harmonic music is generally composed of a number of songs and dances with titles, the beginning and end of the music are called Harmonic Guo and Tashi respectively, each song and dance piece is composed of Adagio and Allegro, or composed of Adagio, Medium and Allegro, the music is simple and enthusiastic. The lyrics include human origins, historical legends, praises and blessings, etc. The last one is called Reba Harmonic, which is a song and dance performed by itinerant artists popular in the Kham region. Including drum and bell dance, juggling, song and dance drama, wooden stick dance, deer dance, knife dance, reba strings and other performance forms. The music of Reba strings is the same as that of popular folk strings, and the drum and bell dance music includes the male lead and the adagio chorus, which is enthusiastic and beautiful, and has a strong artistic charm.
Xiao Er said for a long time, said dry mouth, hard work, so we were busy handing him a full glass of barley wine, thanks to his kind explanation, he is not a bold Tibetan man, gulp a big gulp of a large cup of barley wine to drink a clean up, thank us for the kind invitation and then go to busy with something else, these Tibetan folk songs and dances are diverse, distinctive characteristics. The song and dance song has a wide range of lyrics, such as singing praises to the sun, moon and stars, mountains and rivers, praising women's appearance and clothing, missing relatives, blessings and meetings, blessings and blessings, and religious beliefs. We couldn't take our eyes off it, and we happily continued to admire. After a while, several beautiful women dressed in beautiful traditional Tibetan national costumes, with brilliant colors, inlaid with gold and silver ornaments, beautiful and moving, they sang and danced, sang charming drinking songs, danced hot dances, and lost no time in running to the side of the diners, taking turns to persuade them to drink, until the guests were drunk and poured down, and then they were willing to give up, which was really interesting.
Then the colorful singing and dancing just ended, and the colorful Tibetan opera appeared again, and the heavy powder appeared. The diners who watched the play were elated and enthusiastically presented Hada in front of those actors, expressing their gratitude and gratitude. Xiao Er said to us in a beaming manner: "The Tibetan name of Tibetan opera is Ajlam, which means fairy sisters. It is said that Tibetan opera was first performed by the Seven Sisters, and the content of the repertoire is mostly mythological stories in Buddhist scriptures, hence the name. Our Tibetan opera includes four types of Tibetan opera, including Tibetan opera (Ajlam), Amdo Tibetan opera (Nanmut), Derge Tibetan opera, and Qamdo Tibetan opera, which can be beautiful and wonderful, and the singing, music, performance, and costumes of each opera have different characteristics. Tibetan opera and Amdo Tibetan opera are widely spread and have a great influence. Tibetan opera has a long history, with its origins dating back to the 8th century during the Trisong Detsen period, when artists combined Tibetan folk dance with Buddhist scriptures to create a pantomime-style dance ritual at the inauguration of the Sang Monastery. Its founder is Don Dong Jebu. He fused biographies in Buddhist classics with folklore, myths and stories, and created a kind of performing art that combined character with dance and singing, so that the single dance of the gods in the past was gradually dramatized, and the means of expression were constantly strengthened, and separated from religious ceremonies, forming the prototype of Tibetan opera art. Therefore, the Tibetan people regard Tang Dongjiebu as the founder of Tibetan opera. Although we have a wide variety of Tibetan operas, the mainstream is the Blue Mask Tibetan opera. That is, the performance is performed with a blue mask. The performance is generally divided into three parts, the first part is the Dun, which is mainly the opening performance of the song and dance to worship the gods, the second part is the xiong, which mainly performs the legend of the main opera, and the third part is called "Tashi", which means blessing and welcome. There is only one set of costumes for Tibetan opera from beginning to end, and the actors do not wear makeup, but mainly wear masks to perform. In the process of circulation, due to different regions, the blue mask opera has formed four major genres: Juemulong Tibetan opera, Zheba Tibetan opera, Xiangba Tibetan opera, and Jianggar Tibetan opera. Moreover, the script of Tibetan opera is also a peak of Tibetan literature, which not only emphasizes the rhythm but also emphasizes the artistic conception, makes extensive use of aphorisms, proverbs and idioms, and even intersperses fables in the plot, retaining the essence of our ancient Tibetan literary language. “
Indeed, the Tibetan opera performances are very wonderful and beautiful, those performers sing and dance, jumping, exaggerated, very exaggerated, rich in imagination, very fun. Everyone was amazed and applauded by the actor's handsome appearance, graceful dancing, and beautiful and fresh singing. The singing and movements are rich and colorful, and the postures are myriad. Different characters sing with different singing tones, different emotions have different dance movements to express, Tibetan opera is mainly singing, singing, chanting, dancing, expression, confession and skills and other basic programs combined with life-like performances. The singing voice is high-pitched and majestic, basically the song is set by the person, and each sentence is helped by a human voice. Moreover, in Tibetan opera, the masks worn by characters with the same identity are basically the same color and shape, which can be seen at a glance and are easy to distinguish. The mask of the good man is white, white represents purity, the mask of the king is red, red represents majesty, the mask of the princess is green, green represents suppleness, the mask of the living Buddha is yellow, yellow represents auspiciousness, the mask of the witch is half black and half white, symbolizing the character of two sides and three swords, the mask of the demon has a blue face and fangs, to show depression and terror, and the mask of the old villagers is sewn with white cloth or yellow cloth, and a hole is dug in the eyes and lips to show simplicity and generosity. These masks use symbolism and exaggeration to make the characters in the drama stand out and have distinct personalities, which is a rare feature of Tibetan opera.
Moreover, there are many kinds of traditional Tibetan folk musical instruments performed in it, which are dazzling and dizzying, and we also understand a lot of music knowledge, which opens our eyes and gains a lot, and is breathtaking. Among them, plucked musical instruments include Zamunie and dulcimer; bowed string instruments include horn hu, sticky qin, genka, huqin, remaqin, etc.; wind instruments include recorder, bone flute, tuba, trumpet, suona, brass flute, conch, mouth string, bamboo flute, mud flute, etc.; percussion instruments include big drum, reba drum, dharma drum, balang drum, gong, cymbal, string bell, etc. Among them, Zamunie, horn beard, tuba, and recorder are the most distinctive. Zamnie, or six-stringed harp, is said to have a history of hundreds of years of ancient and vicissitudes, and is the main accompaniment instrument for folk songs and dances, and for Nangma and Zamnie. The horn beard, known in Tibetan as "biwang" or "biyong", is similar to the erhu in shape, but the barrel is made of horns, which is mainly accompanied by strings and folding. Due to the short bow, all the long notes in the melody are played as the same repetition of eighth notes, and the upper second or minor third leaning or double leaning notes are added to the weak beat, forming the main feature of string music. Recorder flutes and bone flutes are spread in pastoral areas. The recorder is made of wood, and the bone flute is made of eagle's leg bone or lamb's leg bone, with a high register, low volume, and a sharp sound, and is often used to play pastoral tunes. Tuba, known as Tongqin in Tibetan, made of copper, the pipe body is non-porous, about 3 meters long, there is a large bell mouth at the lower end, it can blow out the fundamental tone and the fifth overtone, the volume is grand, and it is mostly used in monastic ritual activities and Tibetan opera music.
While listening to the wisps of beautiful Tibetan traditional songs, while watching the colorful and colorful theatrical performances, all of a sudden, it is really intoxicating, intoxicated, and the people who eat on the scene are the same, enjoy it, everyone is happy, leisurely, indisputable, sweet and happy expression, and we also unconsciously eat more relish, gobble.