I wondered, what the hell is going on? By the way, it must be the modern words I said such as real estate, century, square meters, etc., which make them inexplicable, incomprehensible, all blame me for being busy, and coldly popping up some strange modern words, pity the things that cost me a lot of brain cells to come up with, and actually reacted so coldly, when I was thinking about it, the hall was silent for a moment, and suddenly the applause sounded like thunder, and the princes and ministers cast me extremely favored eyes, and the queen mother was also impressed by me, everyone praised me, and Lord Qian bore the brunt of the said:" Oh my God, this little girl who is not good-looking said it too well, but it's a pity that the old minister has lived for half his life, and he finally met the teacher today. Pen ~ fun ~ Pavilion www.biquge.info the Queen Mother is really like a torch, discerning eyes, even a little girl next to the Queen Mother actually has such a high political consciousness, such a can speak, Bo Gu Tong Jin, the Great Song Dynasty is worry-free. ”

A big stone in my heart finally fell to the ground with a clang, and I continued to gush: "The second problem I want to talk about is the currency of our Great Song Dynasty, although our Great Song Dynasty is a highly centralized country, but the national currency is not unified, there are several currency areas, each of which is cherished and not used by each other. There are 13 roads (Song Dynasty administrative units) for copper coins, 4 roads for special iron coins, Shaanxi and Hedong for both copper and iron coins, and currency outflow is strictly prohibited in various currency areas - "When I think of these familiar administrative units of the Song Dynasty, I can't help but think of the names of the buses in our modern society. couldn't help but laugh dumbly, and suddenly remembered that it was above the court, and Fang became serious again: "The use of paper money can prevent the outflow of copper and iron money, and what the villain wants to say is that he hopes that the imperial court will officially issue paper money throughout the country in the future, and circulate it as official legal tender, and it is very urgent and imminent-" The ministers looked at each other, and they had never seen or heard of what paper money was, and they couldn't understand it.

Master Lu said incredulously: "This little girl, you are not only quite brainy, but also very rich in imagination, can you tell everyone what this thing called paper money is that you have a wild imagination and think about it at random? How did you come up with it?"

I said in a beaming voice: "In fact, this is not something that the villain personally came up with, this is because the villain was born in Yizhou, Sichuan, and our 'Jiaozipu' there is the earliest monetary and financial institution in history, and in the Sichuan provincial capital CD already has a private relationship, paper money is not something I came up with, and it is not accidental that it appeared in our Great Song Dynasty, it is an inevitable product of social, political and economic development." With the rapid development of the commodity economy in the Great Song Dynasty, more currency was needed in commodity circulation, and the shortage of copper coins could not meet the demand in circulation. The emergence of "Jiaozi" in Sichuan has facilitated commercial exchanges, made up for the lack of cash, and is easier to carry than metal currency, which can be used in a larger range, which is conducive to the circulation of commodities and promotes the development of commodity economy.

So paper money is something that comes out of actual need. Why did it first arise in our Sichuan? Because we mainly use iron money there, which is of low value and heavy weight, and it is extremely inconvenient to use. A copper coin is worth ten iron coins, the large one is twenty-five catties per thousand coins, and the medium one is thirteen catties, and the inconvenience of iron coins is not only reflected in the heavy volume and weight of each coin, but also in its purchasing power per coin. For example, it costs 20,000 yuan to buy a horse, which weighs 130 pounds, and it costs more than 500 gold to buy three or four horses, which is as heavy as Mount Tai. So once you catch the market, it will be all kinds and colorful, which will make the ministers dizzy and dazzled. There are those who carry money on their backs, there are those who carry baskets in both hands to take money, and even there are ox carts full of money, swaggering through the market, which is not only inconvenient but also unsafe. So there is an objective need for a light currency.

We already have Jiaozi shops that are freely issued by merchants and run cash custody businesses for merchants who carry large sums of money. CD16 government and business companies jointly printed vouchers on bark paper, with patterns, passwords, marks, stamps and other imprints, and the denomination was temporarily filled in according to the cash paid by the recipient and circulated as payment vouchers. The depositor delivers the cash to the shopkeeper, and the shopkeeper temporarily fills in the amount of cash deposited by the depositor on a roll made of paper, and then returns it to the depositor, and a handling fee of 30 wen is charged for every 1,000 wen when the depositor withdraws cash. With the development of the commodity economy, many businessmen jointly set up a Jiaozi shop specializing in the issuance and exchange of "Jiaozi", and set up Jiaozi branches in various places. Because Jiaozi shop owners accept credit, take it at any time, the printed Jiaozi pattern is exquisite, hidden as a mark, black and red error, handwritten words, others are difficult to forge, so Jiaozi has won a high reputation. The large transactions between merchants avoid the trouble of minting and transporting, and the "jiaozi" that can be turned into cash can be used to pay for the goods at any time. In the process of repeated circulation, "Jiaozi" gradually acquired the character of credit currency. Later, the Jiaozi shop owner found that only part of the deposit was used, which would not endanger the reputation. So they began to print jiaozi with a uniform denomination and format and distributed them to the market as a new means of circulation. This kind of Jiaozi is already a symbol of coinage, and it has really become a paper money. However, Sichuan's Jiaozi has not yet been recognized by the government, and it is still privately issued. ”

Master Qian was puzzled and said: "Then why do you want to rise to the height of national distribution, if you don't already have it locally, just let them distribute it locally, why bother?"

I patiently spoke: "At this time, Jiaozi is only a deposit and withdrawal credential, not a currency, and there are security risks. In real life, not all Jiaozi shops are law-abiding and trustworthy, and there are some profit-seeking and insatiable shopkeepers who maliciously deceive and close their doors and stop business after indiscriminately issuing Jiaozi; In this way, when depositors withdraw money but are unable to do so, it often provokes incidents and leads to lawsuits. As a result, during the Jingde period, Zhang Yong, the governor of Yizhou, rectified the Jiaozi shopkeepers, eliminated the lawbreakers, and operated them exclusively by 16 wealthy merchants. Therefore, the villain is very eager to hope that the country will officially issue currency, which can first be set up by the imperial court in Yizhou Jiaozi Affairs, and one or two officials of the Beijing Dynasty will serve as supervisors to preside over the issuance of Jiaozi, and place the paper making institute to reform the disadvantages of forgery, strictly control the printing process, and must do relevant anti-counterfeiting certification. At the beginning, there is no need to issue too much, and the gradual reform can be based on Sichuan's iron money, and the villain thinks that the first Jiaozi can issue 1256340, with a reserve capital of 360,000 yuan, and the reserve is equivalent to 28% of the issuance. In addition, only after the alliance of the Yuanyuan, our Great Song Dynasty was constantly harassed by the barbarian states such as Liao, Xia, and Jin, and the military expenditure and indemnity were very large, and the imperial court also needed to issue paper money to make up for the fiscal deficit. ”

I suddenly remembered the introduction of the Great Song Dynasty banknotes in history - Guanjiaozi, a currency issued in the first year of the Tiansheng of Yurenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty (1023), was once circulated as official legal tender, called "Guanjiaozi", and circulated in Sichuan for nearly 80 years. Jiaozi is an important invention of the ancient Chinese working people, is the earliest banknote officially issued by the government in China, and is also considered to be the earliest paper money used in the world, six or seven hundred years earlier than the paper money issued by Western countries such as the United States (1692) and France (1716). Jiaozi is the world's earliest paper money, which first appeared in Sichuan, and the CD issued in the early Northern Song Dynasty (1023) was originally issued by wealthy private merchants in Shu. "History of the Song Dynasty and Food and Goods" recorded: "Sixteen heads of households who enrich the people. "As Jiaozi became more and more widely used, Jiaozi had a unified denomination and format, which was gradually accepted by everyone and used as a payment tool, thus having the characteristics of credit money, evolving into a symbol of coinage, and becoming a real paper money.

It seems that I don't need to be complacent and self-righteous, my initiative to find that paper money is only an inevitable in the accident of history, not my appearance, and there will still be people who will advocate it, it is the inevitable need of the historical development process.

Zhang Ruogu, the transfer envoy, continued: "Queen Mother, what this little girl said is true, we have also heard it, but we just feel that the time is not yet ripe, I wanted to go to Yizhou in person, and then play the court after the investigation is clear, but I didn't expect that the little girl is a native of Yizhou, naturally very clear, well understood, or the little girl took the lead." We can indeed set up Yizhou Jiaozi Affairs first, as a pilot, issue official Jiaozi, and let the issuance power of Jiaozi be transferred to the hands of the imperial court. However, we must recognize the weakness of Jiaozi's easy imitation and indiscriminate issuance, and the ministers think that this is something that has never been done in the previous dynasty, and there is no precedent to follow, just like a blind man crossing the river, and a blind man touching an elephant, so the imperial court should be particularly cautious about the issuance of paper money, and must improve the introduction of laws and policies on the supervision of paper money, and our imperial court should be careful to ensure the success of Jiaozi's issuance, and introduce a set of relatively perfect management regulations and policies. “

Xue Tian continued: "Lao Chen thinks that the circulation period of the first Jiaozi is generally two to three years as a boundary, which is called the exchange boundary, and after the expiration of the period, it must be exchanged for the next Jiaozi before it can be used. The establishment of the exchange boundary is because Jiaozi is made of paper, which is prone to damage and forgeries. Second, the total amount of circulation in each sector is limited to 1,256,340 yuan, and its denominations are usually consistent, five, ten, and so on; third, a certain reserve must be prepared for each border of jiaozi printed and distributed to ensure that the banknotes can be freely converted; fourth, it is forbidden to print jiaozi privately, and not only those who print jiaozi without permission will be punished, but even those who know about it and those who do not tell it will be implicated and imprisoned; fifth, the circulation area will be limited, and the jiaozi will be limited to the Sichuan region at first, and later it can be expanded to Shaanxi, Jingxi, and other places. We must pay attention to the fact that the imperial court must effectively control the issuance of paper money, because once there is a huge financial expenditure needs, the imperial court often cannot restrain its own behavior, use the power in its hands, abuse public credibility, and issue paper money without restrictions, which eventually causes inflation, so that the paper money loses its credit, and it becomes waste paper, and the gains outweigh the losses. Therefore, the supervision of the imperial court has played a vital role in the stability of the financial currency system, so the issuance and stability of paper money is imperative and imminent, which can promote the development of the commodity economy, create wealth for the imperial court, and play a significant role in solving the temporary needs of the imperial court. “

I thought to myself: "These ancient people are really good, worthy of being statesmen, not only dare to think and do, but also thoughtful, they are really people of insight." And the fate of Jiaozi in the Northern Song Dynasty also proves this. Later, the Great Song Dynasty was gathered every day, and the government no longer adhered to the fixed issuance amount of each realm, but overissued a large amount. "History of the Song Dynasty, Food and Goods" contains, Zhezong Shaosheng (1094~1097) in the period of the Jierate gift, to Shaanxi along the border to buy and recruit soldiers, less hundreds of thousands, more or to millions, and CD is not useful, please print, so there is no fixed number of books per year. In order to meet the needs of Shaanxi's military situation, the number of multiple crossings will exceed several times the total number of the first realm, and even lead to the lack of crossings in the CD area, and it will have to be increased. The result will inevitably lead to inflation and the loss of credit for paper money. The demarcation of paper money has slowly become a barrier to inflation, because each new banknote is issued, often stipulating that the new currency is worth one to several old banknotes, such as the Yuan Fu period (1098 ~ 1100 years) when the issuance, the new Jiaozi one to exchange back the old Jiaozi five, that is, the old and new price ratio 1:5. The government's abuse of credit has led to Jiaozi becoming a tool for its wealth, and without credit, Jiaozi has lost its function of circulation, thus losing the value of its own existence. The feudal government then used the method of changing the name of the banknote to plunder the wealth of the people. In the fourth year of Huizong Chongning (1105), Zhulu used money to lead, and named the banknote Qian Yin, although the name changed, but its essence was a tool for collecting money, and even intensified. In the first year of Daguan (1107), Jiaozi Wu was changed to Qian Yinwu, and the number of issuances in this year was "more than 20 times that of the Heavenly Sage First Realm, and the price became more and more lost." In other words, the circulation has increased from 1.2 million to more than 20 million. Moreover, there is no reserve, and there is no art to increase without saving capital, so that it can be counted as money. It can be seen that the value of a thousand dollars can only be used as more than ten dollars, how serious the depreciation of paper money is, it seems that success is also Xiao He, defeat is also Xiao He, I have become Xiao He second. “