Section 121: Mogao Grottoes (1)

We ate and drank enough, and walked forward satisfied, looking for Garfield's traces, talking and laughing along the way, I couldn't help but ask Xiao Fei: "By the way, if you want to go, where do you want to go, is it France, Egypt or-" Xiao Fei then said with a fluttering eyebrow: " I know that you still want to go to the Eiffel Tower in France to blow the wind, to the Trevi Fountain in Rome to make a wish, to the Bridge of Sighs in Venice to listen to a sigh, to the Aegean Sea to feel love, but I am particularly interested in the mysterious Bermuda Triangle, the vanishing Kingdom of Atlantis, Mars, the Moon, the Milky Way, space, and want to take a spaceship to go up to find out, so there is a difference between men and women, men are from Mars, and women are from Venus。 Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info”

Fortunately, we didn't go for a long time, and saw a few of them walking in the desert Gobi one after the other, so we quickly stopped them and walked in the direction of Dunhuang together. We talked and laughed along the way, and finally arrived, only to see the temple and palace, standing majestically, but the Dunhuang we saw in front of us is not the same as the modern society, more comprehensive, more magnificent, more complete, more splendid, majestic, the palace is numerous, just like the Louvre in modern society, it is unforgettable, eye-opening, breathtaking.

The flying sky on the ancient somewhat mottled wall is really mysterious, beautiful, lifelike modeling is really amazing, the eyebrows are clear, the body is pretty, dancing, soaring in the sky, and it is also painted, colorful, colorful, all kinds of bright and dazzling faces are really the best works, the shape is peculiar, different, too beautiful and beautiful, Ambilight, colorful, bizarre, colorful, breathtaking. It is really like the Song Dynasty's "Taiping Yulan" volume 622 quotes the "Heavenly Immortal Products" Zhongyun: "In the flying clouds, the deification is lightly moved, thinking that it is a heavenly immortal, and it is also a cloud flying immortal." "This world-famous Dunhuang Feitian is not an artistic image of a culture, but a composite of multiple cultures. It represents the culture of the Western Regions, the culture of India, and the culture of the Central Plains. It is a long-term exchange between Indian Buddhist celestial people and Chinese Taoist Yuren, Feitian in the Western Regions and Feitian in the Central Plains, which is integrated into one and is very Chinese culture. It shows the endless magnificent and colorful imagination of the ancient people, those who do not have wings, do not have feathers, do not have round light, and fly to the sky with the help of colorful clouds instead of relying on colored clouds, but can leap into the sky and soar in the sky with fluttering dresses and flying ribbons. Therefore, our Dunhuang Flying Heaven is the most talented and outstanding creation of Chinese artists and a great miracle in the history of world art.

The flying sky in the Dunhuang murals did not appear at the same time, but began from the Sixteen Kingdoms, went through ten dynasties, lasted more than 1,000 years, until the end of the Yuan Dynasty, with the construction of the Dunhuang Grottoes and disappeared. In the long history of more than 1,000 years, due to the change of dynasties, the transfer of political power, the development and prosperity of the economy, the frequent exchanges between Chinese and Western cultures and other changes in historical conditions, the artistic image, posture and artistic conception, style and taste of Feitian are constantly changing. Over the past 1,000 years, Dunhuang Feitian has formed a unique history of evolution and development. Its evolution history is roughly the same as the entire history of Dunhuang art development, so we see not only the flying murals, but also the history of vicissitudes of change.

And then look closely, these flying sky, the shape is extremely beautiful, the portrayal of the characters is also exquisite, lifelike, the plump arms seem to be smeared with sesame oil as smooth and greasy, rich in texture, gently raised Qianqian's thin fingers are like delicate green and white green onions, the flying eyes are bright, looking forward to the brilliance, the autumn water is affectionate, the willow leaves, crescent-like eyes seem to contain the murmuring of flowing water, the unspeakable otherworldly charm, the dark and bottomless eyes are full of countless love, full of concern for the world。 The flying posture is elegant and dignified, mysterious and cordial, there is stillness in movement, there is movement in stillness, full of harmony and unity that embodies the aesthetics and kinematics of the human body, complementing each other, complementing each other, just a few white strokes will be brilliant to outline the image of a vivid and vivid figure, the brush is strong and powerful, in one go, the expressions are different, different, I have to admire the ingenuity of the painters at that time, the level is superb. And the five-colored ribbons flying all over the sky are light and elegant, adding a lot of smart breath to these flying immortals, like a pair of dexterous wings, shortening the distance between heaven and earth, and the waist is soft and slender.

He has a round face, a straight nose and big eyes, a big mouth and big ears, wears a crown of five jewels, a stubby figure, a semi-naked upper body, a long skirt wrapped around his waist, a big scarf on his shoulders, a white nose bridge, white eyes, bold and bold coloring, and a rough and simple flying hand holding a holy lotus, dancing. Some flying immortals hold the pipa, good at singing and dancing, floating lightly between heaven and earth, her face is slender, her eyebrows are clear, her nose is plump and her mouth is small, and her facial features are symmetrical and harmonious. The head is round, or wears a crown of five jewels, or a round bun. The proportions of the body are gradually slender, the legs are equivalent to twice the waist, the surroundings are extremely beautiful, and the lotus flowers that are out of the world are also in full bloom, as if sending out a knowing smile, full of the brilliance of Buddha nature, and the flying fairy looks peaceful and silently sits in the five-colored auspicious clouds, looking down on all living beings. Some flying immortals hold flutes in their hands, sigh and sound, their expressions are focused, their posture is moving, their faces are thin and their necks are long, their foreheads are wide and narrow, their noses are straight, their eyebrows are thin and sparse, the corners of their mouths are upturned, they are smiling, their heads are bunned, their upper bodies are bare, their shoulders are draped with ribbons, their bodies are slender, they are flying against the wind, they are concentrating, they are playing waist drums, clappers, flutes, horizontal flutes, reed sheng, pipa, ruan strings, gonghou and other classical musical instruments, the clouds are drifting, flying in the wind, the body is as light as a swallow, free and joyful, roaming space. Some of them are flying in the sky, the shape is rich, or playing the pipa, or playing the gonghou, or playing the horizontal flute, or beating the waist drum, the image is vivid, and the posture is beautiful. In particular, one of them plays the flute upside down, holding the recorder in both hands, kicking the purple gold crown with both feet, the long belt flies from under the body, the ceiling falls all around, its flight posture, like a light swallow swooping down, is very unique, eye-opening, breathtaking, and the flying posture of these flying immortals is also diverse, some travel across space, some raise their arms to take off, some fly under the hands, the bearing is heroic and generous, the momentum is like flying clouds and flying cranes. Flying in the sky, fragrant flowers fall, skirts fluttering, scarves and ribbons flying, flying in the air, the surrounding ceilings fly down, quite the poetic and picturesque nature of the sky falling full of void.

When Hu Jiaojiao saw these beautiful works of art for the first time, she was amazed, full of praise, amazed, and couldn't help but say: "What are these strange people?"

Wang Gongzi said with a beam: "In Buddhism, the gods who fly in the air are called flying heavens. Feitian is mostly painted in Buddhist cave murals, and in Taoism, the mythical characters who ascend to heaven are called immortals, such as heavenly immortals, barefoot immortals, etc., and the gods who can fly in the air are called flying immortals. Flying immortals are painted in the murals of the tomb, symbolizing the soul of the owner of the tomb to ascend to heaven. After Buddhism was introduced to China, it was exchanged and integrated with Taoism in China. In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, when Buddhism was first spread, the flying sky in the mural was also called the flying immortal, which was not divided between the flying sky and the flying immortal. With the in-depth development of Buddhism in China, although the flying gods of Buddhism and the flying immortals of Taoism are integrated with each other in terms of artistic images, in terms of names, only the flying gods in the Buddhist cave paintings are called flying heavens. Dunhuang Feitian is the flying god painted in the Dunhuang grottoes, and later became a special term for Dunhuang mural art. Dunhuang Feitian is not a god in terms of origin and function. It is a composite of Gandharva and Kinara. Gandharva is a transliteration of the Indian Sanskrit language, which translates to the god of heavenly songs. Because of the fragrance that exudes from his body, he is also called the god of incense, and Kinnara is a transliteration of ancient Sanskrit in India, which is translated as the god of heavenly music. Gandharva and Kinnara were originally the gods of entertainment and song and dance in ancient Indian mythology and Brahmanism. Myths and legends say that they are a good song, a good dance, inseparable, harmonious and harmonious, and a loving husband and wife. Later, he was absorbed by Buddhism and turned into two of the eight gods of the Heavenly Dragon. Hui Lin of the Tang Dynasty (explained-Zhendra, the ancient Jinnara, the music, there is a subtle sound, can be subtle sound, can be a song and dance. Men are horseheads and can sing, while women are upright and can dance. This time the goddess is mostly married to the Qianmin woman. "After Qianmin Po and Kinnara were listed in the eight gods of the heavenly dragon by Buddhism, with the development of Buddhist theory and artistic aesthetics and artistic creation, they gradually evolved from the hideous face of the original Matou Renfeng to the heavenly and human flying immortals. There was a distinction between the functions of Gandharva and Kinnara in the eight gods of Buddhism. The task of the god of music is to spread the fragrance in the Pure Land world of Buddhism, to offer flowers, treasures, and praises to the Buddha, to live in the flowers, and to fly in the heavenly palace, and the task ----of the god of music is to play music and dance for the Buddha, the Bodhisattva, the gods, and the celestial beings in the Pure Land world of the Buddha country, and to live in the heavenly palace, and not to fly in the sky.--- There is no distinction between men and women, and they are combined into one and become the Dunhuang Flying Sky of later generations. In the Western Wei Dynasty of Mogao Grottoes, there was already a flying sky with music and dance. After the Sui Dynasty, Qianmin Po and Jinnara were mixed together, and it was impossible to distinguish between them. It's just that when the music and dance circles wrote articles, in order to distinguish them from the musicians, the Qiandipo who played music in the early Tiangong was named Tiangong Leki, and the Feitian, who later merged into one and sang and danced music, was named Feitian Lingle. ”

It seems that this prince is really not to be underestimated, he is knowledgeable, well-versed in ancient and modern, Chinese and Western, is really a rare talent, he actually knows such unfathomable, Baidu Encyclopedia can only find the profound knowledge, Hu Jiaojiao cast a look of worship to him.