"Jelf. Just as Night Wuji and Jelf were confronting, Gerald, Urrutia, and Melti came from a distance, and Melti immediately shouted in shock when she saw Jelf.

"Jelf?" Gerald looked at the black-haired boy in surprise, he had long admired Jelf's name, and everything he had done in the Tower of Paradise was to resurrect Jelf.

"Here's what's going on. Urrutia asked, Nightmawgli.

"You guys go there and help first. Ye Wuji quickly explained the situation, and then asked the three of them to go south to help Demon Tail, and the Hades beast that was killed by the Star Spirit King landed in the hilly area to the south.

"What about here. Urrutia looked at Ye Wuji worriedly, after all, this was Gerf.

"I'll leave it to me, don't worry, I'll be fine. Ye Wuji said with a glance at Urrutia, signaling the three of them to get out of here, once Gerf made a move, he was not sure to protect them.

"Let's go. After seeing Ye Wuji's eyes, Urrutia immediately rushed south with the three of them.

At this moment, Jelf suddenly appeared behind Gerald's life, and a black magic ball appeared on his right hand, striking towards Gerald's back.

Bang.

At the same time, Ye Wuji appeared in front of Jelf, and the black seeker jade turned into a glove and put it on his right hand, blocking Jelf's magic orb.

Although he blocked Gerf's blow overnight, in the face of Gerf's powerful power, he didn't involuntarily take a few steps back.

"Let's go. Ye Wuji shouted at the stunned three Gerald.

"You don't need to make a move on him, the Fez Living Link Magic on his body has been transferred by me. As soon as Ye Wuji's words came out, it really made Gerf, who wanted to make a move, stop.

Night Wuji understands very well why Jerif made a move on Gerald, because Gerald has Feth's living link magic on his body, and Gerald is still the last, once Gerald dies, the three living link magic will completely disappear, and Fez will activate it at that time.

After getting Crawford's ancient documents, Ye Wuji used the ancient documents to find three councillors with living link magic, but unfortunately two of them were dead at that time, and only the last one was still alive, to Ye Wuji's surprise, this last person turned out to be Gerald.

Thankfully, it was Gerald, and if it was the other councillors, Fez's had now been activated.

After knowing that it was Gerald, Ye Wuji immediately used the authority of the ancient document to transfer the living link magic from Gerald's body.

Of course, Ye Wuji will not be as stupid as Crawford in the original book, transferring the living link to himself, saying that Crawford in the original book is really stupid, he actually transferred the last living link magic from Gerald's body to his own body, but before he finished speaking, he was killed by the people of the Nine Ghost Gate, and he was extremely idiotic.

"Lucy did a good job, thanks to you this time. "Lucy, who summoned the Star Spirit King to save all the people of the Demon Tail, and used the Star Spirit Super Magic Star Atlas History to kill the jackal who had just been resurrected from the core of hell, can be said to be the biggest hero of this battle against Hades.

Lucy, who killed the jackal, met Travsar of the Nine Ghost Gate, and just when Travsa wanted to kill Lucy, Natsu, Gajiru and others arrived.

At the same time, the rest of the Nine Ghost Sect also arrived one after another, and the strong battle between the demon tail and the underworld finally began.

When Natsu and the others started the battle against the Nine Ghost Gate, the rest of the Demon Tail fought with the soldiers of the Gate of Hades, and the soldiers of the Gate of the Hades who had been strengthened by the strengthening spell of Xingli Tianmad Hua each had a strong combat power, even if the Demon Tail's magicians were stronger than these people, they would not be able to tell the winner for a while.

"What's going on?" When the demon tail was fighting against the underworld, the three figures were also approaching the place of the battle, and the double dragon of the sword biting tiger, as well as the eldest lady Mineba, also came here at this time.

"It's the people of the Gate of Hades, it seems that they are fighting with the demon tail, no, the snow is in danger. When Stinger saw both sides of the battle, he immediately rushed out.

The reason why the Sword Biting Tiger appeared here was because Stinger missed Yukino, but he was a little embarrassed to be alone, so he called Rogge and Mineba together.

"Star Spirit King, don't you know that the shame you inflicted on me will ultimately be borne by humans. "The Pluto King Maldogir, who was petrified by the Star Spirit King, was quickly released from the petrified state, and the newly released Mardogir was ready to kill some demon tails to vent his anger.

However, as soon as Maldogir had taken a few steps, he was forced to stop, because three men appeared in front of him, Gerald, Urrutia, and Melti.

The three people who had just come here from Ye Wuji met the Hades King Maldogir for the first time.

"Melti, you want to help the others, it's up to us. As the leader of the Seven Dependents of the Purgatory, the heart of the former demons, Urrutia still knows a little about the Gate of Hades, but he didn't know that the people in the Gate of Hades were all Gelf's demons.

"Okay, Uru, be careful. Merti knew that her strength was similar to that of Urrutia and Gerald, and after hearing Urrutia's words, she immediately left.

"Come on, I happen to be a little depressed right now. Maldo held the Book of END in his right hand and hooked his hand at Gerald and Urrutia with his left.

Alfisol - Compared with the extremely fertile soil, the leaching soil belongs to the high salt base forest soil. The hallmark of the soil-forming process is the displacement of the clay particles in the layered crystalline lattice, the salt base is not excessively lacking, and the common sequence combination is a pale or black coat covering a cohesive layer. The climate and environment are mostly warm, and there are often more than 3 months of effective water supply for neutral plants in the plant growing season. The organic matter in the typical leached soil penetrates shallowly, and there is significant clay accumulation, and the clay accumulation layer can be thick or thin, and the saturation of the whole salt base is medium to high, and the whole profile does not change much.

Andisols - Andisols are soils with more than 60% of the soil profile with Andic soil properties, usually formed after volcanic eruptions. The main characteristics of ash soil are: (1) the volume specific gravity is very low, generally less than 900 kg/cubic meter. (2) There are many amorphous substances, and oxalic acid can extract more iron and aluminum content (generally greater than 2%). (3) It has strong adsorption force for phosphoric acid. As a result, ash soils are usually very light, highly acidic, and have low phosphate fertilization. It is mainly distributed in most areas of Yangmingshan National Park, and most of the soil surface of 30~50cm is black material, and the middle is a material weathered by andesite, most of which are yellow-brown, and the bottom layer is andesite.

Aridisol - The unique property of arid soil is that there is a lack of effective water for the growth of neutral plants for a long time of the year, and there can be one or more soil chemical breeding layers, and the topsoil layer is not polluted by humus, so that the color is significantly deepened, and the lack of deep and wide gaps. When the soil temperature is warm enough for plants to grow most of the time, the lack of available water can be used for up to 90 days when the soil temperature is above 8°C. Dry soil is the main soil in arid areas, with only a small amount of organic carbon accumulation on the surface, and a large amount of carbonates and clay particles are often accumulated.

Entisol - Mainly in the absence of any group of markers left over from the important process of soil formation, it can be a distinguishing feature, or it can be no ancillary characteristic. Therefore, the unique property of new soils is that they are mineral soil substances and lack obvious soil chemical cultivation layers, which can occur in any climate. The reasons for the lack of a geomorphic layer may be stubborn parent material, hard and slow dissolution of rock, lack of sufficient time for the formation of geomorphic layers and erosion rates on slopes that exceed the formation of soil geomorphic layers. Generally speaking, there is a lack of displacement of clay in the new soil, and a small amount of organic matter accumulates.

Gelisols - The unique property of frozen soil is that it is formed in the permafrost zone, which is defined as 100 cm below the surface of the soil as a permafrost state, or 100 cm below the surface layer contains Gelic materials and less than 200 cm is in a permafrost state.

Organic Soil (Histosol) - The unique property of organic soil is that it contains very high organic matter in the upper 80cm, the thickness of organic matter is generally within 80cm, and more than half of the soil layer contains at least 20~30%, or the layer rich in organic matter rests on the rock or the coarse fragments of the rock. These soils are made up of plant debris that has accumulated in water and has been decomposed to some extent, but some are produced by forest deciduous branches or moss plants in excessively humid conditions and free drainage.

Inceptisol - The unique property of weak soil is that during the warm season for more than half a year or more than 3 consecutive months, the soil contains water that can be effective for plant growth, and there is one or more layers of soil chemical cultivation that have been altered or slightly displaced (except for carbonates or amorphous silicic acids). The texture is finer than that of loamy fine sand, containing several weatherable minerals, and the clay composition has medium to high energy cation retention. Weak soils can be generated in almost any environment except in drier environments, and the soil layers are often shallow, and most of them are located on the surface of fairly young soils.

Mollisol - The unique property of black loam soil is that it has a dark brown to black coat (Mollic epipedon), which constitutes 1/ 3 or above, or its thickness is greater than 25cm, with obvious structure, or when dry is a soft structure, in the A1 and B chemogenesis layers, its extractable cations are dominated by calcium, and the dominant crystalline clay minerals have medium or high cation exchange capacity, if the soil has deep and wide gaps within 50cm, then within this depth, the clay content in several chemogenesis layers is<30%。 The soil is the most fertile on Earth.

Oxidized Earth (Oxisol) - The unique properties of oxidized earth are that most minerals are extremely weathered to become kaolin and free oxides, except for quartz, and the clay part has only very low activity, which is loamy or clayey texture. Oxide soil is a characteristic soil that occurs in tropical or subtropical areas and has a long-term stability on the surface, and must be formed in a humid climate. Typical oxide soils have high organic carbon content, low cation exchange energy and reduced clay content with depth.

Spodosol - a symbol of the displacement of humus and aluminum, or humic aluminium and iron as amorphous substances, at least in the upper sequence. The unique property of leaching soil is a B-breeding layer with high cation exchange energy of black or reddish amorphous material accumulation, which is the so-called Spodic horizon. In most undisturbed soils, a gray-white layer is covered by a white layer of B. The ancillary characteristics of leached soil are moist or warm and humid, loamy or sandy texture, high pH dependent exchange energy and little salt base content.

Ultisol - Compared with the leaching soil, the soil is a low-salt forest soil, which has a unique property of a cohesive layer and a low amount of salt-based storage, especially in the lower chemical layer, and the annual average soil temperature is higher than 8 °C. In general, the clay content of extremely fertile soil increases with the increase of depth, and then decreases. Most of the cation exchange capacities are medium to low, and the percentage of salt saturation that decreases with depth is reflected in the salt base cycle of plants or the application of fertilizers. The distribution area of the extremely fertile soil is warm and has a water supply, so fertilization can become a high-yield area.

Bentonite (Vertisol) - This type of soil is a type of soil that has a regular soil mixing or agitation and has a soil-forming process that prevents it from diagnosing or identifying the development of layers. For example, when the soil is dry, the overall density is very high, when it is wet, the water conductivity is very low, and when the soil is moist and then dry, the soil surface is quite undulating and because there are gaps, the soil can be dried very quickly. The unique properties of bentonite are high clay content, with the change of moisture content, the volume changes significantly, there are deep and wide gaps in some seasons, there are cross-section scratches, several rolling terrain, and the wedge-shaped structure of the grain mass and horizontal level are inclined at a certain angle.

Elemental content

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to study different types of farmland soils in six different regions, and the results showed that the infrared spectrum was mainly composed of inorganic salts such as carbonate, nitrate, phosphate, manganate, clay minerals and organic matter vibration absorption bands. The content of manganese and zinc basically increased with the deepening of the color of the soil sample, and the darker the color of the soil sample, the richer the content of available trace elements. This paper analyzes the overall status of the available elements in soil samples in different regions, classifies the content of available elements, and formulates corresponding remedial measures for the lack of available elements in soil samples in each region. The results show that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is used in the study of soil, which is rapid, convenient, non-destructive, accurate, high sensitivity, good precision, and wide linear range, and can meet the needs of quantitative analysis of a variety of available elements in large quantities of soil samples. [2]

Formative factors

The formation of climatic soils is greatly dependent on the climate and the different climatic zones of the soils show distinctive characteristics. Temperature and humidity affect weathering and leaching. Wind moves sand and other particles, especially in arid areas with little vegetation. The type and amount of precipitation that influences the formation of soils affects the movement of ions and particles through the soil, assisting in the development of different soil profiles. Seasonal and daily temperature fluctuations affect the potency of water weathering the parent rock material and affect soil dynamics, freeze-thaw is an emotional mechanism that breaks up rocks and other composite materials. Temperature and precipitation rates affect biological activity, rate of chemical reactions and type of vegetation cover.