The real god of algebraic geometry, open any modern algebraic geometry textbook or monograph, you will frequently see terms such as Groth-topology, Groth-cohomology, Groth-ring and so on, his theory feeds nearly half of the mathematicians in the world today, this is the evaluation of Alexander Grothendieck, mathematicians look up to this maverick man with the sunshine of the Christian view of the pope.

Born in Berlin in 1928 and fled to Paris with his father after the Nazis came to power, when he began to read, he was able to distinguish between what was deep and what was superficial, what was right and what was wrong in his math class, without the need for a teacher's prompt. He found that the math problems in the textbooks were always repetitive, and often isolated from the things that could give it meaning, "This is the problem of the book, not my problem" - perhaps he said this when he was in the second year of secondary school, but unlike the secondary two, who could change the wrong world, Grothendieck could change mathematics.

After graduating from the University of Montpellier, he rediscovered the concepts of measure theory and the Lebesgue integral, and after graduation, under the guidance of his teacher Shura, he returned to Paris to find Henri Gardan, an important figure in the Bourbaki school, where he became acquainted with leading mathematicians such as Claude Chavalet, Jean Delsa, Jean Diudogne, Roger Goedman, Laurent Schwartz and André Weiy, and joined the Bourbaki school, which was brought to its peak.

In the late 1950s and 1960s, "the world of mathematics needed to adapt to him," said Michael Addin of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and that the Declaration of Form 2 became a reality;

Fifties and sixties. Grothendieck revolutionized algebraic geometry, published more than a dozen books, and established a grand and complete "theory of generalizations". His work was the pinnacle of algebraic geometry, and his book has been hailed as the "Grothendieck Bible". This is where his theories come into play. On the basis of generalization theory, mathematicians have achieved one eye-popping achievement after another: he gave the first algebraic proof of the famous Riemann-Loch theorem.

It resulted in the following events:

In 1973, Deligne proved the Weiyi conjecture (won the 1978 Fields Medal);

In 1983, G. Faltings proved the Modell conjecture (won the 1986 Fields Medal);

In 1995, Wiles proved the Taniyama-Shimura conjecture and solved Fermat's theorem, which was more than 350 years old (won the 1996 Fields Special Prize).

These achievements represent the highest level of contemporary mathematics and are enough to shine through the ages. Algebraic geometry in the 20th century has produced many geniuses and Fields Medals, but there is only one God, and that is Grothendieck.

Influenced by his father's death in a Nazi concentration camp during World War II and depression following his mother's death, Grothendieck was also a radical ecological and environmental activist, for which he rejected the Fields Medal and then the Crawford Prize. He resigned from the Institut des Hautes Etudes in France because of part of his funding from the Ministry of Defence, and took away the microphone of Lucian mathematician Pontryagin at the International Congress of Mathematicians because his report dealt with the issue of missile-tracking aircraft.

In 73, he left Paris and moved to the countryside, and in 90 he left all his manuscripts and completely left the mathematical world to live in seclusion, living in isolation.

With Grothendieck's status and status, a mere Poincaré conjecture did not seem to be enough to attract him, and even more excited than Lu Qiujian were the teachers of Beijing Normal University and the mathematicians who arrived in advance!

The mathematicians who learned of Grothendieck's arrival rushed to the hall on a pilgrimage, yes, in their hearts, Grothendieck was the embodiment of the god of mathematics on the ground.

The principal was even more excited. What an honor it is for Grothendieck to choose Kyoto Normal University as the destination of his return to the mountain after more than ten years!

Although he is in his seventies, Grothendieck's mind is still sharp and he is quick to answer the questions posed by these mathematicians. Just after answering a few questions, I showed a hint of fatigue.

Everyone didn't dare to disturb, so they hurriedly said goodbye and retired!"Lu, teacher, please stay for a while!" Just as Lu Qiujian was about to leave, Deligne spoke up.

"Okay. Sir!" Lu Qiujian closed the door lightly and walked back, standing respectfully in front of Grothendieck.

"What do you think math is?" said Grothendieck, looking at him for a moment, before asking slowly.

Different people will have different answers to this question. Hardy would say, "Mathematics is beauty, and beauty is the first litmus test: ugly mathematics cannot last forever." ”

Engels' answer is more orthodox: "Mathematics is a science that studies the relationship between quantity and spatial form in the real world." ”

Russell, on the other hand, argues that "mathematics is all classes of propositions of the form p containing q." ”

However, are these the answers that Grothendieck wants? Lu Qiujian certainly did not think so, he thought carefully about Grothendieck's experience, and then replied, "Mathematics is the embodiment of the needs of human existence and the order of the universe. ”

Grothendieck's reason for abandoning mathematics was that he thought there was something more important than mathematics, and that was "the need for survival and the promotion of a stable and humane order on our planet." Lu Qiujian's answer was to agree with these and mathematics.

Grothendieck did not say right or wrong, but instead asked other questions, "Pierre says that you are the most talented mathematician he has ever met, and that you may be the next me." He looked at his lover and smiled, then shook his head, "But I never think so, everyone is unique, Grothendieck is Grothendieck, Deligne is Deligne, and Luqiujian will only be Luqiujian!"

"Okay! What else have you prepared this time? I read your article on arXiv the other day! I seem to have a premonition that a storm is coming in the world of mathematics!" Grothendieck's gaze was deep and distant, and there was not a trace of cloudiness.

Perhaps this is the purpose of attracting him here, right? Lu Qiujian's heart swelled with joy, if he could persuade His Majesty the Pope to support him, then he would undoubtedly achieve great success at this report meeting, and then he would be a solid step closer to completing the plan.

"I'm going to give a speech on the last day of the conference!" Lu Qiujian opened his bag, took out the speech, and handed it over with respectful hands.

Grothendieck was fluent in English, German and French, and he could understand the manuscript in English.

About Grothendieck, you can search for an article called "As if from the void - the story of Pope Grothendieck in algebraic geometry". (To be continued.) )

PS: The second update,There are too many references in this chapter.,I'm sorry to charge.,It's set to free.,You can like it if you're happy to see it.。