Chapter 473: Western History
In China, the kings of all dynasties attached great importance to history, and there were special historians who recorded major events such as the rise and fall of dynasties and social changes.
After the change of dynasty, the new dynasty will also organize personnel to repair the history of the old dynasty, pass the official review, and finalize it before it is published.
The official history books of this kind of historians are called official histories, also known as letter histories, and are the most important basis for future historians to clear the fog of history and explore the truth of history.
Of course, the things recorded in the official history may not be completely credible, and some things are "blaming for the Venerable" because they involve the dynasty, and sometimes they will pass by with the Spring and Autumn Period, or even ignore the facts and wantonly beautify a certain dynasty, and such historical books will generally not be recognized by historians.
For example, the Qing history manuscript made during the modern Republic of China, the history of the Qing Dynasty written by some of the children of the Eight Banners, it is really not good to beautify my Qing Dynasty, which caused an uproar at the time, and almost everyone disagreed with this history, so this history can only be called a Qing history manuscript, not a Qing history.
Only historical books that can stand the test of time and are respected by historians throughout the ages can have more reference value.
If the official history is not very detailed, or if the record is very wrong in some places, then when studying the history of certain dynasties, some miscellaneous histories are needed as reference evidence.
In addition to the royal historians, there are also people who revise history, and the history of these people is called wild history, also called miscellaneous history, in which there may be nonsense, but there is also no lack of real things, and it has a strong academic reference value.
However, whether it is the history of letters or the history of the wilderness, there is an exact date and accurate place, the reasons for the incident, as well as the political environment and the marks of the times at that time, which are all very obvious in the book.
If we go back from generation to generation according to the history of China, there is basically no time to break the dynasty, even if there is an occasional vague and unclear era, but the approximate time period will be marked in the book, and this vague time period will not be too long.
Looking at the world's historical classics, there is only one such an orderly record of Chinese history, with a source, and an exact chronological record, and for thousands of years, the historical record has continued to this day.
And in the West, before the sixteenth century, they had no history at all, and all the history before the sixteenth century was basically all contemporary history, that is, the history of artificial falsification.
In fact, if we think about it carefully, we can come to this conclusion.
Before the sixteenth century, the West was divided into countless small countries, they did not even have a calendar, they did not have a person who wrote history, and most importantly, they lacked one of the most important things - the carrier of words.
At that time, there was no paper in the West, and important things could only be used, and parchment rolls were expensive, and it was impossible to record too many things, and it was said that there was a kind of papyrus, but papyrus was not actually paper, but a kind of grass leaf, which could not be preserved for a long time, and the carrier that could be preserved for a long time, whether it was a stone slab or a parchment roll, could not be popularized on a large scale, so the things they recorded were extremely limited, and there were only a handful of them that have been handed down.
Because of the fragmentation and inconsistency of the recorded things, and the lack of calendar markings, the history of the Western world is extremely confusing.
In China, Guan Gong vs. Qin Qiong is a joke, but in the history of the West, it happens from time to time, even if there are records of characters, but there is no chronological marking, so they are unable to sort out the context of historical events.
In order to write something, the Chinese ancestors also racked their brains, and finally selected the bamboo slips as a carrier tool to preserve the text, but the production process of the bamboo slips is extremely complicated, and the fonts on it are carved out with tools and then branded, and then connected with rubber bands, so as to form bamboo slips, that is, the formed text carrier.
Confucius read the Book of Changes, "Wei compiled three uniques", that is, it shows that Confucius read the book many times, very addicted, and the rubber bands linking the bamboo slips were broken, and the carrier of the text at that time was the bamboo slips that were branded and inscribed.
There is also an adjective called "sweat green", which is actually one of the procedures of the bamboo slip production process, which has slowly evolved into "finishing", and the meaning of the word has changed.
Because at the beginning, it was engraved on the bamboo slips, the procedure was cumbersome and extremely laborious, which forced the ancients to have to describe the most complex information in the most concise sentences.
Why are ancient books so precious? Why are ancient books so difficult to borrow? Isn't it because these books are so difficult to make?
Later, the inscription on the bamboo slips was changed to writing with a brush, which reduced a lot of processes, and the ancient pre-script was gradually transformed into easy-to-understand classical Chinese, and then after the popularization of paper, the ancient vernacular gradually appeared, until the modern vernacular.
It can be said that the change in the narrative mode of Chinese literature is closely related to the change of the text carrier, and if the text carrier is not improved, any vernacular literary movement is nonsense.
But even in China, the country that was the first to find a suitable text carrier, there are still many classics that are difficult to preserve, I don't know how many classics have been lost, and some historical books are not very complete, and they have to be added, deleted and repaired by later generations.
And in the West at that time, not to mention paper, they didn't even have bamboo slips, so how did they record their epic masterpieces of millions of words at every turn?
Could it be that at that time, a sheep in the West could peel a hundred sheepskins?
Or will their sheep molt and lose one in a month?
Or is it something that is born in the genes and brings it to the brain?
Or is it that someone in modern times has mastered the ability to travel through time and space, and has gone back to the past and specially recorded it?
This is so unconscionable that no one with a brain would believe the truth of these things.
Some people say that "Homer's Epic" was sung by a shepherd named Homer, good guy, what an illiterate and blind man said, it turned out to be the history of Westerners, and Athena and Poseidon in it were flying all over the sky, and they could even become history books, which is simply terrible.
If history is determined in this way, the historical source of China will start from the "Classic of Mountains and Seas".
In particular, there is a very interesting phenomenon worth exploring, that is, these great historical works of the West were "discovered" around the 18th century.
So now the question is, when they found these things, in what way were these writings preserved? Lambskin or papyrus, or clay tablets?
Moreover, these things have never been recorded and legendary before, but they suddenly appeared overnight, and they are all arranged in an orderly and well-organized manner, which is more like Chinese history than Chinese history.
The history books of China, although there must be elements of falsification, but there are generally no discrepancies in many major events, such as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States of Qin and Han Dynasty, the change of these dynasties and the major events in the dynasty and the humanistic form of the emperor and ministers at that time, there are detailed records, basically there will be no fake, the fake should be related to the king's private morality, but this has little impact on the whole history, and does not delay the research and exploration of historians, because there is still wild history to corroborate.
However, the West can't even consider the specific change of dynasties, and their history is all a mess, because the so-called children of the nobility at that time were also illiterate, and the writing could not be said to be absent, but it could not be popularized at all, and even the nobles were illiterate, so who would record history?
Even if history is recorded, how can it be passed down without the attention of the state?
How can they have history in that case?
But now, a group of Chinese writers are holding a special meeting to discuss the influence of Western history on Chinese culture!
Guo Dalu stood at the door of the conference, the more he thought about it, the more he coke, and he couldn't help laughing.
When the laughter reached the venue, many scholars turned to look at Guo Dalu, with a curious look on their faces, not knowing what kind of nerves Guo Dalu had.