If there is only one analysis of the poem, it is better to do a math problem.

Du Fu has a poem "Jiang Han":

"Jiang Hansi returned to the guest, and the universe was rotten.

The clouds and the sky are far away, and the eternal night and the moon are lonely.

The sunset is still strong, and the autumn wind is sick.

In ancient times, old horses were stored, and there was no need to take long distances. ”

In the first month of the third year of the Great Calendar (768), Du Fu went out of the gorge from Kuizhou and lived in Jiangling, Gong'an and other places in Hubei. At this time, he was fifty-six years old, and there was no hope of returning to the north, and his livelihood was in decline. The poem is titled with the first two words "Jiang Han", which is the symbol of the wandering wanderer. Despite this, the poet's lonely loyalty still exists, and his strong heart is still there, and this poem concentrates on a kind of spirit that will not fade until old age and tenacity, which is very touching.

This is a very common saying, and I have seen another version, which says that this poem was written in the fourth year of the Great Calendar (769), when Lao Du was in Tanzhou, at the age of fifty-eight, and he died in the boat of the Xiangjiang River in the winter of the following year. The time and place of this statement are different, and even the algorithm for age is different.

Yes, since ancient times, the horse has not had to rely on its body to drive long distances, but should reuse the experience and wisdom that he can see.

In my interpretation, it should be after reading the last sentence and being awakened, I have to go back to find the experience and wisdom in Du Fu's poem. In terms of poetry, there is no old horse who knows the way better than Lao Du, and if he misses going back and reading again, he is missing a world of poetry, and he is also missing a big library in literature.

Reading Du Lao's poems, I had better not despise any word, only he can do that every word has important value, not another word can be simply replaced. At this point, I think he did even better than Xin Qiji.

As long as you put your mind to it, it is not difficult to gain something from reading.

He said: It doesn't have to be long. Indeed, forty words only.

How much essence is hidden in forty words?

How much wisdom and experience there is, but I don't know how many words to use to record, the sinking time is too short, only a few points are nonsense, it is really messy, just because this volume is "Thinking and Deleting Again".

Because it is rotten, it is lonely. So it's one.

It's not lonely, lonely but not lonely, it's the experience of being with the moon.

There is also the same moon, there are two in the moon, that is two ones, one rotten, and one is the moon of eternal night. Du Lao's moon is not the kind of Suzi in later generations, the endless hiding of heaven and earth that is "inexhaustible and inexhaustible", but the cold moon, Qinghui and cold jade arms.

According to some statistics, Du Fu has more than 100 poems about the moon, of which there are more than 20 poems with the moon in the title. The more common moons are called the falling moon, the autumn moon, the new moon, the bright moon, the plain moon, the star moon, the river moon, etc., with a large number and a variety of appearances. Looking at Du Fu's Yongyue poems, its emotional connotations are roughly as follows: feeling sad and parting, homesickness, worrying about the country, sadness is not met, sighing for the life experience, etc. Sentimental poetry accounts for about 90 percent of the total - and that's not all.

With the moon, in fact, it can only be the same as the water moon in the river, the moon in the sky is too far, and the lonely moon can be with a piece of cloud. Jiang has Han, Qianyou Kun, there are two in the moon, there are two on the clouds, there are two in the sky, and there are two in the distance, so loneliness will not be lonely. It's a lonely group.

The night is more lonely, and the eternal night is longer. How about a Confucian who has grown from a young man to an old man who is sick and a frequent visitor who thinks all day long? How many times has such a weak horse been reused throughout the ages, and not only has he not been taken seriously at that time, but after 1,200 or 300 years to the present, how much chance will there be to be reused?

When I read the word "sick and sick", no matter how I thought about it, it also meant that "the old disease is about to recur", and I didn't think that the disease was about to get better like most people.

The sky has long eyes, and the white or red eyes of the sun are turned out during the day, and the yellow or silver eyes of the moon are open at night. Whether it is white or red, it is a diseased eye, and whether it is yellow or silver, it is impossible to see the problem clearly.

God obviously has two eyes, why don't you look at them together, is it better to aim with one eye?

The sun looks at Lao Du Taifu, and the moon looks at Lao Du Tairu, they all see that Du Fu is talented, and they can only watch, what else can they do?

When you read about the eternal night, you will think of "The horn of the eternal night is sad and mutters to himself, who can see the moonlight in the middle of the sky" What is there to look at in the moonlight? What is the hope in the sky? Qu Ziwang is not enough, and Lao Du can't finish it.

If the sky is also in human form, have they ever thought about which part of the sky they are gazing at so obsessively, he will also be ashamed.

It's not that I'm disrespectful to the sky, but I'm just going to say one fact, the sky is high, so what you see from the ground is the soles of the heavens, the crotch, and why the sun is the sun, the moon and the moon can be used as a metaphor. No wonder they always ride on our upper pull balls and pull liquid and fart sound!

Only those who have gone to heaven will know how ridiculous our ideas are, and only those who have been to Du Fu's time can truly understand Du Fu's poems.

When we read and re-read, what we really interpret is nothing more than our own thoughts triggered by these works, which are the carriers of the authors and readers.

In this poem, Lao Du is a guest because he is lonely, and he is often a guest in the sad autumn.

Because it is a guest, it is necessary to return. Because there is money and no time, there is no time and no money, or even none, and it is always in between, so it is difficult to return. Because you can't return, you have to think, Jiang has three points, Han has three points, and there are three points, and the points are to think.

Because I am always thinking, I am talented, and because I am talented, I am outstanding, not the same as the vulgar, and not the common people.

Just because they are not together, they are lonely, so they are alone, so that they are corrupt, so that the crown of heaven is covered with Jinghua, and the people are alone and haggard.

Because of the lonely height, so Huaicai does not meet, because it does not meet, so it falls, and because it is down, it is impossible to return home.

The clouds are far away, and the far ones are not just floating clouds like fame and fortune, and they are just opportunities that are far away in the sky? There is also home, and there is something that will never be forgotten, the long journey home.

Sunset is another form of falling leaves, and falling leaves are destined to be the form of autumn. Fallen leaves are not leaves, Du Fu said, they are fallen trees on trees.

In Du Fu's eyes, the fallen wood is the wood that fell from the forest tree, that is, the meat that fell from the body, that is, it was so painful and so strong. Boundless falling trees are Xiao Xiaoxiao, endless Yangtze River rolls in, falling trees are meat, and the rolling river is not the meat of the Yangtze River?

In those painstaking poems, He Shang was not the meat cut from Du Fu's body? Why else was he always so thin?

Only when the flesh hurts can we interpret Du Fu's personal pain.

Du Fu's pain is deeper than physical pain, it is heartache, it is deeper than heartache, it is emotional pain.

He can say to himself, "The sunset is not my flesh, it is the day, the day is not mine, I live not the day." The sun sets, it sets, I won't shout, I won't stop you, I won't pull you, I won't go with you! You just go down, it doesn't matter how long the night is, anyway, day and night, it's all alone and lonely.

Seeing the sun go down, but being indifferent, you really need to have a strong heart.

When you read any poem, you are also reading yourself.

No matter how young he is, he is an old horse of his own. There are always some journeys that no one can help with, only you can find them.

No matter how lively life is, there are also long and long lives spent alone, can we have that kind of wisdom when we are like that, and find the corresponding alternative to be alone and lonely?

When we are powerless, can we still have the confidence to say that the sunset is still strong, and we don't have to take long distances?

Notes from early May 1988.