Chapter 156: Officials, Nobles, Commoners

"The ambitions of the three of you are conflicting, and there are also places where you can work together. “

Called Xunze looked at the three people and said,

"The conflict is that all three of you have your own political power, your own army. Everyone wants to be the boss, but neither can completely eliminate the other.

And where you can work together is that you don't want to watch the Han family end up like this.

Maybe you yourself will have the idea of standing on behalf of the Han after unifying the world, but before the world is unified, you are all willing to be Han Chen, not usurpers. ”

"That's true. ”

Cao Cao said,

"There is an example of Wang Mang saving the Han in the past, even if the Han family is immoral, as a courtier, he should be brought back on the right track, rather than usurping the Han and becoming self-reliant. ”

"That's right. Sun Ce also nodded in agreement with Cao Cao's statement.

Sun Ce, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan all grew up in the era when the authority of the Han Dynasty was still in place, and in their cognition, the word Han represented their own country, representing strength and prosperity.

Therefore, they act differently from Sima Yi, Sun Quan, Liu Chan, and Cao Pi, unless things reach the point where they have to abolish the Han family, they will not easily change the dynasty.

The strength of the Han Dynasty made them full of a sense of identity with the Han people.

"In that case, then I will give you the reason for the answer I gave you a constitutional monarchy. ”

Yu Xunze looked at the three of them and said,

"Luoyang is not in danger to defend, and the surrounding plains are small. As a country, it is not as good as Chang'an, but because of this, if the city of Luoyang is only classified separately and let him not be controlled by any of the three families, then no one will worry that this will threaten any of the three families.

So my idea is that there should be a constitutional monarchy, but not a constitutional monarchy, but a constitutional monarchy of three together. ”

"But wasn't the constitutional monarchy that Cao Cao implemented before also usurped. ”

Liu Bei heard the words of Xun Ze and put forward his opinion,

It can be seen that a constitutional monarchy is not reliable. ”

"The reason for the emergence of the system of constitutional monarchy is that there is a new class that can perfectly restrain the monarchy, so that he can only be bound by the law. ”

Called Xun Ze to Liu Bei and said,

"Cao Cao's pre-constitutional monarchy was actually crooked. Because he did not cultivate a class to restrain the monarchy, but only nominally limited the monarchy, in fact replaced the monarchy with himself.

And what I want you to do is a constitutional monarchy, which is to ensure that the rights of the monarch are always limited to one range through checks and balances between the three countries. ”

"I still don't understand. ”

Cao Cao, Sun Ce, and Liu Bei were still a little confused.

"You can read the book for yourself, and I'm here to talk about what you need to do. ”

asked Xun Ze to take out a pen and paper, and while explaining, he said his overall plan.

It's a complicated plan to implement, but it's as simple as it sounds.

That is to let the three families form a coalition government, and then manage the government in the name of the Han family.

The seat of the coalition government was in Luoyang, and the royal family also lived here. Luoyang is a city directly under the coalition government, and the three countries jointly send troops to protect it, and no armed force is allowed to enter Luoyang without the consent of the three governments.

The coalition government is jointly managed by the prime minister and the six ministries, and the three candidates cannot be directly appointed, but each family can recommend two candidates for each position.

At the same time, in order to ensure that the coalition government does not favor any one over the other, the state needs to form a House of Commons.

Among them, the House of Lords has the power to elect the prime minister and six ministers, a total of 99 people, 33 members from each of the three families, and the principle of minority approval of majority is implemented.

In addition, major decisions about the state made by the Prime Minister and the Six Ministries require the consent of the House of Lords before they can be implemented.

That is, the House of Lords represented the will of the Liu, Cao, and Sun families and was responsible for supervising the imperial court.

The House of Commons is composed of people from all over the country who do not hold official positions, but have a certain degree of prestige, and the number is unlimited.

The House of Commons has the power to vote for and against major decisions of the state, but the results of the vote are only used as a reference for public opinion and do not have any practical effect.

However, the House of Commons also has the power to make recommendations, i.e. members of the House of Commons can make proposals on national policy, and if the proposals are voted on by the House of Commons, if they are more than 70% in favor, then the proposals will be sent to the House of Lords for a vote.

If the House of Lords also passes the vote with more than 70 per cent in favour, then the proposal will be sent to the coalition government, which will implement it.

In this way, the three branches of power of the coalition government, the upper house and the lower house have played a role in intertwining each other.

The House of Lords can veto decisions of the coalition government, but is not in a position to make its own decisions and leave them to the coalition government.

The House of Commons is not in a position to endorse or reject the decisions of the coalition government, but they have the right to propose proposals for the House of Lords to vote on, and if the House of Lords votes on them, the coalition government will have to implement them.

Under this political system, the coalition government represented the class of officials, the upper house represented the aristocratic class headed by Cao, Liu, and Sun, and the lower house represented the common people with a certain social status.

When officials, aristocrats, and ordinary people have their own channels for speaking and exercising their own departments of power, then the royal family, which originally represented the highest power of the country, is actually only left with the role of mascots.

Because none of the three institutions that hold the power of the state will want the royal family to come out and exercise power.

Of course, the reason why this plan is easy to say but difficult to implement is that if this plan is to be implemented, the group that currently holds state power will not only not be the royal family itself, but will also have to split into several relatively stable political groups.

This is simply not possible in any dynasty except the Three Kingdoms. Because other dynasties fought each other in troubled times, and the central government was extremely powerful when it was unified, it was absolutely impossible to give up the power in its hands.

Only during the Three Kingdoms period, the Cao, Sun, and Liu families checked and balanced each other, although there was a slight gap in strength, but it was far from being able to destroy each other.

Therefore, instead of letting all three families return to the throne in the end, it is better for the three families to hand over the right to appoint officials, form an upper house, and control the country remotely through the upper house.

After the reforms of Liu Xiu and Wang Mang in the Han Dynasty, the great families were wiped out, and the literati formed political groups through the academy, which also completely separated the aristocracy and the literati.

In other words, even if the officials of the imperial court are recommended by the nobles, in terms of interests, the nobles and the officials are not one.

As long as Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Ce are willing to give up some of their rights, then the nobles will change from directly controlling the country to remotely commanding the country.

The difference between this coming and going is huge.

Stay: Luoyang is not without danger to defend, but it lacks the strategic depth of defense.

Note: The women's clothes I bought are Connor's cosy suits, and the things have already arrived. But because it's a full set with wigs and other things, I need to find someone to help me. Wait for me to study it, p the picture, and send the photo in the group.