Even the GPU technology, which the Americans wanted to steal, became popular all at once. Since the current Pangu computer has been opened to DIY, many users can't wait to wait for the GPU to go on the market, and then assemble a Pangu computer with a GPU chip.

After the press conference, some GPU chips flowed out in a small range, and they were once hyped by the market to $1,000 each. A chip is comparable to a current Pangu 7th generation computer, and more users are stupid to block the Luban chip with a quad-core CPU, but replace it with a GPU composed of 2 CPUs and 2 graphics display chips.

This obviously violates the main cost performance of GPU hosts, however, many users have concluded that if you add more memory, this kind of core graphics card can replace some discrete graphics cards. It's just that it can replace mainstream discrete graphics cards at most, not those high-end discrete graphics cards above $1,000.

In general, users can use memory instead of video memory, which is naturally more cost-effective. After all, the capacity of the memory chip is much more expensive than the memory capacity. However, the current memory particles and video memory particles have not been so thoroughly distinguished, and the memory with a higher frequency is the most popular choice for video memory. Later, when the difference between memory particles and graphics display particles became larger, this substitution relationship ceased to exist.

……

There is a well-known sentence in later generations, first-class enterprises sell standards, second-rate enterprises sell technology, and third-rate enterprises sell products. Although this is not absolute, in the field of telecommunications, the profit of standards, technologies and products is really not a level.

In the field of mobile communications, the top companies mainly make money by selling technical standards and collecting royalties, followed by selling products.

There is no doubt that with the development of science and technology, human beings are increasingly pursuing efficiency and convenience. In terms of communication, traditional fixed telephones, pagers, etc. cannot meet the requirements of people to communicate anytime and anywhere. Therefore, mobile communication is naturally gradually popularized, and mobile communication is not a new technology. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, there were applications of wireless telegraphy, broadcasting and other wireless communications. The Soviet Union began to develop a set of mobile communication technology in the 60s, but the Soviets did not understand business very well, so they did not make a mobile phone and mobile communication industry.

It wasn't until the 80s that the Americans began to gradually commercialize mobile communication technology, which was originally for military use. Products such as pagers, big brothers, etc., have begun to be continuously promoted with the help of capital.

The mobile communication technology also has standards, the big brother in the 1G era, and the patent standard is dominated by companies represented by Motorola in the United States. Of course, Big Brother, who can only make calls, is just excessive, and the number of users is not very large. Because, soon in the 90s, the 2G standard of the mobile communication industry has been formulated and quickly promoted. Of course, the 2G standard is no longer the dominant standard in the United States, but the Europeans have begun to rise up and formulate the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access Technology) technical standard, which is also known as the GSM standard.

At the same time, in the 2G era, Qualcomm also launched the famous CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access Technology), as a stinky patent rogue in the mobile communications industry, from the beginning it was mainly to sell patent annotations to make money. Later, people bought mobile phones with Qualcomm Snapdragon chips, but also sold patents to send chips, not to buy Qualcomm chips, the same to pay patent fees, buy Qualcomm chips buy one get one free, pay a little less patent fees, this is also led to the future generations of global mobile phone manufacturers, in addition to Apple, Huawei, Samsung, mainly use their own chips, and there are a large number of patent reserves, which can reduce the proportion of Qualcomm taxes, so that they have the confidence not to buy Qualcomm chips. Other mobile phone manufacturers, not to mention the research and development of chips, substrates and the like require a lot of R&D investment, and, you have developed it, the technical standards are formulated, unless you have a bunch of patents, you can pay a part of the Qualcomm tax, but, in general, the net profit after tax of mobile phone manufacturers rarely exceeds 5%, however, the Qualcomm tax in later generations has been raised to 5% of the retail price of mobile phones. In other words, even if you make your own brand of mobile phone, if you earn more than the royalties handed over to you, even if I lose.

Qualcomm in this era is not as rogue as later generations, on the one hand, because the scale of mobile phone users is relatively small. In addition, there are European standards and American standards.

From a purely technical point of view, Qualcomm's CDMA standard is a little more powerful than the European GSM standard. At the very least, the transition from 2G to 3****MA is relatively smooth. It can be said that CDMA is inherently more advanced than the GSM standard, even if it is used for 2G, it also has the characteristics of 2.5G. The cost of upgrading to 3G and 4G standards is relatively low. At the same time, the CDMA standard has fewer vulnerabilities than GSM.

In the future, China will have its own standards in the 3G and 4G era. Especially since the beginning of the 4G era, the TD-LTE standard formulated by China has become one of the two major international standards along with FDD-LTE. Moreover, with China's massive number of mobile phone users, the number of TD-LTE global users is not less than the number of FDD-LTE users. In terms of the number of 4G base stations, the number of 4G base stations in China is more than the number of 4G base stations in other countries in the world combined.

It can be said that in the later 4G era, China's patent fees paid to the international community have been much less than in the previous 2G and 3G eras. After all, by relying on his own strength, he has created a 4G network with a user scale that is not inferior to the international mainstream standard, which can be regarded as strength and ability, and the dependence on international standards is not very high.

However, in the current 2G era, China still needs to take it easy for the time being and join other people's standards first. In this way, base stations, mobile phones and other products are made, not only for their own use. Moreover, it can also rely on the characteristics of cost performance and other characteristics to be exported overseas to operators and mobile phone users of the same standard.

When the domestic market rises, you can play by yourself, and a country can invest more than the total number of base stations in other countries in the world combined, it is okay to first engage in its own set of standards, do it well, and want to promote it overseas, so that others can also join this set of standards.

However, when the country chooses the standard of mobile communication, whether it is a beauty pageant or a European standard, Lin Qi, on behalf of the new entrepreneurship department, suggested that the country choose the European GSM standard.

Of course, you can't just agree to use the GSM standard, but negotiate a lot of benefits. For example, in terms of the patent fee of the GSM standard, it is required to be no more than 3% of the price of the mobile phone!

The standards of Qualcomm in the United States in the later generations reoccupied the mainstream in the 3G era, mainly because the GSM standard died, and the patent fee was raised to a sky-high price of 16%~17% of the price of mobile phones.

It can be said that Qualcomm, a stinky hooligan, took many years before he dared to raise the patent fee to 5 percent! Those manufacturers in Europe only lived a good life in the 90s, but they swelled up to the point where they did not know how thick the sky was, and raised the patent barriers to a level where many manufacturers were unprofitable. Therefore, in the later 3G era, European giants have fallen, mainly because they overestimate their monopoly on technology, thinking that the GSM monopoly advantage is indestructible, and the technology upgrade will continue to upgrade in GSM technology in the future.

At present, Lin Qi told the national high-level that the country should temporarily negotiate with European and American manufacturers, and temporarily simulate both sides, not saying that European standards must be used, and in addition, American standards must be used. To put it simply, first of all, it is necessary to negotiate a low patent fee, especially to fix the dead ratio, and the price increase of patent labeling is not allowed in the future.

Let's talk about this matter first, and then start the formal layout, the domestic mobile communication network.

……

Lin Qitong went straight to Nokia's headquarters in Finland.

Knowing that Lin Qi was coming, Yoma Ollila took time out to meet them.

"Rare customers, our mobile phones have been sold all over the world, with more than 10 million units sold every year, I wonder if Mr. Lin has made your mobile phone?" joma mocked.

"Of course, no! After all, the patent standard has not been determined!" Lin Qi said, "I came to Europe mainly to hope that you Nokia will come forward and let the GSM standard charge China fix the package of patent licensing fees charged by the GSM standard at 3% of the retail price of mobile phones...... If you exceed this percentage, our country will most likely adopt the standards of Qualcomm in the United States. Lin Qi said seriously, "There are some loopholes in the GSM standard, and these vulnerabilities may not have been exposed at this stage, but with the future of mobile phones and financial binding, there are major hidden dangers in this vulnerability." ”

"How is that possible?" said Yoma Ollila, "we are the makers of the GSM standard, and we don't know about the loopholes, how do you know?"

"If you don't believe me, I'll show you!" Next, Lin Qi described the technology of bundling mobile phones and banks in the future, and using mobile phone SMS as a verification code to realize transfers.

"This technique is great!" Yoma Ollilah nodded.

"However, there are serious bugs!" Lin Qi demonstrated the sniffing vulnerability between the GSM base station and the mobile phone not long after, and only a simple tool is needed to non-contact sniff the verification code received by the GSM mobile phone from the base station. If it is a financial verification code, it is possible that the thief will transfer the money, "the United States CDMA is technically more stringent than your European GSM standard! What's more, the Americans negotiate with us that the total price of the CDMA package of patent standards in the next ten years will not exceed 3% of the price of mobile phones! If you can't promote the patent fee standard of the 2G communication technology standard in China and Europe in the near future to reach a ratio that we are satisfied with, we would rather cooperate with the United States!"

Lin ...... The United States is already so powerful, if you cooperate with the United States, won't it make the United States' hegemony even more unbreakable? We in Europe are scattered many countries, and we cannot be as hegemonic as the United States, and your acceptance of our standards will definitely be more conducive to China's development than the American standards......" Joma Ollilah opened her eyes and said nonsense, "If you accept the GSM standard, we will give you a large number of orders, so that you can earn OEM fees." ”

We worked hard for OEM, and then, you easily used the royalties and the principal with interest to make our hard-earned money? This is not okay, we need a certain package of royalties for 15 years, less than 3 percent. As for the sharing of patent fees among GSM patent holders, it is an internal negotiation according to the importance and proportion of patents! We only accept one point, that is, we only pay a fixed amount of patent fees, otherwise we will negotiate with the United States!

"Okay...... You give me a month, and I can try my best to convince the European manufacturers to agree with our proposal. Yoma Ollilah was silent for a moment and then said, "Of course, you'll need a more tempting exchange chip!"

"What about the GSM vulnerability?"

"That's just a dessert, communication technology standards, in exchange for a package of Pangu computer licensing! Europe needs the technical authorization of Pangu computer, we can produce our own CPU based on the XRM architecture, and we need to customize it on the basis of the kernel of Pangu operating system, and develop a compatible operating system with its own interface!"

"Yes!