Chapter 63: Progress in chip R&D

"This is the market feedback of "Tank Wars", with a total revenue of 80,000 yuan on the first day, a total of 130 machines put into operation, and an average daily revenue of 615 yuan per machine!" Zhang Ru happily took the report and reported to Lin Qi, "However, some machines have the bug that the coin is invalid." Pen Fun Pavilion www.biquge.info"

"The coin is invalid?" Lin Qi was stunned.

"Yes, I thought it was a quality problem with the coin machine, but then it turned out that the wiring of our game motherboard was faulty. "The technicians modified the design, so the factory temporarily shut down, but at most, after a few days, production can resume." ”

Thanks to the games of the new start-up electronics company, each game, is a completely new platform. Therefore, the glitches of each new game may be different from the previous ones.

In order to allow players to cooperate with the reporting of bugs, the new venture electronics company operates its own game hall and offers players a lot of money.

Once the reported BUG is confirmed, the minimum reward is 1,000 Hong Kong dollars, and if the reported BUG is of significant value, or if it is the first time to report, the maximum reward will be 10,000 yuan.

Therefore, after players find a bug, most of them will choose to report the bug to the new venture electronics company because of the generous reward.

As a result, players in Hong Kong have basically become new game testers who do not receive a fixed salary for the new venture electronics.

……

The headquarters of the new venture electronics company made Yu Youcheng feel like he had returned to the fairy child era. It feels much more fulfilling than when I was at Intel.

Like Fairchild, this company attaches great importance to technology research and development, and R&D personnel will feel very free and happy here.

Of course, Fairchild has a huge flaw, which is that the head office is not located in Silicon Valley, but in the eastern city. More resources are being invested in the research and development of technologies such as cameras and camcorders.

Although Fairchild Semiconductor Company in the west attaches great importance to research and development, many products are directly eaten in the laboratory after they are developed, until the competitor's products have been listed, and Fairchild Semiconductor Company has not transformed the technology into products in a timely manner.

As a result, many R&D personnel of Fairchild Semiconductor Company have jumped to start a business because their research results have not been valued by the company, and they have stayed in Fairchild for a few years to more than ten years. Most of the entrepreneurial projects are mature products during the Fairchild Lab period.

The end of Fairchild is obvious, although it attaches importance to R&D and talents, but because the efficiency of technology into products is too low, it has become a dandelion in Silicon Valley, and a steady stream of new semiconductor companies have been incubated. However, it has gradually been marginalized by the market because of the continuous loss of talents.

Start-up electronics companies value R&D investment, and the efficiency of R&D projects into products far exceeds that of Fairchild.

Functions like Calculator, Chinese Cubes, and Tank Wars games were all quickly launched to the market after a few months of development, and these products quickly paid off handsomely. Then, they began to feed back the profits to the company and invest in the research and development of more new technologies and products.

Because of the intensity of capital and talent, coupled with the encouragement of innovation, new start-up electronics companies have the potential to produce a new technology and patent every moment, and the efficiency of converting it into products is amazing.

And Yu Youcheng feels that the R&D progress of the reduced instruction set chip led by himself seems to be the slowest in the entire company.

Because, now that the RISC theory has just come out, including the proposers of the RISC theory, they are all in the exploration stage, and it takes a lot of time just to read the newly released papers on the reduced instruction set in the world. In addition, the chip developers of the new start-up electronics company are inexperienced, and Yu Youcheng needs to take a few hours a day to give lectures to dozens of people in the team like an apprentice.

Half of the time is spent studying and attending classes, and half of the time is spent on research and development. It's almost like a professor leading graduate students, not like a pure business project.

The theoretical source of the reduced instruction set originated in 1975 in the IBM research institute in New York, some scientists began to discuss the rationality of the instruction system, at that time, some people of insight have realized that the more and more complex instruction sets have inherent shortcomings, so they began to explore more compact instruction sets to improve the efficiency of chips.

In 1979, a group of scientists led by Professor Paterson also began to carry out this study at the University of California, Berkeley. First of all, in this kind of computer, the usage rate of various instructions varies greatly: 80% of the instructions used in the computation process of a typical program account for only 20% of a processor's instruction system.

In response to these shortcomings of CISC, Patterson et al. proposed the idea of streamlining instructions, that is, the instruction system should contain only a small number of instructions that are used frequently. and provide some necessary instructions to support the operating system and high-level languages. Computers developed according to this principle are called ReducedInstructionSetComputer-RISC. Abbreviated as RISC. Later, Paterson's team developed the Berkeley RISC chip, establishing its reputation as the father of RISC.

In the early 80s, there were quite a few teams that really developed RISC chips. The most powerful team, in addition to the team of Patterson, the father of RISC at the University of California, Berkeley, and Professor John Hennessy of Stanford University in the United States, is also independently engaged in the research and development of reduced instruction set chips.

John Hennessy later developed a chip that was more commercially successful, and its architecture was named MIPS architecture. It was in the 80s ~ 90s, as a high-performance chip, although, there was no place in the PC market. However, it has a good market share in the server market, Sony's home consoles, handhelds, and industrial markets.

It wasn't until later, with the advent of ARM chips, that the chip market for MIPS architecture shrank. And ARM chips beat MIPS, not because of performance, but more because of cheaper price. And the ARM chip was originally used in the mobile market, focusing more on energy saving and saving points. Later, the blowout of handheld terminals became the main reason for ARM's kingship.

But MIPS is also a far more efficient architecture than X86, and at present, the most mature reduced instruction set in the world may be MIPS.

Of course, Xinchuang Electronics will not completely purchase the authorization of MIPS, if it only buys patent authorization, it lacks the independent research and development process, and the technical upgrade route of the future chip cannot be independent.

Therefore, at Lin Qi's suggestion, Yu Youcheng communicated with John Hennessy in the United States by e-mail and fax machine, and sponsored a $500,000 grant from the John Hennessy team to agree to share the team's research and development results within the next two years.

Since John Hennessy's team was short of money, they readily agreed to a $500,000 sponsorship to share their R&D results within two years.

"Yu, I'm glad you're able to be a researcher in the Reduced Instruction Set camp, and what's even more surprising is that you're not stuck in the Reduced and Complex Instruction Set Portal...... Pipelining and adding cache to the CPU are groundbreaking ideas...... Of course, I have some similar architectural designs, which are very immature, but I hope they can help you......"

The fax machine began to spit out stacks of drawings......

In less than a month, the two sides have shared at least thousands of pages of technical drawings and materials with each other through fax machines!

In this regard, John Hennessy's team has been more helpful to Xinqiqi Electronics because of its earlier research and development time.

"Thank you so much!" Mr. Yu replied in an email.

"You're welcome, this is just an ordinary academic exchange. John Hennessy replied.

With the help of a part of the MIPS instruction set, Yu Youcheng's research and development has gradually progressed rapidly. Gradually, the reduced instruction set, codenamed "XRM architecture", grew bit by bit on Yu Youcheng's drawings......

It's not the final product, but it's ...... Yu Youcheng is already eager to see a sample of the chip to validate his design!

"Lithography machine!" Yu Youcheng grabbed Lin Qi's collar with red eyes and said, "There must be a lithography machine, at least a laboratory lithography machine with an accuracy of 1 micron!"

"You asked me for a lithography machine, where did I come from? I can't produce a lithography machine!" Lin Qi was grabbed by the collar, but he felt very happy.

Because, Yu Youcheng's appearance shows that research and development has made some progress......

"Buy!" Yu Youcheng said through gritted teeth.

"Where to buy it?" asked Lin Qi.

It can be bought in the 21st century, and it is very cheap, as long as hundreds of thousands of yuan, not only can it be used in laboratories, but also small and medium-sized chip companies have no problem in production.

But unless the world can't get it here, otherwise, he won't take such a big risk to buy a 21st century lithography machine, even if it is also 1 micron precision, but Nima's, the computer used to control the lithography machine, the chip in it is a big road commodity in the 21st century, but it is also tens of billions of floating point operations per second.

In 81, the world's most advanced supercomputer only had hundreds of millions of floating point operations per second.

The performance of a chip is dozens of times more powerful than a supercomputer and a computer the size of a building. This alone can already be regarded as alien technology by the world here.

Therefore, Lin Qi will not bring too advanced products to this world. Even if, in theory, the accuracy of the two is the same, due to the progress of the times, it is really not the same thing!