The netizen named Satoshinaka Moto sold a bunch of aco-less axe decentralization concepts to Atletico Madrid, and introduced a new idea, a centerless P2P network composed of a large number of computers, using complex algorithms to generate virtual currency, which exists on the network and in the user's hard disk in the form of public and private keys; every transaction will be stored by the distributed database of many nodes on the network, there is no central server and no bank, as long as it can be connected to the Internet, it can be operated at any time; as long as the private key in the hard disk is not lost, no one can steal it at willAt the same time, the limited amount of human mining can ensure that no one can artificially manipulate the value of the currency by issuing a large number of new coins.

However, Atletico Madrid has no interest in this kind of so-called forced Tcoin, B coin, which is determined to serve as a general equivalent and has no value in itself.

He felt that the Japanese should study "Capital" and "The Complete Works of Marx and Engels" well, and wait until they have figured out the sentence "gold and silver are naturally not money, but money is naturally gold and silver", and then it would be more reliable to design a new electronic currency.

And his reply to this netizen with a Japanese name is precisely the online purchase address of the English version of "The Complete Works of Marx and Engels" on Amazon.

Many things have been used as general equivalents in human history, from shells called treasures, colored stones, gemstones, seeds, fruits, cattle, sheep, livestock, furs, cloth, etc., all of which used to serve as early currency. Especially in the land of China, small shells have been used as currency for a long time, which can be seen from the shell characters on the words goods, loans, finance, debts, and accounts.

This is because as seashells, they have the advantages of scarce numbers, beautiful color and shape, wear-resistant, and similar size.

In the Bronze Age, the emergence of mining and metallurgical technology made people gradually regard the smelted products as general equivalent currency. This is because they have the advantages of high use value or ornamental value as metals, high density, small size, easy to carry, divisible and meltable, and not easy to damage. It is because of these advantages of the metal that they quickly became the new currency in circulation due to the limited production of treasures, and had their own exclusive name money.

Because of the advantages of natural non-oxidation, gold in nature mostly exists in the form of metal elements such as gold bars, even if human beings can not make thousands of degrees of high temperature to melt gold ore, but can smash natural gold sand gold particles into rough gold products to use. Gold may be the earliest metal to enter human society, is widely used in decoration and ceremonies, ancient Egyptian strokes show that as early as 4600 years ago, the ancient Egyptians have discovered and began to use gold, may be in thousands of years of use gold slowly accumulated early "brand value", and eventually with the help of these values naturally become the currency of the vast majority of civilizations and races in the world.

Silver is 15 times more abundant in the earth's crust than gold, and the vast majority of silver is pure in the form of compounds, but there are also small amounts in the form of metallic elements, which gave ancient humans the opportunity to discover and use silver. And because most silver is in the form of compound minerals, silver is mined and refined with a higher "technical content" and "labor cost" than gold, which only needs to be panned for gold, making early silver even more valuable than gold. Marx wrote in the Critique of Political Economy: "...... The mining of silver, on the other hand, presupposes mine labor and generally a relatively high degree of technological development. Thus, although silver is not so absolutely rare, its initial value is relatively greater than that of gold. ”

Gold, silver and copper were called "only gold three products" by the ancient ancestors, but with the development of social productive forces, the demand for total money is getting higher and higher, and the too rare gold and silver have given way, and the land of China has become the world of copper coins, but in the Song Dynasty, copper coins are also a little insufficient, so there are more iron coins and Jiaozi (early paper money). It was not until the Spaniards developed the silver mines in the Americas, and silver and copper ingots from Central and South America were transported to the Ming Dynasty in large quantities, and the Ming Dynasty had to issue treasure banknotes due to a shortage of money in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China

Finally, he gave up the tattered "Ming Pass Treasure Bank" and fully used silver and copper coins.

Then there was a hundred thousand taels of silver tickets that "Lord Wei" carried in his clothes, and there was no such thing as silver tickets before the Ming Dynasty, because there was too little silver at that time.

In Atletico Madrid's view, the so-called B currency designed by a Japanese netizen whose name may be Satoshi Nakamoto is the same as the Zhiyuan Pass Treasure Banknote and the Daming Pass Treasure Banknote, all of which are worthless waste paper, the only difference is that it has a total upper limit, and there is only 21 million at most in the world, which must be obtained one by one by solving complex mathematical problems through mining algorithms.

However, the limited amount of waste paper is still waste paper.

The paper money issued by the modern state, as a credit currency, is a currency that is forced to circulate by national laws and does not rely on any precious metal as the basis and independently performs a monetary function. The value of paper money is backed by the strength of the country, and the Federal Reserve's dollar became the world's first currency because of the American soldiers.

The setting of the fixed amount of currency without decentralization avoids the shortcomings of the bank's over-issuance of currency to manipulate the value of the currency, but it also makes the value of the currency lose the endorsement of the currency value by a strong institution, and whether it is worth or not depends entirely on the willingness of the people involved in the transaction, to be precise, the willingness of a large number of people who hold real currency.

Just like the once popular Gentleman's Orchid, orchid, stamps, old banknotes, old coins, and now cultural relics and calligraphy and paintings, their prices rise and fall entirely at the hands of speculators, and the result is even worse.

Of course, even if the junzi orchid and orchid have fallen from tens of millions of dollars to ordinary dust, they still have the use value of ornamental potted plants, and the value is still a little higher than that of "waste paper". The same old stamps, old banknotes, calligraphy, painting and artwork will still have more or less commemorative value, cultural relics value, and ornamental value, but as a purely virtual electronic currency, B currency does not have its basic value......

When someone is willing to buy it, maybe it can be worth hundreds of millions like the Guiguzi Xiashan porcelain jar, but when no one wants it, it's just a piece of junk data that takes up hard disk space.

It seems that because Atletico's reply was so sharp, the man never contacted him again. On the contrary, because of his reminder, Atletico Madrid also began to think about it, and had the leisure to imagine the future of P coin.

P coin energy coin, there is no doubt that it is valuable, this is an important difference between it and B coin, its value is the computing power represented by P coin, and the other difference is the "issuance" of P coin, P coin recovery speed is very fast, the recovery rate is very large, resulting in a very slow growth of the total stock of P coin in the whole network.

In fact, the current P coin is not a currency, it itself is more like a "computing power IOU" or a certificate of deposit, the bee borrows the user's contribution computing power to leave the growth of the P coin number on the account, and then packages the computing power into a variety of acceleration products to sell to other users or directly use it themselves, and then participates in mining during the afternoon and evening peak hours to output computing power or use bee coins to purchase the P coins issued by themselves.

In this sense, the reason why Atletico Madrid despises Satoshi Nakamoto's B coin is obvious, the typical "P share decides the head". His bee is now in the P currency system, which actually assumes the same responsibilities as a deposit and loan commercial bank. The bee borrows computing power and lends it to other users or other departments of the bee, relying on the "interest margin" to make profits.

Because it is only a commercial bank that deposits and loans, not a central bank that issues currency, there will be a phenomenon that the total number of P coins in the whole network is zero. Of course, the P coins in the hands of users other than the bees are still growing, and the increasing stock of P coins in their hands is essentially the unpaid computing power borrowed by the bees, and the bee has the responsibility to return the computing power she borrowed to the user, or compensate with bee coins (soft sister coins).

In fact, the so-called limited trading volume is the amount of daily outflow and inflow of P coins, and the bees strictly control the stock of P coins in the market in this way, and strive to ensure that the stock of P coins in the market are in the payment and cashing ability of bees.

Inspired by Satoshi Nakamoto, Atletico Madrid began to consider the development of P coins in the direction of electronic money, and the first thing that came to mind was that it could be overissued.

Bee's current operation of P coins is somewhat similar to that of early money banks, undertaking coin exchange and storage business, and the design of P coin issuance is really a bit conservative. In fact, considering that many people choose to exchange P coins for soft sister coins for withdrawal, the issuance can be appropriately liberalized. In 1999, the central bank once lowered the reserve requirement ratio for commercial users to a frenzied 6%, that is, depositors who saved 100 yuan could take 94 yuan to lend banks to lie down and eat the interest rate difference.

In this way, Bee can expand the total amount of P coins issued every day, in addition to marketing to other users in the form of acceleration services, the increased computing power is mainly reserved for its own use, so that Bee Technology can reduce the cost of hardware procurement while expanding its business scale, and embark on a special asset-light road.

Asset-light refers to the company's reduction of fixed assets, the development of technology, patents, copyrights, intellectual property rights and other virtual assets, and then the extension of the asset-light operation model, enterprises focus on the core business and brand, and outsource non-core business to reduce business scale and improve profit margins.

For example, OEM is a typical asset-light operation model, copycat mobile phone manufacturers are basically asset-light, core components are fully purchased, the main development work is bought ready-made solutions, and even the brand equity is really light to the extreme, which makes their product development costs and time-consuming greatly reduced, no wonder those large mobile phone manufacturers who invest hundreds of millions of billions can not compete with them.

However, the disadvantage of copycat mobile phones is that it is difficult to come out of the brand, even if the brand is out, its image will give people the impression of low-end cheap and poor quality, so it is not long-lasting, only suitable for making quick money, which also leads to the poor quality image of the copycat machine is more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

The so-called "fabless model" in the field of integrated circuits is also an asset-light model, the chip company is only responsible for designing the drawings of integrated circuits, not building chip factories, but choosing to find those professional wafer factories for foundry, so as to avoid the recovery problem of massive investment in wafer factory process upgrades, GPU giant female DIA Nvidia is a typical representative of this category, and the two major CPU giants Intel and AMD have their own wafer factories.

The advantage of fabless is that it eliminates the huge cost of developing chip manufacturing technology, and can use the ready-made technology of foundry fabs such as T**C and Samsung, but the disadvantage is that the ready-made technology is not necessarily the most suitable, and can only be reluctantly achieved.

Of course, the form of bees purchasing computing power through the P currency system is still different from the waferless model of chip companies, but it is more like the lawsuit-ridden 3 deer model, the regional computer room of the bee is equivalent to the milk station of 3 deer, and all mining computers are free-range cows. Of course, it is also possible to understand it as a crowdsourcing model similar to CTA.

There are only two or three wafer factories in the world that chip foundries can choose, and they will be bullied by other stores, while bees, CTAs and 3 deer can be bullied by customers, holding the pricing power and exploiting scattered suppliers at will.

However, in this way, although the income is more, the management problem is more troublesome, but fortunately, as early as the CTA period, the bee began to build the acceptance audit mechanism, accumulated rich experience and was selectively put into the P currency system, so as to effectively avoid the problem of water milk that killed 3 deer.

Although the confidential theft case of the 3 Deer Company is known as "broken", the impact is still continuing, and the information leaked by Atletico Madrid is a real company operating secret, and other competitors have begun to dig up and pinch the channel competition methods by studying these materials, and the recent reports of infant stone cases across the country from time to time have made the 3 Deer Company anxious. Although the relevant departments have firmly maintained their status as inspection-free products, insisting that the quality is qualified and worry-free, the public has begun to spontaneously resist returns.

The biggest disadvantage of asset-light operation is the problem of control, its own brand and technology, but little or no physical factory form, so that the asset-light company for product quality management is always unable to achieve a well-known understanding and control.

At this time, the best solution is to completely lighten it, completely give up the treatment, oh not completely give up the physical factory, and formulate strict quality inspection standards between the OEM companies, and insist that it is not a good product. Of course, this testing standard must be formulated strictly enough, otherwise it is likely to be useless and harm yourself.

For example, 3 deer are unlucky to be unlucky in strict testing in full accordance with national standards, and never test for protein that they know may exist, which annoys Atletico Madrid's indignation, pulling their ox tail and tossing hard.

Lying on his dorm room bed, Atletico closed his eyes and immersed himself in the virtual screen in his mind, a huge screen that occupies his entire "field of vision" and displays an entire map of East Asia.

The biggest advantage of the virtual screen is that it completely exempts the display and the eyes from the bottleneck of the two hardware products for the transmission of visual information, and the resolution of this super huge picture that appears in front of Atletico Madrid's "eyes" exceeds 40,000 by 30,000 pixels, with a total of 1.2 billion pixels, if it weren't for Atletico's current brain processing power is strong enough, such a high-resolution and detailed picture will be dizzy at a glance.

To be precise, what appeared in Atletico's mind was a 3D globe, and the huge resolution of the virtual screen allowed it to display fine 3D modeling, allowing Atletico to see the terrain and landforms of the entire planet, mountains, rivers, lakes, cities and villages listed on it, and there was a faint feeling of looking down on the world and mastering the universe.

Of course, Atletico Madrid is not looking at this super-large virtual earth for fun, you stand in front of the floor-to-ceiling windows of the skyscraper and look down at all the people downstairs, and I look down on you in the extraterrestrial space and you are also small under the clouds, he is actually working.

The seven white dots on the screen are the first batch of core computer rooms of bees, and the dozens of green dots are the regional servers of bees distributed across the country, and the small blue dots dotted around them represent one or more online bee pass users.

According to the IP address table and the user's registered address, the system automatically arranges the small blue dot of the logged-in user representative to a location near their home, and the user highlights of the same IP address will be superimposed on each other to produce a brighter blue dot, and the user dot with the same real address will be on the same building model.

Through this visual display, you can see various abnormal states at the first time and deal with them in time.

Of course, most of the time it is handled by a special person, although the resolution of their computer monitor is not as large as Atletico Madrid's virtual screen, but it can be made up with the number of screens, and the multi-person person on duty plus the software automatically handles it, and basically can be busy.

So he is actually still enjoying this feeling of overlooking all living beings, in fact, this earth is completely remade according to satellite map data, in terms of effectiveness, the public data three years ago has long been outdated, and satellite photos can rarely take human figures because of the long exposure time and resolution, but he still likes to come and see.

Although you can't see the real lights of thousands of homes, those small blue dots that flicker and glitter also represent active users, which can be regarded as the lights of thousands of homes in the virtual world.

Suddenly, Atletico Madrid's "eyes" looked in the direction of Shudu in the southwest, and a small lights-out area suddenly appeared in the northwest direction. Since there are five days a week in the university dormitory, the university dormitory has to implement a regular lights-out system, so that every night around the university concentration area will appear on time this phenomenon of small pieces of users disappearing, everyone vividly called it the lights-out area.

"Is there a power outage? or is the network out?" It's 2:28 p.m., so naturally it won't be caused by the lights out, and there doesn't seem to be any university in that direction.

Just when Atletico was thinking about what was going on, he saw that the lights-out zone on the virtual screen was rapidly expanding!

And it expands outward in an oval shape along the southwest and northeast directions!

If the network is cut off, the line should be extinguished block by block, but what appears in front of him at this moment is the blue dot on the edge of the lights-out area, some of which are quickly extinguished, and some "persist" for a second or two before disappearing.

Atletico knew that something must have happened there, so he quickly used the super administrator privilege to check the information flow generated by the user in that area just now, swept it at a glance, and soon saw the reason in the chat history: "There was an earthquake!"

Don't dare to hesitate, Atletico Madrid immediately clicked on the green dot 028 Shudu area server next to it, and sent a group message: "There is a suspected earthquake in the area, please take emergency evacuation measures immediately, it is best to leave the building or hide in the corner of the wall and squat down with your hands on your head!"

This message will be sent to all users connected to the 028 server at nearly the speed of light, and will continue to loop regardless of whether they are using the Bee Input Method or the Bee Browser. As for believe it or not, Atletico can't help it.

After sending it, Atletico breathed a sigh of relief, and they could only do it here.

He glanced feebly at the ever-expanding lights-out zone, which was expanding at a rate of several kilometers per second like a hell's mouth, devouring and extinguishing the shiny blue dots that approached one by one.

These extinguished blue dots may never light up again in the future. For mobile phone users, please visit http://m.piaotian.net