Although Atletico said that the invention of the double-sided usB plug was not favored by the manufacturer and seemed to have failed, at the mentor group guidance meeting on the second day, their undergraduate tutor Zhao Yunping praised it very much.

"Actually, Atletico Madrid, your invention is still very practical and marketable," Zhao Yunping said, "but you have found the wrong sales target." ”

"Huh?" Not only Atletico Madrid, but Liu Haiyang and other classmates also looked at Teacher Zhao in confusion.

"That's right," Zhao Yunping explained: "Atletico said that you found a U disk manufacturer of shallow shock, and it is already a usB connector manufacturer, but you still have to go to school, you should use other people to contact or contact remotely, right?"

"I asked a friend of Qianzhen to help find a manufacturer, and after he was blocked, I myself contacted a few by email later, but there was no progress. Atletico said truthfully.

Here's the problem, in fact, Atletico Madrid's positioning of this invention is very clear: add a small amount of cost, add a function that is not very useful to save a few seconds, more often can only appear as a distinctive functional highlight, the biggest use is actually to enhance the brand image. ”

"With such positioning, you should go to those manufacturers with brands, rather than looking for those OEM U disk manufacturers and accessories manufacturers in Qianzhen. ”

"Their OEM manufacturers themselves do not have their own brands, and they are in the U-shaped trough of profit distribution in the industrial chain, and they are most sensitive to costs and profits. ”

"Teacher, what is a U-shaped trough, isn't each link sold to the next company at a higher price according to its own profits?" someone asked.

Zhao Yunping did not go back directly, but turned around and walked to the blackboard behind him, picked up the chalk and spent a simple XY coordinate system, and then drew an inverted parabola, or U-shaped diagram on it.

He struck the arrow at the top of the vertical axis y with chalk, wrote the profit margin next to it, wrote the industrial chain on the horizontal axis x arrow, and then wrote the core components, secondary components, assemblers, wholesalers, and retailers on the X axis from left to right.

Only then did he turn around and explain: "This is the profit distribution in the production process of the vast majority of products, the profit margin of different links varies greatly, the two ends are high and the middle is low, everyone should pay attention to the Y axis in which the profit margin is not the total profit value." ”

"Isn't this a 'smile curve'?" asked Atletico.

"It's indeed a smile curve," Zhao Yunping said, "then Atletico Madrid, you can tell you what a smile curve is." ”

"Okay, if there's something you can't add," Atletico said, walking to the blackboard, "The smiling curve is a profit distribution theory proposed by Mr. Shi of Acer more than 20 years ago. The smile curve is divided into three sections: left, middle and right, the left section is technology and patent, the middle section is assembly and manufacturing, and the right section is brand and service, and the curve represents profit, the smile curve is low profit in the middle position, and the profit high position is in the left and right two sections, so the whole curve looks like a smile symbol. Mr. Shi put forward this theory to guide ACER to develop towards a more lucrative upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. ”

"In fact, not only in the field of personal computers, but also in many product fields, you can apply the smile theory, and you will find that the profit distribution of upstream patents, midstream manpower, and downstream brands is two high and one low. ”

Pointing to the bottom of the U-shaped curve, where the assembler is written, Atletico said: "People say high risk and high profit, but in fact, high threshold and high profit, risk is also a kind of threshold. The threshold for assemblers is the lowest, and any trained person can do VcD, DVD, and copycat mobile phones in the past. So this link is the most competitive, and their profit margins are naturally the lowest. There are even cases where the profit margin is 0 or even slightly negative. ”

Seeing Atletico Madrid stretching out his hand and pointing to the valley bottom pattern, Liu Haiyang asked: "This profit margin has become 0, isn't it a waste of work, can you still make money?"

"You can really make money with zero profit margins," Zhao Yunping said, "For example, the USB flash drive manufacturers over there that Atletico Madrid contacted before, many of them do not have their own brands, and they do not sell products to end users in the market." All of their products are exported cheaply, with better quality products to Europe and the United States, a little less Southeast Asia, and again Africa and India. Even if the profit margin of the manufacturer is very low or even none, the state has an export tax rebate policy or even export subsidies for export products, and the enterprise will make money when it gets the national tax rebate or subsidy. ”

"Regarding the specific principle and process of export tax rebates, you can go back and learn about it on the Internet," Zhao Yunping said: "Atletico Madrid, you continue." ”

Nodding, Atletico stretched out his hand and pointed to the bottom of the U-shaped pattern and nodded twice, saying: "Although the profit margin of the assembler is very low, but because of the low threshold and low risk of this line, many OEM manufacturers are produced according to the order, and they get orders from the wholesalers. ”

"And the same midstream assemblers, there are the kind of bed board factories with a few people, and there are also large OEM factories, both of which are at the bottom of the curve in the industrial chain, and the profit margins are close, but the total profit gap is very large. Excellent assembly plants can provide more stable quality products at the same price, can stably obtain orders to maintain good opening power, and finally slowly eliminate those trash fish enterprises, and eventually monopolize most of the orders, so the assembler does not look at the low profit margin, the total profit in it is not a lot. Moreover, labor-intensive enterprises are also one of the development directions to solve employment. ”

"As for upstream manufacturers, although their profit margins are much higher, various thresholds have also increased, including capital and technical thresholds for technology development, as well as patent thresholds and risk thresholds. You can't just watch thieves eat meat without watching thieves get beaten, not every technology provider can enjoy this high profit. For example, a few years ago, the DVD Alliance did not need to produce a single DVD, and if you sue the DVD manufacturer with the patent documents, you can take away billions of patent fees from our country every year. But this is also the alliance enterprises have spent more than ten years to cultivate the multimedia disc market, which is now a good day. Even if you look at the patent structure of the DVD Alliance, some of the basic patents were invented even earlier. The patent fee for maintaining such a large number of patents for more than ten years is a lot of money. So now patents are becoming more and more a game of capital, and rich companies can register patents when they have nothing to do, and maybe when they will run into a dead mouse and get involved with a promising technology, they can take the opportunity to join in and mix a long-term meal ticket. ”

"Isn't there already an eVD standard with independent intellectual property rights, why do you have to pay money to the DVD Alliance?" asked Liu Haiyang.

"eVD?" Atletico laughed and said nothing, just a "hehe" to sarcastically, the voice paused, Atletico explained: "With standards, there are products, just the first and second steps of the long march, and then there are two difficulties in large-scale mass production and promotion to consumers. Besides, eVD says that it is an independent intellectual property right, but if eVD wants to play DVD, it still needs to pay the DVD Alliance patent fee before it can use the chip that supports DVD decoding. Unless they want to produce eVD discs in order to sell eVD disc players, they also have to ensure that the disc is inexpensive and rich in content. ”

"However, eVD still uses a DVD disc with a capacity of 9gB, but the encoding format has been changed, and people on the island have begun to engage in hD-DVD and Blu-ray DVD. Sony just released the VaIoa notebook last month with a Blu-ray optical drive. A single-layer 12-layer Blu-ray disc has a capacity of 25gB, while a single-layer DVD of the same size has only 4. 7gB, double-sided D9 disc is only 9gB. ”

"The larger capacity of Blu-ray disc can make movies and games have better picture and sound effects, and it can also prevent piracy, domestic users 512K or even less average bandwidth, the next 30gB Blu-ray HD movie takes a week, no one has the leisure to hang BT for a week on the next movie. ”

"Haha!" everyone couldn't help but laugh. For mobile phone users, please visit http://m.piaotian.net