Ordinary people subconsciously think that scholars should study the Four Books and Five Classics for the imperial examination, but in fact, strictly speaking, this is not the case. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

There are also differences in the Four Books and Five Classics, among which the four books of "Analects", "Mencius", "University" and "The Mean" are compulsory courses, and all readers must study them thoroughly.

The Five Classics of Poetry, Calligraphy, Rites, Yi, and Spring and Autumn are elective courses, and those who intend to take the path of the imperial examination only need to learn one of them, and do not need to study all of the Five Classics. Wen Tianxiang has a poem "hard work encounters a classic", which is what it means.

Therefore, when readers ask "what is the classic", the meaning is often to ask the other party which scripture they have learned, and then lead to the topic from here.

The reason why I don't ask about the Four Books and the Five Classics is probably because there is no difference between studying the Four Books, and if the Five Classics are different from each other, it may be easy to find a topic to talk about.

Regarding this question, Fan Hongdao, as a scholar with a reputation for showing talent, certainly knows how to answer. still replied truthfully: "I have read the Spring and Autumn Period." ”

Shen Yongmao squeezed out a little kind smile, and said with a slight bow: "The sage's pen sharpens the Spring and Autumn Period, which contains subtle words and great righteousness, and the ancient and modern sages can even lead the Spring and Autumn Period to break the prison matter, you have to understand it carefully, and you should have something to gain." ”

This is completely the tone of the old-timers encouraging the juniors, although Shen Yongmao is seven or eight years older than Fan Hongdao. Clever people understand that this meeting and conversation are coming to an end.

Fan Hongdao felt more and more deeply that this meeting was one word from beginning to end: perfunctory. In other words, Shen Yongmao didn't take himself seriously at all.

Even when he commented on "Spring and Autumn" to encourage himself, he heard the calloused words in his ears, and he didn't care at all.

I don't know what others will think, anyway, Fan Hongdao feels that he is quite aggrieved today. He thought for a while and replied: "The seniors didn't think so. ”

Shen Yongmao was slightly surprised, not wanting to have some accidents in the routine drill. It stands to reason that Fan Hongdao should only promise a few words at the end of his studies, but the actual answer is almost a contradiction.

Fan Hongdao continued to reply: "A Spring and Autumn Period is just a history book of the Spring and Autumn Period, no different from ordinary history books.

Although Fan Hongdao's words are literally simple, they involve one of the most profound academic issues, that is, the difference between economics and history.

The so-called difference between classics and history means that the Four Books and the Five Classics should be treated as scriptures, or as ordinary history books?

This is not just a matter of picking out words, but also involves the fundamental line distinction of academics. If it is regarded as a scripture, it is the truth, and if it is treated as a historical book, it is the material for critical reading.

Of course, in the current environment, the view of taking the scriptures as history is still non-mainstream, and even Wang Yangming, who claims to be close to the sage, does not dare to completely reverse it.

Shen Yongmao is just an ordinary level of reading, not a profound scholar, from it to the top of the Jinshi, it is inseparable from his father's influence.

At this time, he suddenly heard Fan Hongdao's point of view, and he couldn't answer for a while, so he could only say vaguely: "You seem to have heard this discussion, the former sage Wang Yangming seems to have said that the Five Classics are also history." ”

Fan Hongdao observed his words and looks, and knew that Shen Yongmao was not very good at the theory of scripture and righteousness, so he secretly smiled coldly, and what he wanted was this effect.

In fact, he is not an expert, just an ordinary liberal arts student, but the research views of later generations are so vast that it is still possible to copy a few sentences and suppress ordinary readers.

So he struck while the iron was hot: "Wang Yangming talked about the history of the Five Classics, but he couldn't explain it deeply. In my opinion, "Spring and Autumn" is only the history of the Spring and Autumn Period, and the "Book of Songs" and "Book of Books" are only the history since the two emperors and three kings.

And the "Book of Changes" tells the world where the Book of Changes came from and where the history came from. The way of heaven has changed repeatedly, and it has changed very much, and it is not possible to stick to the rules. Therefore, it is said that the Five Classics are all history!"

Shen Yongmao was stunned, only to feel that this Fan Hongdao was too rebellious, and what he had learned from elementary school was not like this at all.

But let him systematically criticize Fan Hongdao, and he couldn't organize the theory for a while.

At this time, Shen Dagongzi felt quite faceless, and 10,000 grass and mud horses roared past in his heart. Today is just a formality, to get rid of the idlers who came to mingle with their faces, how did they get these bottles and cans!

But it was not good to be silent, and finally he subconsciously asked: "Then in your opinion, what is the meaning of the scriptures?"

Fan Hongdao laughed a few times and replied disdainfully: "Since the Zhao and Song dynasties, the Four Books and Five Classics and Zhu Zi's annotations have become sacred truths and are enshrined as eternal classics.

In fact, the scriptures are only the truth and basis of Taoism, and they are the root cause of all false phenomena. More specifically, it is just a stepping stone to the imperial examination. ”

After answering, Fan Hongdao's momentum gradually rose, smiling without speaking, and looking at Shen Yongmao with bright eyes.

In fact, if you want to talk about academic interest, Fan Hongdao may not have much interest. At this time, he deliberately talked about the issue of scripture and history, and even did not hesitate to throw out slightly radical views in this year, the main purpose was just to show off his skills.

After these few rounds, it is obvious that Shen Yongmao is clumsy, and his theoretical level cannot keep up with Fan Hongdao's high-level talk, so he can't help but be a little embarrassed.

This circle is essentially a scholar who flaunts and pretends to be a scholar, no matter how much there is a difference in fame, wealth, power, and status, as long as the skills are inferior to others in reading, it is definitely not a matter of face.

However, although Shen Dagongzi is not a scholar who is proficient in the scriptures, under the influence of his father, there is no problem with emotional intelligence. So he immediately realized that this was Fan Xiucai's intention, which was a small counterattack to his own neglect.

Shen Dagongzi has a family history, and his basic demeanor is still there, so he arched his hand and said: "Talking about it today, there are many benefits, and I will ask for advice in the future!"

This means that the is over, the success or failure of right and wrong is empty, and now it is time to send off guests!

Fan Hongdao got up and stood with his hands in his hands, looking at the sky with his eyes (this is an open hall, you can see the sky outside when you sit inside), and said lightly: "I visited today, just because I heard that Shen Xiangguo had a heart disease, and he came to the door to treat his heart disease."

Shen Yongmao felt that Fan Hongdao's appearance at this time was like a magic stick in a novel, and he smiled dumbly: "My father has any heart disease, Fan Friend don't listen to it." ”

Fan Hongdao sneered: "I heard that Puzhou Zhang Xianggong's mourning is almost full, isn't this a heart disease?"

Shen Yongmao's face changed when he was on the board, showing a little faint ruthlessness, and he shouted lightly: "You dare to say that such a heart disease can be cured?"

The so-called Zhang Xianggong of Puzhou is naturally the Zhang Siwei introduced above, and he is obviously a sensitive person in the Shen Mansion.

After Zhang Juzheng's death that year, the position of first assistant did not do anything, and Zhang Siwei took over. But Zhang Siwei only worked for a year, so he went back to his hometown to mourn, and then he had the opportunity to be the first assistant.

Now that Zhang Siwei is about to return to Beijing after mourning, the biggest question is, what official position should the former first assistant Zhang Siwei reinstate?