The Dashun army led by Li Zicheng captured Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen committed suicide and martyrdom in Coal Mountain. Wu Sangui, a Ming general stationed at Shanhaiguan, surrendered to the Qing army, and Dolgon commanded the Eight Banners to enter the customs at the same time, taking Wu Sangui as the leader, defeating the Dashun army and occupying Beijing. In the same year, Emperor Shunzhi moved the capital to Beijing and offered sacrifices to the ancestors of heaven and earth, indicating that he was the monarch of all China.

Then the Qing army marched south to exterminate the peasant army, and the landlords and bureaucrats in the north colluded with the Qing army to suppress the peasant army. At the same time, some Ming Dynasty remnants in the south successively supported the establishment of imperial power, known as the Southern Ming Dynasty in history, in addition to Li Zicheng's Dashun regime and Zhang Xianzhong's Daxi regime.

The remaining troops of the Dashun army, together with He Tengjiao, the governor of Nanming Huguang, and the governor of Hubei, blocked Yinxi and joined the Ming to resist the Qing Dynasty, defeated the Qing army in Quanzhou, and almost recovered the entire territory of Hunan in the following year. Jin Shenghuan in Jiangxi and Li Chengdong in Guangzhou successively went to the high point of the first anti-Qing struggle, but the Yongli regime could not unite against the enemy, giving the Qing army a chance to breathe.

He Tengjiao and Qu Shiyun sacrificed successively. Li Dingguo led an army of 80,000 soldiers out of Guangxi, captured Guilin, and then invaded Hunan and Guangdong. Liu Wenxiu also attacked Sichuan, Kefu southern Sichuan, and the anti-Qing troops such as Zhang Huangyan on the southeast coast also launched an offensive, and the anti-Qing struggle once again appeared at a high point.

At this time, the contradiction between Sun Kewang and Li Dingguo broke out, destroying the good situation. After Sun Kewang surrendered to the Qing army, the reality of Guizhou, Yunnan was known to the Qing army. Due to the large anti-Qing forces in South China, the Qing Emperor canonized Wu Sangui, Geng Zhongming and Shang Kexi as kings to guard Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong and Fujian, and was known as the Three Domains in history. Wu Sangui led the Qing army into Yunnan, Emperor Yongli was killed, and the Southern Ming perished.

Qing Shizu Aixin Jueluo Fulin, the ninth son of Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty, ascended the throne at the age of six, and the year name was Shunzhi. began to be the regent of the emperor's uncle Dolgon, and until the seventh year of Shunzhi, Dolgon died in his own power.

During the seven years of Dolgon's regency, the Qing court sent troops to pursue the peasant rebel army of Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong's peasant rebel army and the anti-Qing forces of the Southern Ming Dynasty, and implemented high-pressure policies such as shaving hair and changing clothes, enclosing land.

After Dolgon's death, Shunzhi began to get rid of his puppet status, and imposed posthumous punishments on Dolgon, such as cutting off the title, removing the temple title, and confiscating his family wealth. In order to strengthen the imperial power, he abolished the old practice of the princes Baylor in managing the affairs of various ministries, and adopted a series of measures to ease ethnic contradictions, such as stopping the enclosure of land and relaxing the law on fugitives. Although Shunzhi wanted to do something and was quite attracted by the Central Plains culture, after all, because a strong political force led by him had not yet formed around him, he lost the contest with the old ministers of the court who opposed the sinicization.

Political frustration caused Emperor Shunzhi to indulge in love with his younger sister-in-law Dong E, who remarried Emperor Shunzhi and became Concubine Dong E. With the interaction with the Buddhist monk Mu Chen Tao and others, he had the idea of escaping into the empty door. When his beloved concubine Dong E died, his mental support completely collapsed, his health deteriorated, and at the age of 24, he contracted smallpox, and soon died.

In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi, Shunzhi's favored imperial concubine Dong Eshi died, he was very sad, not only dropped out of the dynasty for five days, but also promoted her to the queen, and called Xiaoxian Zhuang and Zhide Xuanren Wen Hui Duanjing Empress. Legend has it that half a year later, Shunzhi saw through the red dust, escaped into Wutai Mountain in Shanxi Province in the first month of the following year, and cut his hair to become a monk.

In fact, Shunzhi's favorite concubine Dong E is not Dong Xiaowan, because when Xiaowan is high, it is the year when the ancestor falls to the ground. Dong Xiaowan's husband Mao Bijiang wrote "Memories of Yingmei Nunnery" clearly wrote that Dong Xiaowan died in the eighth year of Shunzhi, when countless celebrities at home and abroad hung each other with poems, and Shizu was only fourteen years old at this time, and it was impossible to accept Dong Xiaowan as a concubine. Moreover, Dong Xiaowan is a Han Chinese, and she is by no means the concubine Dong E of the Manchurian Eight Banners.

Among the concubines of Emperor Shunzhi, there are many Dong E, one is the queen of filial piety, which is the most well-known concubine in history as the favorite concubine of Emperor Shunzhi, Concubine Dong E. Dong E, born in Prince Rong, died early, Shunzhi was established as a virtuous concubine in the thirteenth year, and in August he planned to promote Dong Eshi as the imperial concubine.

The second is the concubine Dong E, the first-class Adhaha Panpadu woman, the martyred ancestor, and the holy ancestor was posthumously crowned as the imperial concubine. The third is Concubine Ning Dong E, who was called Concubine Concubine in Shizu, a son, Fuquan.

Shunzhi was first influenced by Catholicism, the scholar Fan Wencheng introduced the Jesuit priest living in Beijing, the Qintian prison supervisor Zheng Tang Ruowang, this missionary quickly won the favor and admiration of the young monarch Shunzhi because of his high knowledge, and because the Empress Dowager Wen of Xiaozhuang once recognized Tang Ruowang as his father-in-law, so Shunzhi called Tang Ruowang Marfa, that is, the meaning of grandfather.

The Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang arranged for the queen to be selected, and the Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang decided to choose a concubine for her son in her mother's house, and without consulting her son, she asked the regent Dolgon to come forward as a matchmaker and hire her own niece, the daughter of Wu Keshan, the prince of Zhuoliktu of the Horqin Department, as the queen. In the eighth year of Shunzhi, the Forbidden City was decorated with lanterns and held a grand emperor's wedding ceremony.

However, after the marriage of Emperor Shunzhi, he was still unwilling to accept the marriage arranged by his mother, and lived in another side palace and did not meet the queen for a long time.

In the tenth year of Shunzhi, Emperor Shunzhi officially issued the decision to abolish the post-abolition. Eight months later, the Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang hired the daughter of her nephew Xuanerji and her niece as Concubine Shunzhi, and later became the queen, known as Empress Xiaohuizhang in history. In less than four years, the emperor was about to be deposed again, and he was going to be replaced by his beloved Concubine Dong E.

The queen mother resolutely refused to allow it, and Concubine Dong E couldn't afford to kneel for a long time, and asked Emperor Shunzhi not to abolish the queen, otherwise the concubine would not dare to give birth. Emperor Shunzhi gave up stupidly. Shunzhi believed in Buddhism, and due to the encouragement and instigation of the eunuchs, the twenty-year-old Shunzhi summoned the Buddhist monk Han Pucong, and since then he has developed a strong interest in Buddhism, and gradually alienated himself from Catholicism.

After that, the southern monks Yulinxiu, Mao Xisen, Mu Chenxian, and Xuanshuigao were successively summoned to Beijing to discuss the scriptures and talk about Buddhism in the palace. Shunzhi good Buddha, the palace is enshrined in Mu Chenxian, Yu Linxiu two Zen masters, the chapter has the dust hidden Taoist, lazy man, idiot Taoist and other titles. He once said to Mu Chentao: "May the old monk not regard me as the Son of Heaven, but treat him like a disciple of the Brigade." ”

Due to the regent of Dolgon, Shunzhi suffered from the life of a puppet emperor for many years, and due to the discord with the empress, Shunzhi's married life had an unsatisfactory period, which made him negative and misanthropic for a while. When Dong E's appeared, Shunzhi fell in love with each other and stirred up the waves in his life.

Because of this, when the only prince born to the favorite concubine Dong E died, Emperor Shunzhi actually asked Yulinxiu to give him a legal name, but he refused at first, and obeyed after begging bitterly. Later, in his seal, there were names such as Dust Hidden Daoist and Idiot Daoist. Emperor Shunzhi was devout to Buddhism, and every time he preached the scriptures and explained the teachings, even Dong E's family also went from not believing in Buddhism to believing in Buddha under his influence, until he ended up calling the Buddha's name.

Emperor Dong E's concubine died of illness in Chenggan Palace at the age of twenty-two, and was posthumously named the queen after her death.

The infatuated Emperor Shunzhi was grieved by the early death of the noble concubine, and he was looking for death and life for a while, and he was clamoring to become a monk for a while. And ordered that more than 30 people in the Chenggan Palace, including eunuchs and palace maids, be given to death, in order to prepare for the imperial concubine Niangniang to serve in the Yin Cao Prefecture, so many lives were martyred, causing a rare tragedy in the Qing Palace, and for a time the Forbidden City was dark.

After Concubine Dong E's sudden illness and death, Shunzhi was in pain, and all thoughts were lost, and finally the idea of escaping into the empty door was germinated, and he ordered Mao Xisen to cut his hair for him and decided to become a monk. Fortunately, Yulinxiu arrived in Beijing, heard about it, ordered someone to get firewood, and wanted to burn his disciple Mao Xisen, and the Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang Wen tried her best to dissuade Shunzhi to reluctantly agree to regain his hair and keep the custom.

He had long had the idea of cutting his hair to become a monk, and a few days before announcing his death, he also asked his most favored internal supervisor Wu Liangfu to go to Minzhong Temple to cut his hair and become a monk. Shunzhi and Empress Xiaohui were quite incompatible, and as soon as the favored Dong Eshi died, he took refuge in the Pure Land under the pretext of death, which is the reason why some people think that Shunzhi became a monk.

It is said that Emperor Kangxi went to Wutai Mountain four times, the first three times were to see his father, and every time he arrived, he must remove the people who were waiting around him to visit the peak alone. When he went for the fourth time, Shunzhi was already dead, and Kangxi was very sad when he saw the scene, and wrote poems to mourn.

"When I went to the cool realm again, the rock rolled up and drooped. Fang is ashamed and introspective, and the skinny bones are sad for a long time. The anointing rain follows the festival, and the frost cherishes the time. Manjushri is in color, and I hope that the ghosts and gods will know. ”

It is also said that during the Kangxi period, the two palaces hunted in the west, passing through the north of Jin, and the local could not prepare the imperial utensils, but the inner court utensils were found on Wutai Mountain, so the Shunzhi monk had more sufficient evidence.

Emperor Shunzhi is an infatuated emperor, belonging to the kind of person who does not love the country and loves beauty, and pursues pure love, which is better than his father Huang Taiji. He is dedicated to love and is willing to abandon everything for his beloved, even to die for her.

Therefore, Dong E's early death made him see through the red dust and lose all his thoughts. He wanted to die for his concubine, but naturally he couldn't, and in traditional society, as an emperor and a high hall, it would be unfilial to seek death. Neither can die, but also want to escape the empty door, wish to clear the ancient Buddha, accompany him for life, in order to seek spiritual liberation, but there is the queen mother worried, want to go with the old monk monk, but also failed to make the trip, the crown is still on his head, death is not good, and refuge in Buddhism is not good. Since then, Shunzhi has been in a slump and depressed all day long.

Because Emperor Shunzhi was obsessed with Buddhism, when his most beloved died of illness and the ruthless reality of the blow, he became pessimistic and misanthropic, hoping to escape into the empty door in order to seek spiritual liberation. He had ordered Mao Xisen to cut his hair and shave his head, determined to become a monk, the Empress Dowager of Xiaozhuang tried every means to persuade her, and ordered someone to urgently summon the monk Yulinxiu to arrive in Beijing, Yulinxiu heard about it, while scolding the disciple Mao Xisen, on the other hand, he ordered someone to get firewood, if Maoxisen dared to introduce the Shunzhi Emperor as a monk, he would be burned to death.

Helplessly, Emperor Shunzhi reluctantly agreed to grow his hair and stay vulgar, and Shunzhi became a monk, so he had to order his cronies and eunuch Wu Liangfu to be a stand-in and enter the Minzhong Temple to practice.

Shunzhi once again affirmed his desire to become a monk, and after Yulinxiu's persuasion, Shunzhi gave up. The so-called looking at each other and laughing is naturally because of a bald emperor and a bald monk, because although Shunzhi is allowed to grow hair, he feels ridiculous at this time.

After that, the emperor entrusted himself to the hands of the monks, and he cut off his hair with his own hands, and he would have become a monk if it had not been for his rational queen mother and John Tang to stop him. Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty decided to become a monk and shaved his hair, but he failed to become a monk.

Although Shunzhi was young, his body was always weak and sentimental, and the early death of his concubine caused great damage to his body and mind, and as a result, Dong died of illness only half a year before he contracted the incurable disease at that time - smallpox, which was called pox at that time.

Emperor Shunzhi was suffering from pox, and he knew that his fate was on the horizon, and the arrangements for the future were urgent. Since the early Qing Dynasty had not yet established a perfect system of establishing a prince, and since the sons under his knees were still young, and there was no adult prince, who was the heir? In the end, he summoned the missionary John Tang, who he and his mother, the Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang, trusted very much.

Although he is a foreigner, his words can play a pivotal role in the minds of Shunzhi's mother and son, and Tang Ruowang thinks that the third son of the emperor, Xuan Ye, can be established as the crown prince. Because of the six sons of Emperor Shunzhi at that time, the eldest son and the fourth son had died, except for the second son Fuquan and the third son Xuanye, the four infants were just babbling and were still in infancy.

Although Fuquan and Xuan Ye are both concubines, one was born to Concubine Ning and the other was born to Concubine Tong, but Xuan Ye was loved by his grandmother since he was a child, and he must have known the situation to John Tang. And the more convincing reason is that Xuan Ye has already had smallpox, and the second son Fuquan has not yet been born, and he will inherit the throne in the future. Therefore, Shunzhi adopted his opinion and was also praised by the kings and ministers.

Emperor Shunzhi reigned for less than 18 years, died in the body of Tianlong, Yunding, Tongjian, extremely Yingrui, Qinwen, Xianwu, Dade, Honggong, Shengren, Chun Xiaozhang Emperor, the temple number is Shizu, and the ashes are buried in the filial piety tomb of the Qing Dynasty in Zunhua. Some people say that Shunzhi did not die, but became a monk, which is not in line with the facts, and Shunzhi is still dead. Emperor Shunzhi was sick with smallpox, and the Qing court also forbade folk fried beans.

Emperor Shunzhi suddenly fell ill and became seriously ill, and the next day, he summoned Wang Xi to the Palace of Nourishing Heart and said: "I am suffering from pox, and it is no longer good, you listen to my words carefully and write an edict quickly." ”

Wang Xi retreated to the west fence under the Ganqing Gate, wrote the "Edict" according to Shunzhi's intentions, and submitted it immediately after writing one. One day and one night, three visits, three times. Shunzhi died that night, and Emperor Shunzhi was cremated after his death, presided over by the monk Xisen, and Emperor Shunzhi was indeed dead, not a monk.

After the death of Emperor Shunzhi, he was cremated and buried, which was the first and last emperor after the Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains. Shunzhi's urn was sent to Zunhua Xiaoling for burial, and the little emperor Xuanye wanted to go to his father's funeral, but because of the long distance, he was persuaded by the empress dowager and the ministers of the kings to give up. Since then, Shunzhi has been in the dust for a while, and finally stayed with the person he loved.

After the death of Emperor Shunzhi, according to the decree of the Empress Dowager and the will of Emperor Shunzhi, the eight-year-old Xuan Ye inherited the throne, and Xuan Ye was the Emperor Kangxi.