Sun Quan, with the assistance of Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao, stabilized the situation in Yangzhou, and sent troops to capture Jiangxia and behead Liu Biao's general Huang Zu. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

Cao Cao heard that Sun Quan's power was growing and Liu Biao's strength was weak, so he led his army to the south quickly, intending to seize Jingzhou immediately. Liu Biao, the pastor of Jingzhou, died of illness at this time, and his second son, Liu Cong, who was still a minor, surrendered to Cao Cao immediately after ascending the throne.

Liu Bei, who was originally attached to Liu Biao, led the army to urgently evacuate the garrison Xinye, fled to Jiangling, and was defeated by the Cao army that caught up in Dangyang on the way to escape, which was the battle of Changsaka, and then obtained the eldest son of Liu Biao, Liu Qi, to take a boat to Xiakou. Sun Quan sent his subordinate Lu Su to contact Liu Bei, and Liu Bei also sent Zhuge Liang to Jiangdong, and the two sides decided to form an alliance against Cao after discussion, and the Sun-Liu coalition army was established with a total of about 50,000, with Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the chief and deputy governors.

At this time, the Northern Army led by Cao Cao and the Jingzhou Army claimed to have 1 million people, but in fact about 150,000 to 230,000, and the two sides confronted each other across the Yangtze River at Wulin and Chibi. In the end, Zhou Yu took advantage of the terrain and wind to defeat Cao's army with fire, and Cao Cao retreated to the north and appointed Cao Ren to guard Jiangling. This battle is known as the Battle of Red Cliffs, and the defeated Cao Cao lost the opportunity to unify the world, and this battle also promoted the formation of the prototype of the Three Kingdoms.

After the war, Sun Quan launched a counteroffensive with Liu Bei, and Sun Quan married his sister to Liu Bei in order to get closer to Liu Bei. Zhou Yu had wanted to send troops to attack Yizhou, but he died of illness shortly after arriving in Baqiu. In the end, Sun Quan followed Lu Su's advice and lent Jiangling to Liu Bei, confirming that he had been given the four counties of Jingnan and supervised Jingzhou, thus being able to unite against Cao Cao.

At this time, in order to prevent the invasion of Zhang Lu and Cao Cao, Liu Zhang, the pastor of Yizhou, invited Liu Bei to Shu despite the opposition of the ministers. Liu Bei led the army to enter Shu with Pang Tong, Huang Zhong, Wei Yan and others, and continued to buy people's hearts, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang, and launched the Battle of Yizhou. Zhuge Liang began to lead Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun into Shu to help, and used Guan Yu to defend Jingzhou, after which Liu Bei successfully captured the city, but Pang Tong died of an arrow during the siege. Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang and other allied forces surrounded Chengdu and successfully forced Liu Zhang to surrender and occupy Yizhou.

Zhuge Liang, whose name is Kong Ming, was the prime minister of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period, a famous politician, military strategist, and inventor in Chinese history, and a native of Langyayang, Xuzhou, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

When he was young, he studied in Nanyang County, and was called Wolong and Fulong locally. Later, he was invited by Liu Bei to go out of the house, which played a decisive role in promoting the Sun-Liu alliance and establishing the Shu Han regime. Zhuge Liang was knighted as Marquis of Wuxiang, assisted Liu Chan, and became the actual political and military leader of the Shu Han Dynasty.

Zhuge Liang led the army to the Northern Expedition to Cao Wei five times, and died of illness in Wuzhangyuan during the Fifth Northern Expedition. Later generations often called Zhuge Liang Marquis Wuhou and Zhuge Wuhou. Zhuge Liang devoted his life to the best of his life and died, and is a representative of loyal ministers and wise men in traditional Chinese culture.

From the fall of the Great Star of Wuzhang Plain, the history of nearly 30 years completely revolved around Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is wise and close to demons, and in folklore, Zhuge Liang is even more clever.

However, in fact, most of Zhuge Liang's legendary military exploits are fictional by the author, and some even plunder the beauty of others. The famous Battle of Chibi, in addition to the story of the grass boat borrowing arrows to pass on Sun Quan, the wonderful plots such as the tongue battle group Confucianism, the wisdom of Zhou Yu, the bitter meat plan, and the borrowing of the east wind are all fictional by the author. Zhuge Liang in history is a politician with outstanding achievements, but he is not much commendable in military affairs, and he is far from using soldiers like a god as portrayed in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

Liu Bei is the protagonist of the burning of Bowangpo, and in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Cao Cao sent the general Xiahoudun to attack Xinye. Zhuge Liang set up an ambush in Xinye, ordered Zhao Yun to lure the enemy deeper, and then attacked, Xiahou was defeated and returned. Zhuge Kongming fired the first shot after the mountain, which also convinced Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others. However, in history, this incident occurred in the seventh year of Jian'an, when the battle of burning Bowangpo was carried out, Zhuge Liang was still ploughing in Nanyang, and he did not go out of the mountain until the twelfth year of Jian'an.

After Liu Bei defected to Liu Biao in Jingzhou, Liu Biao sent Liu Bei to garrison Xinye to resist Cao soldiers led by Xiahou Dun, Yu Ban, Li Dian and others Yu Bowang, and the two armies held each other for a long time. In the end, Liu Bei ambushed the soldiers on the side of the road, and burned the camp to escape, Xiahou did not know that there was a deception, and led the troops to chase him, which was broken by the ambush soldiers, although Liu Bei won, but Cao Bing did not lose much.

Both Shengyu and He Shengliang's historical injustice, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" describes Zhou Yu as a jealous and narrow-minded person, he is more intelligent than his own Zhuge Liang, and he does everything possible to murder him, and he will want to get rid of him quickly, but he turned against Zhuge Liang's plan, until he was dying, he still issued a long sigh of both Shengyu and He Shengliang. The novel is very vivid about the series of wits and fighting methods between Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang before and after the Battle of Chibi, which is extremely vivid, and exerts Zhuge Liang's position to the extreme.

In fact, Zhou Yu in history is not only outstanding in appearance, elegant and elegant, and pays attention to the taste of life, but also an outstanding general with a strategic mind, brave and good at fighting, and has repeatedly performed miraculous feats. Sun Quan praised him for having Wang Zuo's qualifications, and he still remembered when he was called the emperor, and he was not Zhou Gongjin alone, not the emperor. Historians also call him an assertive and outstanding.

As for his strength, it can be described as tolerant and generous, Liu Bei once talked about Zhou Yu with Sun Quan, and also said that he has a lot of energy. The so-called three-qi Zhou Yu is just a novelist's fabrication, but it has become the biggest unjust case after Zhou Lang for hundreds of years.

Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang did not have a festival in the official history, nor did they go head-to-head, from the end of the Battle of Chibi to Zhou Yu's death in the two years, Zhuge Liang engaged in logistics work in the Lingling area, and did not meet Zhou Yu at all. And after Zhou Yu died of illness, it was Pang Tong who came to mourn from Shu State, not Zhuge Liang.

The empty city plan that is difficult to distinguish between true and false, the famous empty city plan in history, appeared in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", during the first Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang learned that the street pavilion was lost, and immediately made arrangements for the retreat of the army, and personally led the 5,000 troops to Xicheng to carry grain and grass.

Suddenly, it was reported that Sima Yi's 150,000 army was coming to Xicheng, at that time Zhuge Liang had no generals around him, only a group of civil officials, and the 5,000 troops led by him had been divided into half to transport grain and grass, and there were only 2,500 soldiers left in the city, and it was impossible to fight or withdraw.

Zhuge Liang was calm and calm, but he ordered the flag to die down and open the city gates, and only 20 soldiers were used for each gate, pretending to be ordinary people, and sprinkling and sweeping the streets. Zhuge Liang himself wore a crane and a scarf, and sat on the railing in front of the enemy tower in the city, burning incense and playing the piano, with only two children around him, one holding a sword and one holding a tail. When the Wei army came to the city, they did not dare to enter. Sima Yi suspected that there was an ambush and ordered the army to retreat, and Zhuge Liang's army turned the danger into a disaster, and the bizarre story is incredible.

The record of the empty city plan in the history books begins with the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", and the narrative is roughly similar to the romance. Examining historical facts, Zhuge Liang never refused to defend the Wei army at Yangping Pass, and Sima Yi never went to Yangping Pass to fight Zhuge Liang, and the two were more than a thousand miles away, so it was impossible to engage in an engagement. Sima Yi later used troops against Zhuge Liang three times, the first time with Cao Zhen and others to attack Shu in three ways, but the two sides did not make contact; the other two were Zhuge Liang's last two northern expeditions, when he refused to fight against Weinan in Qishan in the Wei realm, and his footprints did not reach Yangping Pass.

Since Sima Yi raised 150,000 troops, and knew that Zhuge Liang's troops were few and weak, if he suspected that he had ambush troops, he could set up a defense to confront him, so why bother?

Wooden cattle and horses are both fake and true, Zhuge Liang made wooden cattle and flowing horses, saying that this kind of transportation means to carry grain and rice, it is very convenient, cattle and horses are not water and food, and they can be transported day and night. When Sima Yi heard the news, he sent someone to rob a few horses, but who knew that Zhuge Liang sent someone to mix in the transport team in the costume of the Wei army, and secretly twisted the tongue in the mouth of the wooden oxen and the flowing horse, and the cattle and horses could not move. Such a magical means of transportation is now considered an ingenious masterpiece, because "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is so wonderful that many people think that the so-called wooden cow and flowing horse are purely made up by novelists.

However, checking the history books, Zhuge Liang did make wooden cattle and flowing horses. One opinion is that the wooden ox and the flowing horse are ordinary wheelbarrows improved by Zhuge Liang, and the wooden wheelbarrow is called the deer cart in the Han Dynasty, and Zhuge Liang is called the wooden ox and the flowing horse after being improved, and the name of the wheelbarrow appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Seven capture of Meng Shu, after Liu Bei's death, the barbarian king Meng Shu united the surnames of the southern counties to rebel, they attacked the city, the border area of Shu and Han was disturbed, and the people's hearts were in turmoil. In order to consolidate the rear of Shu Han and contend with Cao Wei with all his might, Zhuge Liang personally led the Sichuan army to the south.

He adhered to the strategy of attacking the heart first, and repeatedly captured Meng Huo, a total of seven times, and finally conquered Meng Huo. This arrogant and untamable barbarian king led his wife, brothers and sworn friends, and bowed down in front of Zhuge Liang and swore to the sky: "Prime Minister Tianwei, the southerners will not rebel." "The Seven Captures of Meng Huo is a special chapter in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which has been popular and widely circulated for thousands of years.

Zhuge Liang's southern expedition is indeed a historical fact, and even the seven captures of Meng Shu are also recorded in historical records. After Zhuge Liang arrived in Nanzhong, he won successive battles. He learned that Meng Huo was very popular in the local area, so he designed to capture him alive, but Meng Huo was not convinced. Zhuge Liang let him go and let him fight again. As a result, Yu was captured seven times in a row before he was truly convinced.

Zhuge Liang sent troops from Chengdu in the third year of his later reign, arrived at Dianchi Lake in the autumn of that year, and completely quelled this large-scale rebellion. Zhuge Liang crossed Lu to Dianchi Lake, it only took five or six months, how can it be so delayed.

From the Sichuan Basin to the central part of Yunnan, the distance is more than 1,000 kilometers, and it is all rugged and difficult to travel Shu Road. In ancient times, when transportation conditions were very backward, it took more than three months for the southern expedition army to spend on the road alone. In the remaining three or four months, the Shu Han army also put down rebellions in several other places. In this way, the time used to quell the rebellion in the Yizhou area was only two or three months at most, and it was impossible for either Zhuge Liang or Meng Shu to organize as many as seven battles.

The grim situation also did not allow Zhuge Liang to calmly engage in any seven captures and seven verticals, and when Zhuge Liang marched south, it was the autumn of the critical survival of the Shu Han regime. Liu Bei's expedition to the east was burned by Lu Xun, and the country's elite was completely lost, and his vitality was greatly damaged. In the north, the powerful Cao Wei was in the dark, and the east finally restored good-neighborly and friendly relations with Soochow, and a large-scale rebellion broke out in the rear.

For Zhuge Liang, it was imperative to put down the southern rebellion with lightning speed, and then immediately move north to deal with Cao Wei, Shu Han's number one enemy. So even if Zhuge Liang had full confidence that Meng was repeatedly captured, he would not do so because he was known for his prudence all his life.