After the fall of Beijing, Shi Kefa and others supported Zhu Yousong, the king of Fu, in Nanjing, and established the Hongguang regime, that is, the Hongguang Emperor, after the death of the Hongguang Emperor, Zhu Yihai, the king of Lu, served as the supervisor of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and Zhu Yujian, the king of Tang, was proclaimed emperor in Fuzhou, Fujian, that is, Emperor Longwu, under the support of Zheng Zhilong and others.

The news that Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself on a coal mountain reached Nanjing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty, and the ministers of Nanjing were in a panic. They set up an imperial family that fled to the south, the blessed king Zhu Yousong, as the emperor, and established a regime in Nanjing, which was called Nanming in history and Zhu Yousong as the Hongguang Emperor.

Hongguang Emperor Zhu Yousong was a man who was obsessed with wine and was extremely absurd, and Ma Shiying, the governor of Fengyang, and a group of Wei Zhongxian's remnants took advantage of Emperor Hongguang's mediocrity to manipulate the Nanming regime. Emperor Hongguang and Ma Shiying didn't want to resist the Qing soldiers at all, and lived an absurd and happy life.

Shi Kefa, the military secretary of the Southern Ming regime, originally did not approve of making Zhu Yousong the emperor, but in order to avoid causing internal conflicts, he reluctantly agreed. After Emperor Hongguang ascended the throne, Shi Kefa took the initiative to ask to go to the front to command the army.

At that time, there were four Ming armies on the north bank of the Yangtze River, called the Four Towns, and the generals of the Four Towns were all arrogant and domineering soldiers, who divided the territory, fought with each other, and indulged the soldiers to kill the people. Shi Kefa had high prestige among the southern soldiers, and when he arrived in Yangzhou, those generals had to listen to his orders. Shi Kefa personally went to those generals and persuaded them not to kill each other, and then assigned them to garrison around Yangzhou, and he sat in Yangzhou to command, and everyone called him Shi Inspector.

Shi Kefa became a supervisor, set an example, shared weal and woe with the soldiers, and was loved by the soldiers. On Chinese New Year's Eve of this year, Shi Kefa sent all the soldiers to rest and left alone in the official mansion to review official documents. In the middle of the night, feeling mentally tired, he called the cook on duty and ordered food and drink.

The cook replied, "In accordance with your order, all the meat in the kitchen will be distributed to the soldiers for the festival today, and there will be no food for the wine at all." ”

Shi Kefa said, "Then take some salt and soy sauce and go to the bar." ”

The cook sent wine, and Shi Kefa drank wine on the table, Shi Kefa's amount of wine was originally very large, and after coming to Yangzhou to supervise the teacher, he quit drinking. On this day, in order to raise his spirit, he made an exception to drink a little, as soon as he picked up the wine glass, he thought of the coming national disaster, and thought of the corruption of the imperial court, his heart was depressed, and he shed tears while drinking, and unconsciously drank a few more cups, and fell asleep on the table with a little drunkenness.

Early the next morning, the civil and military officials of Yangzhou went to the governor's yamen to discuss matters according to the custom, only to see that the gate was still tightly closed. Everyone could not help but wonder, because the Inspector usually got up very early, and then a soldier came out and told everyone, "The Inspector drank wine last night, and he has not woken up yet." ”

Ren Minyu, the prefect of Yangzhou, said: "The superintendent is overworked on weekdays, and it is really rare to sleep so well last night." Don't alarm him, let him rest for a while. ”

He also called the person who played the watch, and asked him to repeat the drum of the fourth watch, and beat the drum of the fourth watch, indicating that the day was not yet dawn. When Shi Kefa woke up, it was already dawn, and when he heard that the watchman was still playing the fourth watch, he couldn't help but be furious, and called the soldiers in and said, "Who is there to beat the drum and violate my military order." ”

The soldiers said what Ren Minyu commanded, but Shi Kefa had nothing to say, so he hurried to meet the officials and deal with official business. From the day of the fight, Shi Kefa made up his mind not to drink anymore.

Not long after, the Qing army, under the leadership of Duoduo, marched south, and Shi Kefa commanded the generals of the four towns to resist and won some victories. However, there was internal strife within the Southern Ming regime, and Zuo Liangyu, the general of the Ming army stationed in Wuchang, raised troops to attack Nanjing in order to compete with Ma Shiying for power. Ma Shiying was so frightened that he hurriedly withdrew the troops of the four towns of Jiangbei to deal with Zuo Liangyu, and asked Shi Kefa to lead troops back to Nanjing in the name of Emperor Hongguang to protect him.

Shi Kefa knew that the Qing army was pressing the border and should not leave, but in order to calm the internal strife, he had to take the troops back to Nanjing, just crossed the Yangtze River, knowing that Zuo Liangyu had been defeated, he hurriedly returned to Jiangbei, and the Qing soldiers had approached Yangzhou. Shi Kefa issued an urgent message, asking the generals of all towns to gather in Yangzhou to guard, but after a few days, none of them sent troops to rescue. Shi Kefa knew that he could only rely on the military and civilians of Yangzhou to fight alone.

When the Qing army arrived at the city of Yangzhou, Duoduo first sent people to the city to persuade Shi Kefa to surrender, and sent five people in a row, all of which were rejected by Shi Kefa. Duoduo was annoyed and angry, and ordered the city of Yangzhou to be tightly surrounded.

The city of Yangzhou was in dire straits, and some timid generals in the city were afraid. The next day, a general soldier and a supervisor carried Shi Kefa on their backs, led their troops and horses, and went out of the city to surrender to the Qing army. As a result, the city's defenses were even weaker.

Shi Kefa gathered all the officials of the city, encouraged them to work together to resist the Qing army, and assigned the task of defending the city, he analyzed the situation, and believed that the west gate was the most important line of defense, so he personally led the troops to defend the west gate. Seeing that Shi Kefa was firm and composed, the soldiers were very moved, and said that they must work with the supervisor to resist to the death.

Duoduo ordered the Qing soldiers to attack the city day and night, and the Yangzhou army and people fought bravely to fight back the Qing army's attacks again and again. A group of Qing soldiers died, and another group came, and the situation became more and more critical.

Duoduo was ruthless and began to attack the city with artillery, and when he heard that the west gate was the most heavily defended, and that it was Shi Kefa himself who defended it, he ordered the gunners to bombard the northwest corner. One by one, the shells fell at the west gate, and the city wall gradually collapsed, and finally the gap was blasted open.

Shi Kefa was directing the army and civilians to plug the gap, and a large number of Qing troops had already rushed into the city. Seeing that the city could no longer be defended, Shi Kefa pulled out his saber and wiped it on his neck, and the generals who followed rushed forward to hug Shi Kefa and snatched the knife from his hand. Shi Kefa still didn't want to go, and the generals even persuaded him to protect him out of the small east gate, at this time, a group of Qing soldiers came over, and when they saw Shi Kefa wearing the attire of a Ming Dynasty official, they shouted and asked who he was?

Shi Kefa was afraid of hurting others, so he shouted: "I am Shi Inspector, you can kill me quickly!" Yangzhou City fell, and Shi Kefa was killed.

Duoduo was angry because the Qing army besieging the city suffered great casualties, and he ordered the people of Yangzhou to be killed in a dehumanized manner. The massacre lasted for ten days before it ended, and history calls this tragedy the Ten Days of Yangzhou.

After the massacre, Scotta's adopted son, Stilwell, went into the city to find Scotta's body. Because there were too many corpses, they were rotting in the heat, and they couldn't be recognized, so they had to bury the robes and used wat boards worn by Shi Kefa before his death on the Meihua Ridge outside Yangzhou City, which was Shi Kefa's clothed mound.

A few days after the fall of Yangzhou, the Qing army broke through Nanjing, the officials of the Southern Ming regime surrendered, those who fled, and the Hongguang regime was eliminated.

The Qing soldiers continued to move south, and also issued a shaving order, forcing the people to shave off the front half of their hair and leave a braid within ten days according to the customs of the Qing people.

This further aroused the resistance of the people in Jiangnan, and the soldiers and civilians of Jiangyin, under the leadership of Yan Yingyuan, withstood the heavy encirclement of more than 200,000 Qing soldiers and held out for more than 80 days. None of the men, women, and children in the city surrendered, and the Qing army suffered heavy casualties. The soldiers and civilians of Jiading persisted in the struggle against the Qing Dynasty for three months, and were slaughtered three times by the Qing army, sacrificing more than 20,000 people.

After the fall of the Zhoushan Islands, Zhu Yihai, the king of Lu, accompanied by Zhang Mingzhen and Zhang Huangyan, went to Xiamen to rely on Zheng Chenggong, and soon died of illness in Kinmen. Emperor Longwu repeatedly discussed the Northern Expedition, but because he could not get the support of Zheng Zhilong, he died without a problem.

The Qing army captured Zhejiang and Fujian, the king of Lu fled overseas, and Emperor Longwu was captured and martyred on a hunger strike when he fled to Jiangxi in Tingzhou, Zheng Zhilong surrendered to the Qing army, but was imprisoned by the Qing court because his son Zheng Chenggong rebelled against the Qing. Zhu Yujian's younger brother Zhu Yulu was supported by Su Guansheng and Gu Yuanjing in Guangzhou, that is, Emperor Shaowu, and was defeated by the Qing general Li Chengdong at the end of the same year.

Zheng Zhilong, known as Feihuang, nicknamed Yiguan, has the title of General Feihong, and is a native of Shijing Township, Nan'an, Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian, China. In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, he was a merchant and pirate who was active in southern China and Japan, and was known for his armed maritime group, Yiguandang, who originated in the Hirado Domain of Japan, and was the father of Zheng Chenggong, the founder of the Dongning Kingdom in Taiwan.

He was baptized by the Catholic name Nicholas, believed in the sea god Mazu and the Buddhist Taoist Morichi Bodhisattva, and also worshiped the Shinto god Hachiman in Japan. Zheng Zhilong moved his base from Japan to Bengang, Taiwan, and shortly thereafter, the Dutch landed on the island and expelled other forces that had used the island as their base.

Zheng Zhilong then settled on the mainland coast with his wife, and had the most powerful armed forces and commercial teams along the coast of Fujian at that time, roaming the Taiwan Strait, and crushing the Dutch fleet off the coast of Nanjinmen, Fujian, giving the Ming Dynasty control the merchant ships of various countries on the sea routes.

In the first year of Chongzhen's engineering department, Yan Jizu wrote: "The pirate Zheng Zhilong, who grew up in Quanzhou, gathered tens of thousands of people, helped the rich and the poor, and the people were not afraid of officials but pirates. ”

Zheng Zhilong led the Eighteen Zhi from Taiwan to attack Quanzhou, breaking the fleet of Fujian in the Ming Dynasty, and Beijing was shaken. In the early years of Chongzhen, the governor of Fujian recruited pirates, Zheng Zhilong was recruited to join the Ming Dynasty government, accepted the recruitment of the governor of Fujian, and garrisoned the coast for the Ming court to prevent pirates and Dutch attacks.

The fourth governor of the Netherlands, Pettmans, saw the greater interests of the Dutch when he reaped a great deal of productive interest when he ruled Taiwan. Originally, the main purpose of occupying Taiwan was to use Taiwan as a springboard and relay station for trade with China.

Now the goal has been achieved, and considerable benefits have been obtained, but the thought of being able to monopolize the Chinese market will be able to obtain incomparable beauty, and suddenly Sangwangshu is confused. Therefore, it was decided that China's foreign trade should be monopolized by the Dutch, and that the Spaniards and Grapevines should be forbidden to intervene in trade with China, so that the Dutch could monopolize it.

Therefore, after Putmans presented his exclusive interests to the Dutch East India Company in Batavia, Batavia immediately approved and supported it with the strongest force, and decided to use force against China in order to achieve a monopoly of the market.

The United Dutch East India Company, seeing the huge interests in front of it, did not hesitate to go to war with China, forcing China to ban the Spaniards and the Grape from purchasing from China. If this matter were to be fought against Spain and Portugal, the outcome would be unpredictable, and if China was to attack with advanced artillery weapons, the fast warships with excellent performance would be nine out of ten, so eleven warships were sent to the command of Putmans, as well as the flagship Fort Middle, and a junk ship, the Dog.