Yang Rui took out a Montblanc from the drawer, patted his head before putting down his pen, and said, "You go and make a copy first, so that I don't mess it up." ”

"It's okay, you can paddle as you like. Gu Qiang's attitude is extremely well-behaved.

"It's better to make a copy, keep a foundation, and compare it later. Yang Rui persevered.

Gu Qiang had no choice but to make copies as he said, looking at the hundreds of pages of experimental design, a little reluctant. It was not that he was reluctant to write experimental designs, but that he was reluctant to copy paper and ink.

Today's photocopiers are all made from Japan, and the price of the machines is not only expensive, but the consumables are even more expensive. When Yang Rui was working on test papers in school, he organized mimeographs.

For ordinary materials, everyone also uses the method of copying, and tries not to waste consumables such as copy paper.

At this time, I naturally can't wait to copy it.

Gu Qiang stubbornly printed a copy of the experimental design he wrote, and when he returned it to Yang Rui, he said: "In the future, I will find someone to copy these things, it is too expensive to print, and the paper is a few cents a piece." ”

"It's not expensive to find someone?"

"For work-study students, 10 yuan a month is enough. Gu Qiang said as a matter of course.

10 yuan is a lot, and now in many rural areas, the annual cash income of a family is less than 120 yuan.

If students eat in the cafeteria, 10 yuan can ensure that they have a full stomach, and they also bring a little meat.

Yang Rui ignored this stubble, looked down at Gu Qiang's experimental design of the printed version, took off the cap of the pen as he spoke, and said: "If you can save office expenses, you should save a little, let Director Xu worry about it, don't waste your time on this, the laboratory wants you to produce, not to save." ”

"What saves is output. Gu Qiang whispered.

"If you can complete the project of in vitro culture within two months, then the real output will be the result. Yang Rui's red pen crossed Gu Qiang's experimental design, and three circles were circled on the first line.

Gu Qiang was both shocked by the red mark, and shocked by what Yang Rui said, and couldn't help repeating: "Two months?"

"The progress of Wang Liangcai's research group will also be accelerated. Yang Rui doesn't say why, everything is in plain sight.

The corners of Gu Qiang's mouth twitched twice, knowing that Yang Rui must have also been involved in Wang Liangcai's research.

Come to think of it, it is impossible for Yang Rui not to intervene.

From the beginning of the cloning project to the present, Wang Liangcai and Gu Qiang's group have been busy competing and experimenting, and Yang Rui has not stopped thinking.

Now, he is speaking out about his considerations, which will naturally help improve the progress of the project.

However, in two months, the subject of in vitro culture had to be made from scratch, but Gu Qiang was not confident.

"I thought I would have more time. Gu Qiang said cowardly.

Yang Rui smiled, picked up the pen again, and began to draw red circles.

On the first page alone, he drew a dozen red circles, almost unrecognizable.

Gu Qiang secretly took a breath before lowering his head and looking at the place that Yang Rui had drawn out.

The term "in vitro fertilization embryo" is circled and crossed, and the oxygen consumption next to it is circled and no other changes have been made.

Further back, Gu Qiang saw the circle drawn by Yang Rui on the word "densification" and the circle drawn on "culture medium".

Gu Qiang finally knew why Yang Rui let him make a copy.

In this way, the whole experimental design is unrecognizable.

If you don't leave a baseplate, you really don't know the specific content of the original.

"I would like you to focus on embryos after the blastocyst stage. But the main points that you need to pay attention to are not only that. Yang Rui saw that Gu Qiang was watching, and he didn't seem to have been hit too much, so he gave an explanation by the way while drawing circles and forks, and said: "The culture of cloned embryos, if you want to refer to the culture system of in vitro fertilization embryos, I don't approve of it." ”

Yang Rui's pen clicked twice on the red cross and said: "Of course, everything should be based on the judgment of the front-line researchers as the first criterion, but from my personal understanding, the direct use of the original system without analysis is likely to result in a waste of energy instead of saving time." ”

"Do you think cloned embryos will be different from normal embryos?" Gu Qiang couldn't help but be a little surprised.

Leaving aside theological things, scientists have a very clear understanding of embryos and other reproductive bodies, and believe that cloned embryos should be no different from normal embryos. Otherwise, why would cloning cause so much controversy?

Therefore, in the process of in vitro culture, Gu Qiang naturally adopted the same technical scheme as "test-tube baby" and "test-tube cattle".

Yang Rui put the pen down and said, "I don't think that cloned embryos will be essentially different from normal embryos, but of course they are different. First of all, the cloned embryos we obtained were developed from egg cells with very little cytoplasm, and they were congenitally defective. Secondly, the oocytes have been soaked in a variety of manipulation solutions, such as the sucrose solution, which we currently know, can have adverse effects......"

Yang Rui's voice was steady, and he said, "All in all, cloned embryos are non-normal embryos, and if you use normal embryo culture methods, there will likely be problems." ”

He said that he was guessing, but in fact, Yang Rui was sure that it would go wrong.

This is also a difficult point in in vitro culture.

More problems will arise with the poor development of oocytes.

In short, in order to change the nucleus of the egg cell, the operation of scientists has caused great harm to it, and in vitro culture is to make up for this damage.

For example, if a weight of 5 catties is regarded as the minimum standard weight of a newborn, it is not easy to survive Newton, which weighs 2.7 at birth. The modified cloned oocytes, which are equivalent to a child weighing about 0.5 pounds, are unlikely to survive under natural conditions.

In order to let it develop normally, it is no longer the problem of whether to feed Sanlu milk or whether to afford imported milk powder.

Of course, if you can't afford imported reagents, this oocyte can't be raised.

Gu Qiang was shocked by Yang Rui's detailed explanation, and couldn't help but ask in a low voice: "You have done an in vitro culture project before?"

"When we did the embryo transfer of cattle, we did some preparatory research. Yang Rui said.

Gu Qiang was full of suspicions, although the embryo transfer of cattle also carried the word embryo, but it was an order of magnitude different from the problem he was facing now.

Not to mention, the funds for the in vitro culture of cloned sheep have to be spent to millions of dollars. The remaining resources of Gu Qiang's group before basically all had to be transferred.

What about the embryo transfer of cattle? Even with the implicit investment of companies such as China Animal Husbandry, the total does not add up so much.

Gu Qiang licked his lips and asked, "When you do the embryo transfer of the cow, you want to do cloning." ”

Yang Rui glanced at Gu Qiang with a smile, but did not answer, and pointed to the experimental design with a pen, and said: "Next, it's the details of the experiment, I have some ideas, for your reference?"

You say. "Gu Qiang's attitude is positive.

"Judging from the data, adding various additives to the basal nutrient solution should also be able to improve the development of cloned embryos. Yang Rui didn't say anything detailed, and said: "We started the culture from the cell embryo, and we are going to face the blockage of embryonic development." ”

Embryonic development blockade refers to the phenomenon in which the embryo develops to the four-cell stage and stops developing. This is mainly related to the activation of the embryonic genome.

Today, without the Genome Project, there are many different attempts to break this blockade.

Yang Rui didn't elaborate, but in Gu Qiang's experimental design, he drew two circles and said: "Adding fallopian tube fluid to the culture medium and co-culturing with fallopian tube epithelial cells, these two schemes, I am more in favor of." You can try it first. ”

"Okay. Gu Qiang nodded again and again.

"The culture medium is also an important point. You have to keep a good record of your experiments, a complete record of your experiments. Yang Rui specially reminded.

A clear formulation is very important for the culture medium.

Of course, scientists today are not aware of this, because no one has started cloning yet.

In later generations, if there is any part of cloning that is the most complicated and threshold, it is not the technique of egg peeling, but the preparation of the culture medium of the embryo.

Yang Rui thought about it and decided to help Gu Qiang reduce his burden a little more, so he said: "From my personal feelings, I think the more promising additive of the culture medium, fetal bovine serum, we have already used it before. Epidermal growth factor, this is a new thing, you should try it. Insulin, growth factors, antioxidants, anthocyanins, I think they can all be considered. In addition, oxygen is also important. ”

"Okay. Gu Qiang simply recorded it, and he didn't have a clue for the time being.