Chapter 196: A Tang Dynasty Woman
Women in the Tang Dynasty wore fashionable clothes and wore a lot of revealing clothes, and the upper-class women at that time wore a lot of revealing clothes, but the ordinary people were still very conservative in their dress. The low-cut and backless clothing of the pen www.biquge.info is too expensive, and it is estimated that ordinary women cannot afford it.
Li Tang was from Longxi, belonged to the descendants of Xianbei, and incorporated a large number of ethnic minority customs into his life, and these royal family members were limited by the influence of traditional Confucianism, but the common people with Han blood were influenced by Confucianism for nearly a thousand years, and could not fully accept the behavior of the ruling class. Therefore, just because the royal women are dressed in a lot of revealing clothes, it cannot be assumed that the lives of the common people are the same.
To what extent were the upper-class women of the Tang Dynasty open? Tang poems often wrote about this kind of scene of walking everywhere, and Qingxue described this kind of style with pink breasts and half-concealed suspicions. At first, this kind of collar with a very low neckline was only popular among court concubines and kabuki people, and later wealthy ladies rushed to follow suit. What's even more exciting is that this kind of underskirt fabric with a low neckline is generally a leno fabric, that is, only a light gauze covers the body, and the degree of transparency can be imagined by yourself.
In the Tang Dynasty, the queen wore a robe when receiving the canonization, assisting the sacrifice, and participating in the court meeting, the color of the clothes was dark cyan, there was a small and bright bird pattern of Hui Zhai, the collar was black and white, and the cuffs and edges were decorated with red Luo. The waist wears a large belt, and the color is also dark cyan. Put makeup on your head, put twelve flowers on your head, and make your temples wide. Speaking of topless breasts, the large blank space on the lady's chest is ironclad proof that the Tang woman is good at topless.
The skirt of the Tang Dynasty is a wonderful flower of ancient Chinese clothing, the upper skirt is only down to the chest, and the lower skirt is only tied to the chest, so the chest becomes the junction of the upper and lower clothes, which is a foreshadowing for the chest or something. At first, the skirt of the Tang Dynasty until Tang Xuanzong was narrow sleeves, and after Tang Xianzong, large-sleeved wide clothes began to be popular. In the summer, women often walk naked because of their loose clothes, but they don't seem to mind being seen by other men except their husbands.
Perhaps because the clothes were too wide and outrageous, and the three hundred and sixty degrees were gone without dead ends, Tang Wenzong was furious with his daughter Princess Yan'an's fat coat and dress, and immediately scolded Princess Yan'an, and even punished the horse: "Your daughter-in-law is showing so much outside, does the family know?"
The exposure of women's clothing in the Tang Dynasty is not unlimited, even the open emperor can't stand it, let alone the common people, it can be seen that the style of big buns and wide clothes is not the pursuit of the entire Tang Dynasty.
Whether it is a big beauty or a small beauty, they all put their crisp breasts high, for fear that they are not dazzling enough and not towering enough. Men are not welcome, they don't look at white, they don't look at it, they look at it in vain, and their eyes should be full of white flowers.
The beauties of the Tang Dynasty were beautiful in plumpness, but the most beautiful place was not the face but other places, and the subtle beauty of the East seemed to be debatable, and the Tang Dynasty had been very civilized. In the Tang Dynasty, topless clothing was natural, beautiful, fashionable, and noble. Probably influenced by the lineage of Li and Tang Beiren, the Tang Dynasty should be the most open-minded dynasty in ancient China, and the so-called dirty Tang Dynasty is an implication of the unprecedented freedom of the Tang Dynasty to ignore human ethics and morality.
It is said that women in the Tang Dynasty were the most open, so when it came to divorce, were they also so free? Women in the Tang Dynasty were more open, they loved if they wanted to, and they divided if they didn't. Is this really the case? Are women in the Tang Dynasty really so free to divorce? Compared with the Ming and Qing dynasties in which the archway of chastity crushed people to death, the divorce of the Tang girls was indeed much freer.
If you want to go home to take care of your parents, you can divorce your husband, you can divorce if your husband is sick, you can divorce if your husband is too poor, and you can ......divorce if your husband is too good-looking. There are many reasons for divorce, but there are actually only three ways to divorce.
Harmony and separation, harmony and separation basically belong to a peaceful breakup, so that they can get together and disperse. After the two discussed it, the husband wrote a letter of divorce, the content of which was roughly what he hoped you would marry better and better, and the relatives of both sides would make a witness, and then the government would stamp a seal, and the divorce would take effect. After the divorce, the wife was generally allowed to take the dowry away, and in the Tang Dynasty, the matter of reconciliation and divorce was quite common. The reason for divorce is often personality incompatibility, so it is no problem for a woman to find a husband after divorce.
But although some claim to be peaceful, there are also those who are not very peaceful, which is equivalent to the wife divulging her husband. Du Fu's poems are close to her husband, and Hedong's daughter is surnamed Liu, and she writes a story about a Hugh husband.
Miss Liu's husband Wang Jiyou is a nerd, so poor that he can only sell shoes, so Miss Liu reconciled with him. After being dumped by his wife, this old man was greatly stimulated and began to study hard, and finally turned out to be the top student in high school. This story is a happy ending, seeing that her husband is so promising, she doesn't have to sell shoes, and Miss Liu remarried her ex-husband again.
For women, the negative impact of harmony and separation is small, but the initiative is still in the hands of men, no matter how strong a woman is, if her husband refuses to write a letter of harmony and divorce, and the government refuses to seal it, it is also in vain. So is there a divorce method that the husband must agree to and the government must enforce?
Yes, that's righteousness. In the Tang Dynasty, there was no need to write a divorce document, and the government directly forced the divorce. One is Romeo and Juliet, where the two families have a mortal enmity, and the other is when the wife commits domestic violence against her husband, which is called righteousness.
As soon as I saw the word domestic violence, my eyes lit up, it turned out that a woman in the Tang Dynasty could get a divorce as long as she beat her husband hard? But don't rejoice too early, the law of the Tang Dynasty stipulated that a wife would beat her husband and be exiled for one year, and if she was injured, she would go to jail. Even exile is very miserable, in ancient times, there was a lack of medicine and medicine, and a woman had to lose half her life if she didn't die.
Abandonment, if righteousness is not good, then you can only try to be deliberately suspended, this is no way. The girls all know that in ancient times, there were seven divorced wives, childlessness, adultery, unfilial piety, tongue, theft, jealousy, and evil diseases. If he commits any of these crimes, his husband can divorce his wife, and the Tang Dynasty is no exception.
There is an official named Li Zhenxiu, once his wife scolded her husband's concubine, and her mother-in-law heard it, which is bad, because this mother-in-law is also from a concubine. The mother-in-law was very unhappy: "Hmph, you look down on the concubine, don't you also look down on me?" So Li Zhenxiu simply divorced his wife neatly, on the grounds that he was not filial.
If the wife wants to divorce, the most convenient way is to take the initiative to commit these seven articles, ask the husband to write a letter of divorce, the couple and both parents sign, and the neighbor helps to press a handprint, and the matter is over. So can you divorce your wife if you don't commit these seven rules? Actually, when Tang Gaozong wanted to make Wu Zetian the empress, Minister Xu Jingzong went around helping to create public opinion: "The old peasants have to change their wives if they have collected more than a dozen loads of grain, let alone the Son of Heaven?"
It can be seen that it is not uncommon for men in the Tang Dynasty to divorce their wives because they dislike their wives for being old and ugly. Of course, there are also those who kicked to the iron plate, Li Yuanyuan, the descendant of Li Mi, the boss of Wagangzhai, married a girl surnamed Wang when he was a petty official, and later he developed and doted on the concubine, so he found an excuse to divorce the Wang family. Forget about the divorce, what's even more excessive is that this scumbag actually let Wang out of the house.
The old Wang family rolled up his sleeves and fought with him, and sued the emperor in a fit of anger, and the emperor not only dismissed Li Yuan's official, but also ordered him to return all his wife's dowry to the Wang family. Li Yuanyuan was empty of both people and money, and became the laughing stock of the masses after dinner.
However, for women, the reputation of being divorced is very poor, which often means that there is a problem with character, which seriously affects remarriage, so if a Datang woman wants to divorce, the best way is to divorce.
Why is Miss Liu's divorce so free? It is because the Liu family is a big family in the Tang Dynasty, and the family is Bai Fumei, of course, she can leave if she wants to, and she can remarry if she wants to. As for that Wang girl, her mother's family is even better, the Taiyuan Wang family, the family has produced several prime ministers, generals and queens, otherwise you think the emperor has nothing to do? If you change to a woman with no background, you can only think that she is unlucky like Li Zhenxiu's wife.
The Tang Dynasty once published a number of legendary novels, many of which were gossip stories about the love of men and women. What is interesting is that the literati of the Tang Dynasty actually gossiped about the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and asked the Weaver Girl to leave the Cowherd and go to the world to have a tryst with the lover.
The lover asked the Weaver Girl: "Does the Cowherd know that you have gone down to earth alone?"
But the Weaver Girl said, "What's the matter with him?"
The royal family is chaotic and immoral, and the Li Tang royal family has always been filthy. After Tang Taizong Li Shimin ascended the throne, he took the wife of his deceased brother Li Yuanji as his own, and made his brother-in-law his concubine Yang. After Li Yuan rebelled against his father, brother and son, Li Ming, the king of Lujiang, and after Li Shimin killed him, he included his wife in the harem to accompany him.
Tang High School Li Zhi had an ambiguous relationship with Li Shimin's talented Wu Meiniang when he was the crown prince, and after succeeding to the throne, he made his mother-in-law the first lady. Tang Xuanzong Li Longji took his daughter-in-law Yang Yuhuan as his concubine, and the number of courtesies in the palace is the same as that of the queen, which can be said to be the love of his daughter-in-law.
There are also Wu Zetian, Princess Taiping, Empress Wei, and Princess Anle, these two pairs of mother and daughter openly keep male pets and filthy palaces; Princess Gaoyang has an affair with the monk and gives the maid to her husband, which seems to be an exchange.
The entertainment of prostitutes has become a trend, and the royal family is so ugly, it is inevitable that it will be effective to go up and down, resulting in the prevalence of prostitute entertainment in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty was a prosperous period of prostitution in ancient times, and the system of teaching prostitutes was formed, and palace prostitutes were prevalent.
At the beginning of Tang Taizong, there were 3,000 palace maids, but when Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty arrived, there were 8,000 maids of the first emperor and 3,000 beauties in the harem. Among them, the court prostitutes in Yichun Yuan have the highest level, because they often perform for the emperor and are called insiders. In the Tang Dynasty, whether it was the official government ushering in the send-off, the banquet ceremony, or the officials gathering to chant poetry, and enjoy the mountains and rivers, it was indispensable to use prostitutes to help the fun, so the official prostitutes rose rapidly.
The scale of the city prostitutes in the Tang Dynasty was very considerable, and the Pingkangfang in Chang'an was once known as the merry servant. Most of the officials, literati, and students of the Tang Dynasty were not confined to etiquette, often haunted the Qinglou, and often used new words of glamorous poems to describe their own romances, and even many famous literati and ink writers were also frequent visitors to the fireworks and willow lanes.
The freedom of women in the Tang Dynasty was unprecedented, and the Tang people did not attach importance to women's chastity before marriage, and it was common to lose their lives and marry again, and premarital behavior and extramarital affairs were more common. At that time, the talented girl Chao Cai and her neighbor Wenmao often used poetry to empathize with each other, and took the opportunity to have a happy meeting, Chao's mother did not condemn too much after learning about it, but sighed and said: "Talented and beautiful, there should be this." So he married them.
Women eloped with their lovers from time to time, Taizhou woman Xiao Weixiang and Jinshi Wang Xuanyan fell in love, eloped to Langya, and lived in the hostel. The Tang people do not regard premarital behavior as a great shame, but rather as a romantic affair.
Meng Shi, the wife of a great merchant in Weiyang, recited poetry at home, and a young man said at the beginning: "Floating life is like sending it, and being young is geometric, how can it be like stealing the joy of a moment." So Meng Shi had an affair with him to find a moment's joy.
One day, the daughter of Zhao Yu of Changshan was swimming alone in the forest, and when she saw an officer in brocade clothes who was very heroic, she asked, "Does my brother like me?" If I can be favored once, the little girl will die without resentment." ”
The officer replied, "How about being a dewy couple?"
Zhao said: "For the time being, the dew couple will also remember their brother." So they parted happily in the woods. According to the literature, men and women in the Tang Dynasty could also try to marry before getting married, and they had to sign a trial marriage agreement when they tried to marry.
Women in the Tang Dynasty could not observe chastity and not value chastity. It is a common phenomenon for women to remarry after divorce or widowhood, and it will not be condemned by public opinion. The princesses of the Tang Dynasty remarried as many as 23 people, including four daughters of Gaozu, six daughters of Taizong, two daughters of Zhongzong, two daughters of Ruizong, eight daughters of Yuanzong, and one daughter of Suzong, of which four were married three times.
Many daughters of bureaucrats and nobles remarried, and the wives of common people can also remarry after their husbands die. Some even filed for divorce, and some divorced by mutual agreement. The family of the prominent eunuch was not taboo to marry a widow, and the son of the prime minister Song married the widow Xue. Yan Tingzhi's wife married Wang Yan after the divorce, and later Wang Yan committed a crime, and Yan Tingzhi also saved him. After the death of Wei Ji's wife, Li Shifu, she took the initiative to defect to Wang Jin, and Wang Jinna was his wife. Han Yu's daughter married his disciple Li Han first, and then married Fan Zhongyi after the divorce, which shows that the scholar family does not prohibit his daughter from remarrying.
The openness of the Tang Dynasty is really surprising, Tang Dynasty women do not wear underwear, and from the perspective of love, women who do not wear underwear are often desirable. The thirst for love in young men makes anxiety and depression, and women who don't wear panties provide the thrill of being watched. The puberty of every young man is recorded, and women wear or do not wear underwear, which has an important social value.
For three generations, women had no clothes on their lower bodies, and they only wore open crotch pants in the Han Dynasty, and the purpose of wearing open crotch pants was to facilitate urination, but it was logical not to wear underwear, and this situation continued at least until the Tang Dynasty. The Japanese made kimonos in Tang costumes, and women wore kimonos and no underwear.
Some people also say that the kimono is a transformation of Wufu, which comes from 800 boys and girls in Jiangnan. Women do not wear underwear, which retains the basic characteristics of ancient Chinese clothing. The only invention of the Japanese was the man's crotch cloth, which still remains in the huge hips of sumo wrestlers.
In addition to the artistic conception of spring, all that remains is the temptation of love. The concept has been open for a long time, and the depressed era has long passed away, such as Sifu, husband and wife talk at night, and underwear has become an obstacle to love.