Chapter 598: National Hero Zheng Chenggong 2
Today's people imagine Zheng Chenggong, often add him the image of a martial artist, but the real Zheng Chenggong in history has never shown any superiority in military technology and tactics, he is better in strategy, including war decisions, but also in the skills to confuse and intimidate the enemy to achieve the goal.
This was not the first time the two rivals had dealt with each other, and the first major thing they did when they came to power was to resume trade with Chinese mainland, and in order to make contact, the colonists sent He Bin, who they considered the most capable Han Chinese, to Fujian as an envoy. Zheng Chenggong's attitude was very friendly, saying that the interruption of trade was only due to the rebellion of the generals, and now it can be resumed immediately. But secretly, He Bin was co-opted by Zheng Tai and asked him to collect taxes from Han merchants in Taiwan, as long as the taxes were paid in Taiwan, he would not have to pay any more money to the sphere of influence of the country's surname.
He Bin did well at first, but it was not until later that the Dutch became aware of his actions, and the colonial authorities stripped him of his title and privileges, and imposed a fine of three hundred liels. His business went bankrupt and he was being chased by creditors all day long, so he simply fled to the mainland and persuaded Zheng Chenggong to occupy Taiwan as a solid anti-Qing base.
The surname of the country really listened to He Bin's suggestion, got a map of Taiwan, learned that the island of Taiwan was rich in products, and learned that the Dutch army was less than 1,000 people, so he moved the idea of attacking Taiwan. But for some reason, he waited for more than a year from He Bin's dedication to the secret discussion with his subordinates to attack Taiwan. It was this more than a year of waiting that made the Dutch in Taiwan look like a snake, and made Batavia think that the information about Zheng's attack on Taiwan was nothing more than a rumor.
During the wait, Zheng Chenggong made a lot of preparations, he moved his station from Xiamen to Kinmen, closed cross-strait trade again, and requisitioned a large number of merchant ships for military use. It was impossible for these actions not to alarm the Dutch in Taiwan, and Zheng Chenggong personally replied because he knew the importance of confusing the enemy at this time.
Realistically speaking, Zheng Chenggong has the absolute initiative in seizing the opportunity to attack Taiwan, because the Dutch side has extremely limited forces and cannot defend the whole island, so it has to take extreme measures in order to prepare for war, and Zheng Chenggong waits for any reason, and the Dutch must be the Dutch who is more exhausted.
On the eve of the actual expedition, Zheng Chenggong's first opponent was not the Dutch, but his reluctant subordinates. The generals did not dare to disobey the secret discussion of the conquest of Taiwan, but they were quite embarrassed, and the means of the country's surname Ye were to reorganize the army with an iron fist, and promoted Yang Chaodong, the assistant director of the Fifth Army, who publicly stated that it was feasible, and killed Wu Hao, the town of Xuanyi Houzhen, who openly claimed that Taiwan's feng shui was indispensable, and that the water and soil were sick, and eliminated dissent in the army.
He was so ruthless to his subordinates, and naturally he was even more cruel to his enemies. In order to force the Dutch to surrender, Zheng Chenggong threatened to masshouse the city after the capture of Geranza, and his torture and killing of prisoners, whether true or false, circulated among the Dutch soldiers, which eventually broke their morale.
When the war was going on, Zheng He negotiated again, the two sides met, the situation was different Yesterday, Zheng Chenggong never mentioned the previous reply, and at the beginning he stated that Taiwan has always belonged to China, and before the Chinese did not need it to lend it to the Netherlands, now the Chinese themselves want to use it, and the Dutch should return the goods to their original owners.
Then he frightened the Dutch envoy and said, "You are not worthy of the generous terms I have offered you, for a handful of soldiers in your castle cannot resist my thousands of troops, and your strength is less than a thousandth of mine." ”
Most people can do it if they say it only in good times, but Zheng Chenggong's great cause of conquest is not all smooth sailing. In the first naval battle with the Dutch, in the first siege of Geranza, his troops suffered considerable losses.
Zheng Tai and others in Kinmen deliberately detained the supply ships to thwart the war against Taiwan, which they did not dare to openly oppose, and at one point the army reduced three meals a day to two meals to save food, and the aborigines of the Potbelly Kingdom even raised troops to resist his rule. No matter what predicament he goes through, he will never let the enemy see his worries, and he will always show his momentum. He once spoke harshly to the Dutch, saying that he would not be afraid of another 2,000 reinforcements, but in fact he only said this after learning the true number of reinforcements from the other side.
The Dutch envoys also encountered an incident in the Zheng army's barracks, they were at first arranged to wait in a large tent, during which they saw several groups of well-equipped soldiers changing guards; then the receiving officer arranged for them to go to another tent, and on the way they saw a large number of elite soldiers again, and the accompanying officer also explained that this was just a small group of soldiers and horses sent to garrison a nearby village; before the formal meeting, they ran into a group of elite soldiers for the third time, saying that it was Zheng Chenggong's guard.
The sharp-eyed Dutchman remembered a few familiar faces in the three teams of soldiers, and only then did he understand that this was a bluff by the national surname. In order to suppress the enemy, the Zheng army did not spare effort, after the failure of the negotiations, the Dutch envoys had to pass through a high hill on the way back to the city, and they could get a glimpse of the whole camp of the Zheng army, but when they stepped on this hill, they only heard a cannon shot, and the soldiers in the camp quickly hid, and the Dutch could not estimate their number, only to see the battle of the scattered troops seemed to be quite large.
Zheng Chenggong vigorously led the Qing army to conquer Taiwan, and Ma Xin, the general, was the vanguard, and took more than 100 warships to sail to Taiwan with the momentum of covering the sun with a banner. At that time, it was the end of the northeast monsoon, and it was difficult for sailing ships to sail from Taiwan to Batavia, and they could not ask for help, so that the country could calmly deal with the lone army on the island.
With the help of He Bin's intelligence, Ma Xin accurately sailed a large number of warships from the Luermen waterway into the bay between the two Dutch castles, and with the help of thousands of Han Chinese, in less than two hours, thousands of soldiers of Zheng's army had landed on the island of Taiwan. Since most of the warships were distributed by Vanderrain, the Dutch were powerless to prevent this from happening, and the first battle between the two sides was already after Zheng Chenggong's huge fleet was stationed in the Taijiang Inland Sea, and the 4,000 Zheng troops were assembled on land.
The first battle between the two armies of Zheng and Dutch began at the same time, and at sea, the Dutch, relying on their huge warships and advanced artillery, drove the only two warships in the bay, the Hector and the S. Graffran, a small galleon, and the speedboat Maria, to take the initiative to attack many of Zheng Chenggong's sailing ships.
The naval battle began near the Luermen waterway, and the Zheng army sent about sixty of the largest sailing ships, each equipped with two cannons, to meet them in a separate convoy. The Dutch were the first to open fire, and their Hector used the power of its cannons to sink one or two ships of the Zheng army in no time. But the soldiers of the Zheng army were not timid about this, and five or six sailing ships surrounded the Hector from all sides, and the Dutch ships kept firing their cannons in order to open the gap, so that the sea was thick with smoke, and the battle could not be seen from the city of Geranza.
Suddenly, there was a violent explosion in the smoke, and even the doors and windows of the city of Geranza were shaken. The Hector and the Zheng ships around it disappeared in this way, and the Hector accidentally detonated the gunpowder on the ship, and this disaster became a turning point in the naval battle, and the remaining three ships of the Dutch army did not dare to fight and sailed to the open sea, while the Zheng fleet was in hot pursuit.
Arriving in a favorable deep-sea area, the two larger Dutch warships turned around and counterattacked, causing further damage to Zheng's army, and the youngest Maria took the opportunity to escape farther to the open sea. At this time, the battle situation was twisted into the pattern of ancient naval warfare by the brave Zheng soldiers, who followed the warships in front of each other, close to the Dutch ships, and charged the Dutch ships one after another with their human bodies, and once boarded the S. Graffran, and the well-trained Dutch soldiers resolutely blocked it with guns and grenades. In the end, the Dutch army kept two warships, but they could no longer attack the ships anchored in the inland sea.
On land, the Dutch suffered an even worse defeat, and their commander, Captain Pedel, was primarily responsible for this, and he went with 240 men to a sandbar north of the city of Geranza to hold back the 4,000 Zheng troops who had already landed.
It is said that seeing the opponent's forces, the commander should organize the troops to evacuate in an orderly manner, but in Pedel's view, the Chinese are simply a rabble, as long as a few of them are shot, the remaining soldiers will flee. Previously, they did rely on two or three hundred people to defeat the 17,800 Han Chinese armed forces of Guo Huai, the leader of Taiwan's cantonment reclamation, but this was not the case with the battle-hardened Zheng Chenggong's troops.
Peidel, who misjudged the situation, commanded his proud team to advance towards Zheng's army, and when the other party saw that he was so small in number, he drew out seven or eight hundred soldiers and went around behind the Dutch army to copy it. The Dutch army marched to a suitable distance and began to fire their guns, and Zheng Jun also drew his bow to shoot back. The Dutch only then discovered that the Chinese were not as good as their weapons, and that they were not all cowards who would be scared away by bullets; when they realized the surprise attack behind them, their previous courage had turned into great fear.
Knowing that he was not at a good point, Peddle wanted to command the whole army to retreat in a dense formation, but his soldiers had long since disobeyed the command and fled in all directions, just as they had imagined the Chinese before the war. At the end of the battle, one hundred and nineteen Dutch corpses were left on the sandbar, including the commander Pedel, while the rest of the Dutch waded aboard the pilot ship on the shore and fled back to the city of Geranza.
The Dutch did not take advantage of the two battles by land and sea, and the team they sent to reinforce the city of Prominsha was also retreated because the commander judged that there was no chance of victory. The Dutch, who knew that they could not defeat Zheng's army, sent an envoy to sue for peace, hoping to give up the island of Taiwan in exchange for the reservation of their mission rights in Dayuan and Taiwan. After seeing the bluff scheme, the Dutch envoys found that they and Zheng Chenggong could not reach an agreement at all, and Zheng Chenggong's bottom line was that all the Dutch must leave, and the war would continue.
At this time, the Dutch had actually lost the city of Promensha, and the fortified castle itself could not cope with the Zheng army equipped with cannons, and it was also in danger of being cut off. The town of Geranza, to the west of the city, had no walls and could not be defended, so the citizens had to be evacuated to the city as soon as possible. All the Dutch could defend was a lonely castle and the hills to the north.
After occupying the town, Zheng Chenggong's army reorganized for more than 20 days, and they transported 28 cannons into the town and erected them on flat ground. In the early morning of the next day, before it was full of light, Zheng Jun's cannons fired in unison, and the cannonballs hit the city wall, and the ground of the city of Gelanza shook. Awakened by the loud bang, he went to inspect the breastwork, and found that Zheng Jun had left an Achilles heel, all the cannons were completely undefended, and the soldiers were overjoyed that they had successfully hit the city wall, exposing their bodies unsuspecting to where the Dutch could shoot.
He ordered his subordinates to adjust their tactics, adopt the most lethal attack method against people, and install large iron nails in their guns. When the right time came, the Dutch artillery fire crossed fire on the uncovered Zheng army, and this round of attacks caused the opponent to be killed and wounded all over the field, and the siege artillery was also unmanned.
The general commanding the siege, out of impatience and lack of experience in firearms combat, mistakenly ordered the rear troops to rush forward to replenish the dead soldiers in front, but this charge that exposed himself to the enemy's guns was simply not going back.
Later captured by the Dutch said that the Zheng army had lost thousands of soldiers and many more wounded in the siege. Due to heavy casualties, Zheng's army had to retreat to the town and leave the cannon in place. Taking advantage of the victory, the Dutch sent a commando team, destroyed several of the opponent's artillery, and captured thirty-two military flags.
After the siege was frustrated, Zheng Chenggong changed his tactics and besieged Gelansha instead of attacking it, focusing more on consolidating his rule over Taiwan in an attempt to trap the Dutch in the city. Faced with a lack of supplies, the Dutch could only send ships to the open sea to plunder the supply ships of the Zheng army.
An unexpected reinforcement arrived at Dayuan Bay, and it turned out that the Maria, who had escaped from the initial naval battle, sailed against the wind for more than 50 days and sent the information to Batavia. The Dutch were overjoyed by this reinforcement, but they soon calmed down, and although ten ships came, they brought only seven hundred soldiers, and the commander was Kaw, who had no experience in warfare.
The Dutch army, which received reinforcements, once organized a counterattack, but Tianshi was not on their side at all, and the plan of counterattack by land and water was destroyed by wind and waves, and only the dead were exchanged for nothing. The three ships sent to recall the defenders stationed at the two fortresses of Tamsui and Jilong at the northern tip of Taiwan also failed to complete their tasks and were simply blown to Fujian by the storm. By chance, they met the King of Jingnan of the Qing army and brought back to Relansha a piece of good news that the Qing Lotus had joined hands to attack the Zheng family.
Joining hands with the Qing Dynasty was probably the last straw for the Dutch, and the commander of the reinforcements, Kaw, suddenly volunteered to complete the task himself. Kawu set sail with three of the most powerful and fastest sailing ships and two small boats, accompanied by the most elite soldiers of the Gerancha army, according to the plan, the Dutch army will attack the Zheng base in Kinmen with the Qing army, and use the method of encircling Wei to rescue Zhao to rescue the trapped Geranza, at least to transport back the urgently needed supplies in the city.
But Kau had a different kind of calculation, he just wanted to take the opportunity to escape for his life, and drove into Penghu, where he sent three of the five ships back for repair, and he drove two good ships with a group of soldiers and military supplies on board to the direction of Siam.
Kau extinguished the last hope of the Dutch army, and many soldiers collapsed when they heard the news. In order to save his life, a sergeant named Rhodis not only surrendered to Zheng Chenggong, but also revealed all the weaknesses and dispositions of the defense of Geranza, and helped Zheng Chenggong formulate a comprehensive siege plan.
The crux of the plan was to capture the Utrecht blockhouse, which would become easy to capture as long as a fort was built on the hill near the pillbox; the fort would be within easy reach of the fort, and the fort would be within reach, and the fort would be within reach, and the fort would be the four corners where the Dutch were shooting, and it would not be difficult to conquer the fort by digging pits and burying mines.
Zheng Chenggong accepted Rhodis's suggestion, but only halfway through it, and when the Utrecht fort fell, the Dutch decided to surrender. The two sides formally signed an agreement, in which Zheng Chenggong agreed to let the Dutch in Taiwan leave safely, and the Dutch left their public property to the national family. After nine months of hard fighting, Zheng Chenggong finally took the whole of Taiwan.